limerat | 673d9ec17f2437917846f5ce799f30399d0739c9dd3e28d3d44b80b5f91de54f

Analysis

max time kernel
129s
max time network
194s
platform
windows7_x64
resource
win7v20210408
submitted
01/07/2021, 14:08

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General

Target

DECL G50 EURL.xlsx
Size

1.2MB
MD5

b97310e2ecc75a1ac5b7cf34503d1509
SHA1

b34bd40fd5717e01cf5ba7cbe2bf8d5d8331783a
SHA256

673d9ec17f2437917846f5ce799f30399d0739c9dd3e28d3d44b80b5f91de54f
SHA512

e287c79a0cd275e232b3180fdf6b6c51b0c62285f5346d4ddd57e6c4e556cd1d033cef66d2939c3e7a7abd2867621fea5ba2cd52eae99db9a13acf3fa5fb22e9

Score

10^/10

limerat persistence rat spyware stealer

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

limerat

Wallets

1LLUV51XQKqq94X965Cc6uGPXeZEGSqCdV

Attributes

aes_key
NYANCAT
antivm
false
c2_url
https://pastebin.com/raw/4pByu6u5
delay
3
download_payload
false
install
false
install_name
Wservices.exe
main_folder
AppData
pin_spread
false
sub_folder
\
usb_spread
true

Signatures

LimeRAT
Simple yet powerful RAT for Windows machines written in .NET.
rat limerat

Modifies system executable filetype association 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

persistence

Modify Registry

T1112

Change Default File Association

T1042

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\exefile\shell\open\command\ = "C:\\Windows\\svchost.com \"%1\" %*"	vbc.exe

Blocklisted process makes network request 1 IoCs

flow	pid	Process
4	1416	EQNEDT32.EXE

Downloads MZ/PE file

Executes dropped EXE 4 IoCs

pid	Process
896	vbc.exe
344	vbc.exe
1612	svchost.com
820	vbc.exe

Loads dropped DLL 9 IoCs

pid	Process
1416	EQNEDT32.EXE
1416	EQNEDT32.EXE
1416	EQNEDT32.EXE
1416	EQNEDT32.EXE
896	vbc.exe
896	vbc.exe
896	vbc.exe
896	vbc.exe
344	vbc.exe

Reads user/profile data of web browsers 2 TTPs
Infostealers often target stored browser data, which can include saved credentials etc.
spyware stealer

Data from Local System
T1005

Credentials in Files
T1081
Uses the VBS compiler for execution 1 TTPs

Scripting
T1064
Legitimate hosting services abused for malware hosting/C2 1 TTPs

Web Service
T1102

Suspicious use of SetThreadContext 1 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 344 set thread context of 820	344	vbc.exe	38

Drops file in Program Files directory 64 IoCs

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\COMMON~1\MICROS~1\OFFICE14\FLTLDR.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\Google\Update\1335~1.452\GO664E~1.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\SELFCERT.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\Adobe\READER~1.0\Reader\ADOBEC~1.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\COMMON~1\Adobe\Updater6\ADOBEU~1.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\Google\Update\1335~1.452\GOBD5D~1.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\misc.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\WI54FB~1\wmprph.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\WINDOW~2\ACCESS~1\wordpad.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\COMMON~1\MICROS~1\MSInfo\msinfo32.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\Google\Update\1335~1.452\GOOGLE~4.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\COMMON~1\MICROS~1\OFFICE14\LICLUA.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MOZILL~1\UNINST~1.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\WI54FB~1\wmlaunch.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\COMMON~1\ADOBEA~1\Versions\1.0\ADOBEA~1.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\COMMON~1\MICROS~1\EQUATION\EQNEDT32.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\COMMON~1\MICROS~1\TextConv\WksConv\Wkconv.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\MSOHTMED.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~3\PACKAG~1\{F4220~1\VC_RED~1.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\Adobe\READER~1.0\Resource\Icons\SC_REA~1.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\COMMON~1\MICROS~1\OFFICE14\MSOXMLED.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\Google\Update\1335~1.452\GOOGLE~3.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\INFOPATH.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\MSOSYNC.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\MSTORE.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\WINWORD.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\COMMON~1\MICROS~1\DW\DW20.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\COMMON~1\MICROS~1\OFFICE14\Oarpmany.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\INTERN~1\ieinstal.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\GROOVEMN.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\COMMON~1\MICROS~1\SOURCE~1\OSE.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\Google\Update\1335~1.452\GOOGLE~2.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\WI54FB~1\wmpshare.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~3\PACKAG~1\{CA675~1\VCREDI~1.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\CLVIEW.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\ONENOTEM.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\COMMON~1\MICROS~1\OFFICE14\MSOICONS.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\Google\Update\1335~1.452\GOOGLE~1.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\INTERN~1\ielowutil.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\ACCICONS.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\CNFNOT32.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\VPREVIEW.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\Adobe\READER~1.0\Reader\A3DUTI~1.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\Adobe\READER~1.0\Reader\Eula.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\WORDICON.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MOZILL~1\MAINTE~1.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\Google\Temp\GUMFBCB.tmp\GOFB2B~1.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\IECONT~1.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\OIS.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\WINDOW~1\wab.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\Adobe\READER~1.0\Reader\AcroRd32.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\COMMON~1\MICROS~1\ink\mip.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\WINDOW~1\wabmig.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\WI54FB~1\WMPDMC.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~3\PACKAG~1\{EF6B0~1\VCREDI~1.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\COMMON~1\MICROS~1\OFFICE14\OFFICE~1\Setup.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\XLICONS.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\Google\Update\1335~1.452\GOF5E2~1.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\BCSSync.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~1\Office14\GRAPH.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\WI54FB~1\wmpconfig.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\Adobe\READER~1.0\Reader\ACROBR~1.EXE	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\COMMON~1\MICROS~1\OFFICE14\OFFICE~1\ODeploy.exe	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\PROGRA~2\WINDOW~4\ImagingDevices.exe	vbc.exe

