valleyrat_s2 | 78b8cd9ed9cdfe32f62396f1546c0739b66cf15c8ef5a71d5858358295fc8b15

Analysis

max time kernel
150s
max time network
147s
platform
windows7_x64
resource
win7-20240903-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win7-20240903-enlocale:en-usos:windows7-x64system
submitted
28/03/2025, 07:55

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General

Target

78b8cd9ed9cdfe32f62396f1546c0739b66cf15c8ef5a71d5858358295fc8b15.dll
Size

2.2MB
MD5

cc66527f0069ca11c2f1f51411135199
SHA1

4e3d3f90abc13e451822f20a943a158d5ed1d207
SHA256

78b8cd9ed9cdfe32f62396f1546c0739b66cf15c8ef5a71d5858358295fc8b15
SHA512

71e028b43aca70c2c06fa16226d71602121b3bb78806c098386ebd6d4e255875f498c0861f908ee723139ea8b448f73cc6de1afb3b0c8dff7e3ac77273029133
SSDEEP

49152:L2cV7CFHgGbWJsUqtmNaOhVYcSUuamW5zo76e7+7WVuSwiPSCmDS+5uSlZLun40:NxOAGbWuUmmNaMVrSU735zoWe7+7WGu

Score

10^/10

valleyrat_s2 backdoor discovery execution

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

valleyrat_s2

Version

1.0

154.44.8.39:443

154.44.8.39:80

154.44.8.39:8011

Attributes

campaign_date
2025. 3. 7

Signatures

ValleyRat
ValleyRat stage2 is a backdoor written in C++.
backdoor valleyrat_s2
Valleyrat_s2 family
valleyrat_s2

Blocklisted process makes network request 3 IoCs

flow	pid	Process
2	2388	rundll32.exe
3	2388	rundll32.exe
4	2388	rundll32.exe

Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

Using powershell.exe command.

execution

PowerShell

T1059.001

pid	Process
2772	powershell.exe
1444	powershell.exe

Enumerates connected drives 3 TTPs 22 IoCs

Attempts to read the root path of hard drives other than the default C: drive.

Query Registry

T1012

Peripheral Device Discovery

T1120

System Information Discovery

T1082

description	ioc	Process
File opened (read-only)	\??\T:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\B:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\H:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\J:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\P:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\V:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\W:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\R:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\E:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\G:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\K:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\N:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\S:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\U:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\X:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\M:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\Y:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\Z:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\I:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\L:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\O:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\Q:	rundll32.exe

Enumerates processes with tasklist 1 TTPs 6 IoCs

discovery

Process Discovery

T1057

pid	Process
3032	tasklist.exe
596	tasklist.exe
1508	tasklist.exe
2920	tasklist.exe
2116	tasklist.exe
2700	tasklist.exe

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 24 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	tasklist.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	findstr.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	tasklist.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	timeout.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	findstr.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	findstr.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	timeout.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	tasklist.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	timeout.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	timeout.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	powershell.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	powershell.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	findstr.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	timeout.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	tasklist.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	rundll32.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	tasklist.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	findstr.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	timeout.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	findstr.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	tasklist.exe

Delays execution with timeout.exe 6 IoCs

defense_evasion

pid	Process
2396	timeout.exe
3044	timeout.exe
2488	timeout.exe
1512	timeout.exe
1312	timeout.exe
2432	timeout.exe

Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses 52 IoCs

pid	Process
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2388	rundll32.exe
2772	powershell.exe
1444	powershell.exe
2772	powershell.exe

Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken 8 IoCs

description	pid	Process
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	3032	tasklist.exe
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	2772	powershell.exe
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	1444	powershell.exe
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	596	tasklist.exe
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	1508	tasklist.exe
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	2920	tasklist.exe
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	2116	tasklist.exe
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	2700	tasklist.exe

