tofsee | 0443e447b5af5dc9b28207adbf03126acfd49a70f6c3fd6b25b6c86e20bd2954

Analysis

max time kernel
147s
max time network
149s
platform
windows10-2004_x64
resource
win10v2004-20240802-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win10v2004-20240802-enlocale:en-usos:windows10-2004-x64system
submitted
22/08/2024, 03:03

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General

Target
b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe
Size 10.4MB
Sample240822-dkjs9avhjg
SHA256 0443e447b5af5dc9b28207adbf03126acfd49a70f6c3fd6b25b6c86e20bd2954
MD5 b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b
SHA1 e4685cb8db8de8f0f41573d5361f9a1b26eefc47
SHA512 df99fb67e282cddb74d0323ffc769045777d4c57ea77996393248d3579c45ba95ec80465ed2b214d9aad9099386789437fa38e25b4355fbbc813fc6a566b411f
SSDEEP 196608:UV6666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666n:66666666666666666666666666666666
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP

Score

10^/10

tofsee discovery evasion execution persistence privilege_escalation trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

tofsee

defeatwax.ru
refabyd.info

Signatures

Tofsee
Backdoor/botnet which carries out malicious activities based on commands from a C2 server.
trojan tofsee
Creates new service(s) 2 TTPs
persistence execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Service Execution
T1569.002

Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

evasion

Windows Service

T1543.003

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

pid	Process
3040	netsh.exe

Sets service image path in registry 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\rynmpawk\ImagePath = "C:\\Windows\\SysWOW64\\rynmpawk\\gsemmxmu.exe"	svchost.exe

Checks computer location settings 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

Looks up country code configured in the registry, likely geofence.

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

description	ioc	Process
Key value queried	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-523280732-2327480845-3730041215-1000\Control Panel\International\Geo\Nation	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe

Deletes itself 1 IoCs

pid	Process
684	svchost.exe

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
1180	gsemmxmu.exe

Suspicious use of SetThreadContext 1 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 1180 set thread context of 684	1180	gsemmxmu.exe	110

Launches sc.exe 3 IoCs

Sc.exe is a Windows utlilty to control services on the system.

pid	Process
3884	sc.exe
760	sc.exe
936	sc.exe

Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s).

System Information Discovery
T1082

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

persistence privilege_escalation

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key value enumerated	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 9 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	netsh.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	gsemmxmu.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	svchost.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 23 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 5060 wrote to memory of 1664	5060	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe	94
PID 5060 wrote to memory of 1664	5060	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe	94
PID 5060 wrote to memory of 1664	5060	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe	94
PID 5060 wrote to memory of 5032	5060	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe	96
PID 5060 wrote to memory of 5032	5060	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe	96
PID 5060 wrote to memory of 5032	5060	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe	96
PID 5060 wrote to memory of 3884	5060	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe	99
PID 5060 wrote to memory of 3884	5060	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe	99
PID 5060 wrote to memory of 3884	5060	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe	99
PID 5060 wrote to memory of 760	5060	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe	101
PID 5060 wrote to memory of 760	5060	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe	101
PID 5060 wrote to memory of 760	5060	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe	101
PID 5060 wrote to memory of 936	5060	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe	103
PID 5060 wrote to memory of 936	5060	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe	103
PID 5060 wrote to memory of 936	5060	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe	103
PID 5060 wrote to memory of 3040	5060	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe	106
PID 5060 wrote to memory of 3040	5060	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe	106
PID 5060 wrote to memory of 3040	5060	b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe	106
PID 1180 wrote to memory of 684	1180	gsemmxmu.exe	110
PID 1180 wrote to memory of 684	1180	gsemmxmu.exe	110
PID 1180 wrote to memory of 684	1180	gsemmxmu.exe	110
PID 1180 wrote to memory of 684	1180	gsemmxmu.exe	110
PID 1180 wrote to memory of 684	1180	gsemmxmu.exe	110

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe"
1⤵
- Checks computer location settings
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:5060
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C mkdir C:\Windows\SysWOW64\rynmpawk\
  2⤵
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1664
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C move /Y "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\gsemmxmu.exe" C:\Windows\SysWOW64\rynmpawk\
  2⤵
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:5032
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" create rynmpawk binPath= "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\rynmpawk\gsemmxmu.exe /d\"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe\"" type= own start= auto DisplayName= "wifi support"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3884
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" description rynmpawk "wifi internet conection"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:760
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" start rynmpawk
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:936
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\netsh.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\netsh.exe" advfirewall firewall add rule name="Host-process for services of Windows" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe" enable=yes>nul
  2⤵
  - Modifies Windows Firewall
  - Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3040

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\rynmpawk\gsemmxmu.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\rynmpawk\gsemmxmu.exe /d"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\b61d1b63dc1e8bdcdf855c430ecfc16b_JaffaCakes118.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- Suspicious use of SetThreadContext
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:1180
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe
  svchost.exe
  2⤵
  - Sets service image path in registry
  - Deletes itself
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:684

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v15

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

System Services

T1569

Service Execution

T1569.002

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Defense Evasion

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

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Downloads

gsemmxmu.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\gsemmxmu.exe
Size 10.6MB
SHA256 71ea0ecb2effc9149daa61911a0734f4e0e68dddf92acb64942a644db9da3a32
MD5 06814e542ff96ebc56a55b950a73b234
SHA1 f37ba363f67bb1d7c61c6a7b14d4c25d24307f19
SHA512 719e628f0b8f3805fe5b2859c510ebf37cc1f627f0597fc01ad3f94b178a4b74f9445f439cbc3bc1e70808e6ed43790727a0516406a55545c932ad100f27a547
SSDEEP 196608:pV66666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666:/666666666666666666666666666666n
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP

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memory/684-14-0x0000000000480000-0x0000000000495000-memory.dmp

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memory/684-19-0x0000000000480000-0x0000000000495000-memory.dmp

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memory/684-16-0x0000000000480000-0x0000000000495000-memory.dmp

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memory/1180-11-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004A9000-memory.dmp

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memory/1180-12-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004A9000-memory.dmp

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memory/1180-13-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004A9000-memory.dmp

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memory/1180-18-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004A9000-memory.dmp

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memory/5060-9-0x00000000021E0000-0x00000000021F3000-memory.dmp

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memory/5060-8-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004A9000-memory.dmp

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memory/5060-2-0x00000000021E0000-0x00000000021F3000-memory.dmp

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memory/5060-10-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000415000-memory.dmp

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memory/5060-3-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000415000-memory.dmp

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memory/5060-1-0x0000000000540000-0x0000000000640000-memory.dmp

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Analysis

Sharing

General

Malware Config

Extracted

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v15

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