Drops file in Windows directory 3 IoCs

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	C:\Windows\svchost.com	vbc.exe
File opened for modification	C:\Windows\directx.sys	svchost.com
File opened for modification	C:\Windows\svchost.com	svchost.com

Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s). Likely ransomware behaviour.

System Information Discovery
T1082

Creates scheduled task(s) 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

Schtasks is often used by malware for persistence or to perform post-infection execution.

persistence

Scheduled Task

T1053

pid	Process
1796	schtasks.exe

Enumerates system info in registry 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\Hardware\Description\System\FloatingPointProcessor	EXCEL.EXE

Launches Equation Editor 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

Equation Editor is an old Office component often targeted by exploits such as CVE-2017-11882.

exploit

Exploitation for Client Execution

T1203

pid	Process
1416	EQNEDT32.EXE

Modifies Internet Explorer settings 1 TTPs 9 IoCs

adware spyware

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-2455352368-1077083310-2879168483-1000\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Toolbar	EXCEL.EXE
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-2455352368-1077083310-2879168483-1000\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\MenuExt\Se&nd to OneNote\ = "res://C:\\PROGRA~2\\MICROS~1\\Office14\\ONBttnIE.dll/105"	EXCEL.EXE
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-2455352368-1077083310-2879168483-1000\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\MenuExt\E&xport to Microsoft Excel	EXCEL.EXE
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-2455352368-1077083310-2879168483-1000\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\MenuExt\E&xport to Microsoft Excel\ = "res://C:\\PROGRA~2\\MICROS~1\\Office14\\EXCEL.EXE/3000"	EXCEL.EXE
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-2455352368-1077083310-2879168483-1000\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\MenuExt\E&xport to Microsoft Excel\Contexts = "1"	EXCEL.EXE
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-2455352368-1077083310-2879168483-1000\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Toolbar\ShowDiscussionButton = "Yes"	EXCEL.EXE
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-2455352368-1077083310-2879168483-1000\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\MenuExt	EXCEL.EXE
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-2455352368-1077083310-2879168483-1000\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\MenuExt\Se&nd to OneNote	EXCEL.EXE
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-2455352368-1077083310-2879168483-1000\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\MenuExt\Se&nd to OneNote\Contexts = "55"	EXCEL.EXE

Modifies registry class 1 IoCs

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\exefile\shell\open\command\ = "C:\\Windows\\svchost.com \"%1\" %*"	vbc.exe

Suspicious behavior: AddClipboardFormatListener 1 IoCs

pid	Process
332	EXCEL.EXE

Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken 3 IoCs

description	pid	Process
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	344	vbc.exe
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	820	vbc.exe
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	820	vbc.exe

Suspicious use of SetWindowsHookEx 5 IoCs

pid	Process
332	EXCEL.EXE
332	EXCEL.EXE
332	EXCEL.EXE
332	EXCEL.EXE
332	EXCEL.EXE

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 24 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 1416 wrote to memory of 896	1416	EQNEDT32.EXE	32
PID 1416 wrote to memory of 896	1416	EQNEDT32.EXE	32
PID 1416 wrote to memory of 896	1416	EQNEDT32.EXE	32
PID 1416 wrote to memory of 896	1416	EQNEDT32.EXE	32
PID 896 wrote to memory of 344	896	vbc.exe	33
PID 896 wrote to memory of 344	896	vbc.exe	33
PID 896 wrote to memory of 344	896	vbc.exe	33
PID 896 wrote to memory of 344	896	vbc.exe	33
PID 344 wrote to memory of 1612	344	vbc.exe	35
PID 344 wrote to memory of 1612	344	vbc.exe	35
PID 344 wrote to memory of 1612	344	vbc.exe	35
PID 344 wrote to memory of 1612	344	vbc.exe	35
PID 1612 wrote to memory of 1796	1612	svchost.com	36
PID 1612 wrote to memory of 1796	1612	svchost.com	36
PID 1612 wrote to memory of 1796	1612	svchost.com	36
PID 1612 wrote to memory of 1796	1612	svchost.com	36
PID 344 wrote to memory of 820	344	vbc.exe	38
PID 344 wrote to memory of 820	344	vbc.exe	38
PID 344 wrote to memory of 820	344	vbc.exe	38
PID 344 wrote to memory of 820	344	vbc.exe	38
PID 344 wrote to memory of 820	344	vbc.exe	38
PID 344 wrote to memory of 820	344	vbc.exe	38
PID 344 wrote to memory of 820	344	vbc.exe	38
PID 344 wrote to memory of 820	344	vbc.exe	38

