tofsee | b0d1d495f878b20a7656655008fe8418b597d5e35932d3efc344d7123f076ad1

Analysis

max time kernel
147s
max time network
152s
platform
windows10-2004_x64
resource
win10v2004-20240802-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win10v2004-20240802-enlocale:en-usos:windows10-2004-x64system
submitted
11/09/2024, 00:54

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General

Target
d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe
Size 12.3MB
Sample240911-a9h2gatelm
SHA256 b0d1d495f878b20a7656655008fe8418b597d5e35932d3efc344d7123f076ad1
MD5 d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af
SHA1 bc2af10130107760ec44e21966ca0780326e5f26
SHA512 82df1c0d9d16b53adf1788ac3b3ae223959b541911cd6ca36b299bb9bdc97c790a626e8bf2dced55ee6605ce3348019bdb3f641c4b40b263ddbe461acca6ed59
SSDEEP 196608:tRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRv:
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP

Score

10^/10

tofsee discovery evasion execution persistence privilege_escalation trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

tofsee

defeatwax.ru
refabyd.info

Signatures

Tofsee
Backdoor/botnet which carries out malicious activities based on commands from a C2 server.
trojan tofsee
Creates new service(s) 2 TTPs
persistence execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Service Execution
T1569.002

Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

evasion

Windows Service

T1543.003

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

pid	Process
4324	netsh.exe

Sets service image path in registry 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\afxvbels\ImagePath = "C:\\Windows\\SysWOW64\\afxvbels\\zgepupdr.exe"	svchost.exe

Checks computer location settings 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

Looks up country code configured in the registry, likely geofence.

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

description	ioc	Process
Key value queried	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-1194130065-3471212556-1656947724-1000\Control Panel\International\Geo\Nation	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe

Deletes itself 1 IoCs

pid	Process
3260	svchost.exe

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
5112	zgepupdr.exe

Suspicious use of SetThreadContext 1 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 5112 set thread context of 3260	5112	zgepupdr.exe	102

Launches sc.exe 3 IoCs

Sc.exe is a Windows utlilty to control services on the system.

pid	Process
2696	sc.exe
684	sc.exe
3920	sc.exe

Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s).

System Information Discovery
T1082

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

persistence privilege_escalation

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key value enumerated	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe

Program crash 2 IoCs

pid	pid_target	Process	procid_target
4648	4980	WerFault.exe	82
4892	5112	WerFault.exe	96

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 9 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	netsh.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	zgepupdr.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	svchost.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 23 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 4980 wrote to memory of 1564	4980	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe	86
PID 4980 wrote to memory of 1564	4980	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe	86
PID 4980 wrote to memory of 1564	4980	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe	86
PID 4980 wrote to memory of 1488	4980	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe	88
PID 4980 wrote to memory of 1488	4980	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe	88
PID 4980 wrote to memory of 1488	4980	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe	88
PID 4980 wrote to memory of 2696	4980	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe	90
PID 4980 wrote to memory of 2696	4980	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe	90
PID 4980 wrote to memory of 2696	4980	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe	90
PID 4980 wrote to memory of 684	4980	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe	92
PID 4980 wrote to memory of 684	4980	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe	92
PID 4980 wrote to memory of 684	4980	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe	92
PID 4980 wrote to memory of 3920	4980	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe	94
PID 4980 wrote to memory of 3920	4980	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe	94
PID 4980 wrote to memory of 3920	4980	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe	94
PID 4980 wrote to memory of 4324	4980	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe	97
PID 4980 wrote to memory of 4324	4980	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe	97
PID 4980 wrote to memory of 4324	4980	d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe	97
PID 5112 wrote to memory of 3260	5112	zgepupdr.exe	102
PID 5112 wrote to memory of 3260	5112	zgepupdr.exe	102
PID 5112 wrote to memory of 3260	5112	zgepupdr.exe	102
PID 5112 wrote to memory of 3260	5112	zgepupdr.exe	102
PID 5112 wrote to memory of 3260	5112	zgepupdr.exe	102

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe"
1⤵
- Checks computer location settings
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:4980
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C mkdir C:\Windows\SysWOW64\afxvbels\
  2⤵
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1564
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C move /Y "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\zgepupdr.exe" C:\Windows\SysWOW64\afxvbels\
  2⤵
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1488
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" create afxvbels binPath= "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\afxvbels\zgepupdr.exe /d\"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe\"" type= own start= auto DisplayName= "wifi support"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:2696
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" description afxvbels "wifi internet conection"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:684
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" start afxvbels
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3920
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\netsh.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\netsh.exe" advfirewall firewall add rule name="Host-process for services of Windows" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe" enable=yes>nul
  2⤵
  - Modifies Windows Firewall
  - Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4324
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 4980 -s 1044
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:4648

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\afxvbels\zgepupdr.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\afxvbels\zgepupdr.exe /d"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\d95293fbe2cd4c9240d36850e8cbe9af_JaffaCakes118.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- Suspicious use of SetThreadContext
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:5112
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe
  svchost.exe
  2⤵
  - Sets service image path in registry
  - Deletes itself
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3260
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 5112 -s 532
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:4892

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 440 -p 4980 -ip 4980
1⤵
PID:216

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 492 -p 5112 -ip 5112
1⤵
PID:3988

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v15

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

System Services

T1569

Service Execution

T1569.002

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Defense Evasion

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

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Downloads

zgepupdr.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\zgepupdr.exe
Size 14.4MB
SHA256 e51f6d3353125006e0aeb04246f624352b682bdcf4be1969a86bd93af6084ed9
MD5 afed7a75288d3c3820d49fcb7b1c6f56
SHA1 0d3fe38219702df29f743ce33e623d477ff55579
SHA512 46a4826b9ae15365f975e3813f54e08d618867df9c0fdf222dd4a6e2bacfd52df5913a5fa782363debd70689c294b71252657bfbdce21017fcf493dacd84bbfa
SSDEEP 196608:6RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRH:
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP

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memory/3260-13-0x00000000004A0000-0x00000000004B5000-memory.dmp

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memory/3260-16-0x00000000004A0000-0x00000000004B5000-memory.dmp

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memory/3260-17-0x00000000004A0000-0x00000000004B5000-memory.dmp

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memory/4980-3-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000415000-memory.dmp

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memory/4980-2-0x0000000000580000-0x0000000000593000-memory.dmp

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memory/4980-10-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000415000-memory.dmp

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memory/4980-9-0x0000000000580000-0x0000000000593000-memory.dmp

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memory/4980-8-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004AF000-memory.dmp

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memory/4980-1-0x00000000005C0000-0x00000000006C0000-memory.dmp

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memory/5112-12-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004AF000-memory.dmp

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memory/5112-11-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004AF000-memory.dmp

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memory/5112-14-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004AF000-memory.dmp

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memory/5112-18-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004AF000-memory.dmp

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Analysis

Sharing

General

Malware Config

Extracted

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v15

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