tofsee | d3bba24a43c02f7e90c13981e0fba6551e414159ab5a8f066cf44803177a5cce

Analysis

max time kernel
149s
max time network
151s
platform
windows10-2004_x64
resource
win10v2004-20240802-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win10v2004-20240802-enlocale:en-usos:windows10-2004-x64system
submitted
03/09/2024, 10:06

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General

Target
78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe
Size 11.3MB
Sample240903-l5f7vsvdpc
SHA256 78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5
MD5 e465df146e4a00ed2e4a0d941003a13c
SHA1 451f1f0877d638646261a730de87929f01debf68
SHA512 39151020dc52e537ae0333a2a317f70406f9da72fb9013fd49358cb71a39fabc5c267e0fb19d2e28dc2fa221b218857b9dc03320f64b03e99fb31a615cc06983
SSDEEP 3072:NoiqjV0QCeV75zMwb2EfDXTBrt0c5f+Z7ApWt+0krytpObPUfAGM4H1M4CjiJNx4:NoiqjWHeV9zthDjBrmA+VkDbSAgQiTx
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP

Score

10^/10

tofsee discovery evasion execution persistence privilege_escalation trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

tofsee

defeatwax.ru
refabyd.info

Signatures

Tofsee
Backdoor/botnet which carries out malicious activities based on commands from a C2 server.
trojan tofsee
Creates new service(s) 2 TTPs
persistence execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Service Execution
T1569.002

Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

evasion

Windows Service

T1543.003

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

pid	Process
3696	netsh.exe

Sets service image path in registry 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\ybexaaft\ImagePath = "C:\\Windows\\SysWOW64\\ybexaaft\\pnxvvluk.exe"	svchost.exe

Checks computer location settings 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

Looks up country code configured in the registry, likely geofence.

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

description	ioc	Process
Key value queried	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-945322488-2060912225-3527527000-1000\Control Panel\International\Geo\Nation	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe

Deletes itself 1 IoCs

pid	Process
1844	svchost.exe

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
632	pnxvvluk.exe

Suspicious use of SetThreadContext 1 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 632 set thread context of 1844	632	pnxvvluk.exe	108

Launches sc.exe 3 IoCs

Sc.exe is a Windows utlilty to control services on the system.

pid	Process
4176	sc.exe
1852	sc.exe
856	sc.exe

Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s).

System Information Discovery
T1082

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

persistence privilege_escalation

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key value enumerated	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe

Program crash 6 IoCs

pid	pid_target	Process	procid_target
4360	3384	WerFault.exe	82
1816	3384	WerFault.exe	82
1456	3384	WerFault.exe	82
1328	632	WerFault.exe	98
1980	632	WerFault.exe	98
3776	632	WerFault.exe	98

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 9 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	svchost.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	netsh.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	pnxvvluk.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 23 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 3384 wrote to memory of 4080	3384	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe	86
PID 3384 wrote to memory of 4080	3384	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe	86
PID 3384 wrote to memory of 4080	3384	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe	86
PID 3384 wrote to memory of 4432	3384	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe	88
PID 3384 wrote to memory of 4432	3384	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe	88
PID 3384 wrote to memory of 4432	3384	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe	88
PID 3384 wrote to memory of 4176	3384	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe	90
PID 3384 wrote to memory of 4176	3384	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe	90
PID 3384 wrote to memory of 4176	3384	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe	90
PID 3384 wrote to memory of 1852	3384	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe	92
PID 3384 wrote to memory of 1852	3384	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe	92
PID 3384 wrote to memory of 1852	3384	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe	92
PID 3384 wrote to memory of 856	3384	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe	94
PID 3384 wrote to memory of 856	3384	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe	94
PID 3384 wrote to memory of 856	3384	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe	94
PID 3384 wrote to memory of 3696	3384	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe	99
PID 3384 wrote to memory of 3696	3384	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe	99
PID 3384 wrote to memory of 3696	3384	78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe	99
PID 632 wrote to memory of 1844	632	pnxvvluk.exe	108
PID 632 wrote to memory of 1844	632	pnxvvluk.exe	108
PID 632 wrote to memory of 1844	632	pnxvvluk.exe	108
PID 632 wrote to memory of 1844	632	pnxvvluk.exe	108
PID 632 wrote to memory of 1844	632	pnxvvluk.exe	108