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Office\Office14\EXCEL.EXE
"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Office\Office14\EXCEL.EXE" /dde "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\DECL G50 EURL.xlsx"
1⤵
- Enumerates system info in registry
- Modifies Internet Explorer settings
- Suspicious behavior: AddClipboardFormatListener
- Suspicious use of SetWindowsHookEx
PID:332

C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\EQUATION\EQNEDT32.EXE
"C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\EQUATION\EQNEDT32.EXE" -Embedding
1⤵
- Blocklisted process makes network request
- Loads dropped DLL
- Launches Equation Editor
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:1416
- C:\Users\Public\vbc.exe
  "C:\Users\Public\vbc.exe"
  2⤵
  - Modifies system executable filetype association
  - Executes dropped EXE
  - Loads dropped DLL
  - Drops file in Program Files directory
  - Drops file in Windows directory
  - Modifies registry class
  - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
  PID:896
- - C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\3582-490\vbc.exe
    "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\3582-490\vbc.exe"
    3⤵
    - Executes dropped EXE
    - Loads dropped DLL
    - Suspicious use of SetThreadContext
    - Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
    - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
    PID:344
  - - C:\Windows\svchost.com
      "C:\Windows\svchost.com" "C:\Windows\System32\schtasks.exe" /Create /TN "Updates\UGrisULjKfvkUY" /XML "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\tmp8DCE.tmp"
      4⤵
      Executes dropped EXE
      Drops file in Windows directory
      Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
      PID:1612
    - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\schtasks.exe
        
        C:\Windows\System32\schtasks.exe /Create /TN Updates\UGrisULjKfvkUY /XML C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\tmp8DCE.tmp
        5⤵
        Creates scheduled task(s)
        
        PID:1796
  - - C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\3582-490\vbc.exe
      "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\3582-490\vbc.exe"
      4⤵
      Executes dropped EXE
      Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
      PID:820

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v6

Initial Access

Execution

Exploitation for Client Execution

T1203

Scheduled Task

T1053

Scripting

T1064

Persistence

Change Default File Association

T1042

Scheduled Task

T1053

Privilege Escalation

Scheduled Task

T1053

Defense Evasion

Modify Registry

T1112

Scripting

T1064

Web Service

T1102

Credential Access

Credentials in Files

T1081

Discovery

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

Lateral Movement

Collection

Data from Local System

T1005

Command and Control

Web Service

T1102

Exfiltration

Impact

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Downloads

memory/332-93-0x0000000002EB0000-0x0000000002EB2000-memory.dmp

Filesize
8KB

Download
memory/332-61-0x000000005FFF0000-0x0000000060000000-memory.dmp

Filesize
64KB

Download
memory/332-110-0x000000005FFF0000-0x0000000060000000-memory.dmp

Filesize
64KB

Download
memory/332-60-0x0000000071211000-0x0000000071213000-memory.dmp

Filesize
8KB

Download
memory/332-59-0x000000002FF31000-0x000000002FF34000-memory.dmp

Filesize
12KB

Download
memory/332-92-0x000000000539D000-0x000000000539F000-memory.dmp

Filesize
8KB

Download
memory/332-90-0x000000000539C000-0x000000000539D000-memory.dmp

Filesize
4KB

Download
memory/332-89-0x0000000005399000-0x000000000539C000-memory.dmp

Filesize
12KB

Download
memory/332-88-0x0000000005397000-0x0000000005399000-memory.dmp

Filesize
8KB

Download
memory/332-86-0x0000000005395000-0x0000000005397000-memory.dmp

Filesize
8KB

Download
memory/332-85-0x0000000005393000-0x0000000005395000-memory.dmp

Filesize
8KB

Download
memory/332-83-0x0000000005390000-0x0000000005392000-memory.dmp

Filesize
8KB

Download
memory/344-75-0x0000000000960000-0x0000000000961000-memory.dmp

Filesize
4KB

Download
memory/344-96-0x00000000007D0000-0x00000000007E7000-memory.dmp

Filesize
92KB

Download
memory/344-81-0x0000000007F10000-0x0000000009F0F000-memory.dmp

Filesize
32.0MB

Download
memory/344-95-0x00000000041B0000-0x0000000004205000-memory.dmp

Filesize
340KB

Download
memory/344-77-0x0000000004CF0000-0x0000000004CF1000-memory.dmp

Filesize
4KB

Download
memory/820-109-0x0000000004D90000-0x0000000004D91000-memory.dmp

Filesize
4KB

Download
memory/820-104-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000040C000-memory.dmp

Filesize
48KB

Download
memory/820-107-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000040C000-memory.dmp

Filesize
48KB

Download
memory/1416-62-0x0000000075FF1000-0x0000000075FF3000-memory.dmp

Filesize
8KB

Download

Analysis

Sharing

General

Malware Config

Extracted

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v6

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Downloads