Suspicious use of SetWindowsHookEx 1 IoCs

pid	Process
2388	rundll32.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 64 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 2156 wrote to memory of 2388	2156	rundll32.exe	30
PID 2156 wrote to memory of 2388	2156	rundll32.exe	30
PID 2156 wrote to memory of 2388	2156	rundll32.exe	30
PID 2156 wrote to memory of 2388	2156	rundll32.exe	30
PID 2156 wrote to memory of 2388	2156	rundll32.exe	30
PID 2156 wrote to memory of 2388	2156	rundll32.exe	30
PID 2156 wrote to memory of 2388	2156	rundll32.exe	30
PID 2388 wrote to memory of 2508	2388	rundll32.exe	31
PID 2388 wrote to memory of 2508	2388	rundll32.exe	31
PID 2388 wrote to memory of 2508	2388	rundll32.exe	31
PID 2388 wrote to memory of 2508	2388	rundll32.exe	31
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 3032	2508	cmd.exe	33
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 3032	2508	cmd.exe	33
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 3032	2508	cmd.exe	33
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 3032	2508	cmd.exe	33
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 3048	2508	cmd.exe	34
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 3048	2508	cmd.exe	34
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 3048	2508	cmd.exe	34
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 3048	2508	cmd.exe	34
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 2488	2508	cmd.exe	36
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 2488	2508	cmd.exe	36
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 2488	2508	cmd.exe	36
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 2488	2508	cmd.exe	36
PID 2388 wrote to memory of 2868	2388	rundll32.exe	38
PID 2388 wrote to memory of 2868	2388	rundll32.exe	38
PID 2388 wrote to memory of 2868	2388	rundll32.exe	38
PID 2388 wrote to memory of 2868	2388	rundll32.exe	38
PID 2388 wrote to memory of 2608	2388	rundll32.exe	39
PID 2388 wrote to memory of 2608	2388	rundll32.exe	39
PID 2388 wrote to memory of 2608	2388	rundll32.exe	39
PID 2388 wrote to memory of 2608	2388	rundll32.exe	39
PID 2868 wrote to memory of 2772	2868	cmd.exe	42
PID 2868 wrote to memory of 2772	2868	cmd.exe	42
PID 2868 wrote to memory of 2772	2868	cmd.exe	42
PID 2608 wrote to memory of 1444	2608	cmd.exe	43
PID 2868 wrote to memory of 2772	2868	cmd.exe	42
PID 2608 wrote to memory of 1444	2608	cmd.exe	43
PID 2608 wrote to memory of 1444	2608	cmd.exe	43
PID 2608 wrote to memory of 1444	2608	cmd.exe	43
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 596	2508	cmd.exe	44
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 596	2508	cmd.exe	44
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 596	2508	cmd.exe	44
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 596	2508	cmd.exe	44
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 592	2508	cmd.exe	45
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 592	2508	cmd.exe	45
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 592	2508	cmd.exe	45
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 592	2508	cmd.exe	45
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 1512	2508	cmd.exe	46
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 1512	2508	cmd.exe	46
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 1512	2508	cmd.exe	46
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 1512	2508	cmd.exe	46
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 1508	2508	cmd.exe	47
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 1508	2508	cmd.exe	47
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 1508	2508	cmd.exe	47
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 1508	2508	cmd.exe	47
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 2672	2508	cmd.exe	48
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 2672	2508	cmd.exe	48
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 2672	2508	cmd.exe	48
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 2672	2508	cmd.exe	48
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 1312	2508	cmd.exe	49
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 1312	2508	cmd.exe	49
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 1312	2508	cmd.exe	49
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 1312	2508	cmd.exe	49
PID 2508 wrote to memory of 2920	2508	cmd.exe	50

C:\Windows\system32\rundll32.exe
rundll32.exe C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\78b8cd9ed9cdfe32f62396f1546c0739b66cf15c8ef5a71d5858358295fc8b15.dll,#1
1⤵
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:2156
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\rundll32.exe
  rundll32.exe C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\78b8cd9ed9cdfe32f62396f1546c0739b66cf15c8ef5a71d5858358295fc8b15.dll,#1
  2⤵
  - Blocklisted process makes network request
  - Enumerates connected drives
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  - Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
  - Suspicious use of SetWindowsHookEx
  - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
  PID:2388
- - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
    cmd.exe /B /c "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\\monitor.bat"
    3⤵
    - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
    - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
    PID:2508
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\tasklist.exe
      tasklist /FI "IMAGENAME eq rundll32.exe"
      4⤵
      Enumerates processes with tasklist
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
      PID:3032
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\findstr.exe
      findstr /I "rundll32.exe"
      4⤵
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      PID:3048
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\timeout.exe
      timeout /t 30 /nobreak
      4⤵
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      Delays execution with timeout.exe
      PID:2488
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\tasklist.exe
      tasklist /FI "IMAGENAME eq rundll32.exe"
      4⤵
      Enumerates processes with tasklist
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
      PID:596
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\findstr.exe
      findstr /I "rundll32.exe"
      4⤵
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      PID:592
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\timeout.exe
      timeout /t 30 /nobreak
      4⤵
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      Delays execution with timeout.exe
      PID:1512
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\tasklist.exe
      tasklist /FI "IMAGENAME eq rundll32.exe"
      4⤵
      Enumerates processes with tasklist
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
      PID:1508
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\findstr.exe
      findstr /I "rundll32.exe"
      4⤵
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      PID:2672
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\timeout.exe
      timeout /t 30 /nobreak
      4⤵
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      Delays execution with timeout.exe
      PID:1312
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\tasklist.exe
      tasklist /FI "IMAGENAME eq rundll32.exe"
      4⤵
      Enumerates processes with tasklist
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
      PID:2920
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\findstr.exe
      findstr /I "rundll32.exe"
      4⤵
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      PID:1748
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\timeout.exe
      timeout /t 30 /nobreak
      4⤵
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      Delays execution with timeout.exe
      PID:2432
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\tasklist.exe
      tasklist /FI "IMAGENAME eq rundll32.exe"
      4⤵
      Enumerates processes with tasklist
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
      PID:2116
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\findstr.exe
      findstr /I "rundll32.exe"
      4⤵
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      PID:1928
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\timeout.exe
      timeout /t 30 /nobreak
      4⤵
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      Delays execution with timeout.exe
      PID:2396
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\tasklist.exe
      tasklist /FI "IMAGENAME eq rundll32.exe"
      4⤵
      Enumerates processes with tasklist
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
      PID:2700
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\findstr.exe
      findstr /I "rundll32.exe"
      4⤵
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      PID:1616
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\timeout.exe
      timeout /t 30 /nobreak
      4⤵
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      Delays execution with timeout.exe
      PID:3044
- - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
    cmd.exe /C powershell -Command "Set-ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted -Scope CurrentUser"
    3⤵
    - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
    - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
    PID:2868
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
      powershell -Command "Set-ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted -Scope CurrentUser"
      4⤵
      Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
      Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
      PID:2772
- - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
    cmd.exe /C powershell -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\updated.ps1
    3⤵
    - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
    - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
    PID:2608
  - - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
      powershell -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\updated.ps1
      4⤵
      Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell
      System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
      Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
      PID:1444