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe"
1⤵
- Checks computer location settings
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:3384
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C mkdir C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ybexaaft\
  2⤵
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4080
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C move /Y "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\pnxvvluk.exe" C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ybexaaft\
  2⤵
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4432
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" create ybexaaft binPath= "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ybexaaft\pnxvvluk.exe /d\"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe\"" type= own start= auto DisplayName= "wifi support"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4176
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" description ybexaaft "wifi internet conection"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1852
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" start ybexaaft
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:856
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\netsh.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\netsh.exe" advfirewall firewall add rule name="Host-process for services of Windows" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe" enable=yes>nul
  2⤵
  - Modifies Windows Firewall
  - Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3696
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 3384 -s 676
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:4360
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 3384 -s 1276
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:1816
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 3384 -s 596
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:1456

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ybexaaft\pnxvvluk.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ybexaaft\pnxvvluk.exe /d"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\78ffb37d0d83a6cab5ffda39feca2226b7313e14cf2591742a713cbbf4346ef5.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- Suspicious use of SetThreadContext
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:632
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe
  svchost.exe
  2⤵
  - Sets service image path in registry
  - Deletes itself
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1844
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 632 -s 516
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:1328
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 632 -s 524
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:1980
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 632 -s 536
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:3776

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 408 -p 3384 -ip 3384
1⤵
PID:2160

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 440 -p 3384 -ip 3384
1⤵
PID:3200

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 456 -p 3384 -ip 3384
1⤵
PID:4604

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 520 -p 632 -ip 632
1⤵
PID:1052

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 444 -p 632 -ip 632
1⤵
PID:1472

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 440 -p 632 -ip 632
1⤵
PID:2008

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v15

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

System Services

T1569

Service Execution

T1569.002

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Defense Evasion

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

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Downloads

pnxvvluk.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\pnxvvluk.exe
Size 10.3MB
SHA256 9d747944c0164ae7d7be3505b69131934abe1cd11a56fb9d52a170e54abcbf07
MD5 6e0f0e792b3bbf974fbf995eb5839531
SHA1 e3c073e378c9c4622af0e7c5e0fc920ca5595879
SHA512 80f30a064803618fb749424e6731f68ddea3431544aac9a3b9886b6598f4ea22013b02b1b343768b533a5138733a616f57004a91fa32f1736d86a2003cd5c953
SSDEEP 3072:ToiqjV0QCeV75zMwb2EfDXTBrt0c5f+Z7ApWt+0krytpObPUfAGM4H1M4CjiJNx4:ToiqjWHeV9zthDjBrmA+VkDbSAgQiTx
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP

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memory/632-15-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000086B000-memory.dmp

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memory/632-11-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000086B000-memory.dmp

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memory/632-18-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000086B000-memory.dmp

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memory/1844-12-0x00000000009B0000-0x00000000009C5000-memory.dmp

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memory/1844-14-0x00000000009B0000-0x00000000009C5000-memory.dmp

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memory/1844-16-0x00000000009B0000-0x00000000009C5000-memory.dmp

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memory/3384-3-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000415000-memory.dmp

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memory/3384-2-0x00000000009C0000-0x00000000009D3000-memory.dmp

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memory/3384-8-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000086B000-memory.dmp

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memory/3384-10-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000415000-memory.dmp

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memory/3384-9-0x00000000009C0000-0x00000000009D3000-memory.dmp

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memory/3384-1-0x0000000000A80000-0x0000000000B80000-memory.dmp

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Analysis

Sharing

General

Malware Config

Extracted

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v15

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