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v15

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

Command and Scripting Interpreter

T1059

PowerShell

T1059.001

Persistence

Privilege Escalation

Defense Evasion

Credential Access

Discovery

Peripheral Device Discovery

T1120

Process Discovery

T1057

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

Replay Monitor

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Downloads

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\monitor.bat

Filesize
721B

MD5
a8795b0c718e389335caa55d74cbdb69

SHA1
d511c944c9552769c23254a6e4c503fd1aa43cfe

SHA256
97ab5b43ce973c01dde10b088372de3612b5bd65adc8b6a402e709e2e7c6b29b

SHA512
f69967863c6d7e49bf55c96ce7d24199ca2b0d4d5cbd1be9b8616e9025bdd1573f47d6bb4e5925a20e3e3647a0178a5097e391448dec0f0fa9690272a4d09cc3

Download Submit
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\updated.ps1

Filesize
151B

MD5
aa0e1012d3b7c24fad1be4806756c2cf

SHA1
fe0d130af9105d9044ff3d657d1abeaf0b750516

SHA256
fc47e1fa89397c3139d9047dc667531a9153a339f8e29ac713e518d51a995897

SHA512
15fae192951747a0c71059f608700f88548f3e60bb5c708b206bf793a7e3d059a278f2058d4ac86b86781b202037401a29602ee4d6c0cbaaff532cef311975f4

Download Submit
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Recent\CustomDestinations\d93f411851d7c929.customDestinations-ms

Filesize
7KB

MD5
6beed9345268c78d98e64ea8d2b32c33

SHA1
91de6bae5da1f462b75d5deea8034a73dac7044f

SHA256
3481e30ab83bb582c83aa085f176c954eac7150537ac4605b0d823c7a07f71bc

SHA512
e6005be8af11db54758fd8b8c3aa81971bb0d70d14546c517835347ffd877eb117d72a8c5aeb4ba71d0eda9a55da5d7415319b48aa8224c9cd0dc1fb43b89b81

Download Submit
memory/2388-19-0x00000000022B0000-0x00000000022E8000-memory.dmp

Filesize
224KB

Download
memory/2388-21-0x0000000010000000-0x0000000010024000-memory.dmp

Filesize
144KB

Download
memory/2388-12-0x0000000010000000-0x0000000010024000-memory.dmp

Filesize
144KB

Download
memory/2388-15-0x0000000000A50000-0x0000000000A82000-memory.dmp

Filesize
200KB

Download
memory/2388-14-0x0000000010000000-0x0000000010024000-memory.dmp

Filesize
144KB

Download
memory/2388-17-0x00000000022B0000-0x00000000022E8000-memory.dmp

Filesize
224KB

Download
memory/2388-18-0x00000000022B0000-0x00000000022E8000-memory.dmp

Filesize
224KB

Download
memory/2388-11-0x0000000010000000-0x0000000010024000-memory.dmp

Filesize
144KB

Download
memory/2388-20-0x00000000022B0000-0x00000000022E8000-memory.dmp

Filesize
224KB

Download
memory/2388-13-0x0000000010000000-0x0000000010024000-memory.dmp

Filesize
144KB

Download
memory/2388-22-0x0000000010000000-0x0000000010024000-memory.dmp

Filesize
144KB

Download
memory/2388-23-0x00000000022B0000-0x00000000022E8000-memory.dmp

Filesize
224KB

Download
memory/2388-24-0x00000000004A0000-0x00000000004CF000-memory.dmp

Filesize
188KB

Download
memory/2388-30-0x00000000022B0000-0x00000000022E8000-memory.dmp

Filesize
224KB

Download
memory/2388-29-0x00000000022B0000-0x00000000022E8000-memory.dmp

Filesize
224KB

Download
memory/2388-10-0x0000000000250000-0x000000000026D000-memory.dmp

Filesize
116KB

Download
memory/2388-4-0x0000000010000000-0x0000000010024000-memory.dmp

Filesize
144KB

Download
memory/2388-42-0x00000000022B0000-0x00000000022E8000-memory.dmp

Filesize
224KB

Download