tofsee | 49ff4cfc4b050ed0f7a223c22c66f5136b81ead48b9d041b2ac6f74ce3f18eaa

Analysis

max time kernel
149s
max time network
149s
platform
windows10-2004_x64
resource
win10v2004-20260130-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win10v2004-20260130-enlocale:en-usos:windows10-2004-x64systemwindows
submitted
23/04/2026, 21:33

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General

Target
2026-04-23_27b0b1c4f50feef88c9d484783e95791_amadey_elex_icedid_njrat_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe
Size 13.2MB
Sample260423-1eba9aas21
SHA256 49ff4cfc4b050ed0f7a223c22c66f5136b81ead48b9d041b2ac6f74ce3f18eaa
MD5 27b0b1c4f50feef88c9d484783e95791
SHA1 43c796fd970f4fb44cca3a3ae9672c22b92da9d0
SHA512 e59bbfb15c7b48ea406ac73a68758d302935974678ae668bc2c6e6050cc3916b244e08fc5a019d29e6d60bcc98fd9aa76afd79e6a6320a69c1d5807f873f08d2
SSDEEP 6144:gKQXE5cfNCEjNrBRkZzyQi70ySqer5+nDFo:gZOcf0wNEbSPer5+nZo
TLSH
T1A7D6DE0452F50D47DE6AEE70667E0E1FCEEE681B644DE71E10A1F02DE972E21C962732
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Score

10^/10

defense_evasion discovery execution tofsee persistence privilege_escalation trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

tofsee

vanaheim.cn
jotunheim.name

Signatures

Family: Tofsee
Backdoor/botnet which carries out malicious activities based on commands from a C2 server.
trojan tofsee

Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

Windows Service

T1543.003

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

pid	Process
1860	netsh.exe

Sets service image path in registry 3 TTPs 1 IoCs

This determines the executable launched when a service starts. It can be used to establish persistence.

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Windows Service

T1543.003

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\wuhqjfkk\ImagePath = "C:\\Windows\\SysWOW64\\wuhqjfkk\\pbresrjn.exe"	svchost.exe

Checks computer location settings 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

Looks up country code configured in the registry, likely geofence.

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

description	ioc	Process
Key value queried	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-721190819-434563495-2007910846-1000\Control Panel\International\Geo\Nation	2026-04-23_27b0b1c4f50feef88c9d484783e95791_amadey_elex_icedid_njrat_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe

Creates new service(s) 2 TTPs
persistence execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Service Execution
T1569.002

Deletes itself 1 IoCs

pid	Process
2676	svchost.exe

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
3528	pbresrjn.exe

Suspicious use of SetThreadContext 1 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 3528 set thread context of 2676	3528	pbresrjn.exe	105

Launches sc.exe 3 IoCs

Sc.exe is a Windows utlilty to control services on the system.

pid	Process
3704	sc.exe
5412	sc.exe
6020	sc.exe

Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s).

System Information Discovery
T1082

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

persistence privilege_escalation

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key value enumerated	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe

Program crash 2 IoCs

pid	pid_target	Process	procid_target
2928	4188	WerFault.exe	81
5192	3528	WerFault.exe	98

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 9 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	2026-04-23_27b0b1c4f50feef88c9d484783e95791_amadey_elex_icedid_njrat_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	pbresrjn.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	svchost.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	netsh.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 8 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 4188 wrote to memory of 5940	4188	2026-04-23_27b0b1c4f50feef88c9d484783e95791_amadey_elex_icedid_njrat_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	83
PID 4188 wrote to memory of 1232	4188	2026-04-23_27b0b1c4f50feef88c9d484783e95791_amadey_elex_icedid_njrat_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	87
PID 4188 wrote to memory of 3704	4188	2026-04-23_27b0b1c4f50feef88c9d484783e95791_amadey_elex_icedid_njrat_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	89
PID 4188 wrote to memory of 5412	4188	2026-04-23_27b0b1c4f50feef88c9d484783e95791_amadey_elex_icedid_njrat_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	94
PID 4188 wrote to memory of 6020	4188	2026-04-23_27b0b1c4f50feef88c9d484783e95791_amadey_elex_icedid_njrat_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	96
PID 4188 wrote to memory of 1860	4188	2026-04-23_27b0b1c4f50feef88c9d484783e95791_amadey_elex_icedid_njrat_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	99
PID 3528 wrote to memory of 2676	3528	pbresrjn.exe	105
PID 3528 wrote to memory of 2676	3528	pbresrjn.exe	105

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-04-23_27b0b1c4f50feef88c9d484783e95791_amadey_elex_icedid_njrat_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-04-23_27b0b1c4f50feef88c9d484783e95791_amadey_elex_icedid_njrat_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- Checks computer location settings
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:4188
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C mkdir C:\Windows\SysWOW64\wuhqjfkk\
  2⤵
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:5940
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C move /Y "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\pbresrjn.exe" C:\Windows\SysWOW64\wuhqjfkk\
  2⤵
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1232
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" create wuhqjfkk binPath= "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\wuhqjfkk\pbresrjn.exe /d\"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-04-23_27b0b1c4f50feef88c9d484783e95791_amadey_elex_icedid_njrat_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe\"" type= own start= auto DisplayName= "wifi support"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3704
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" description wuhqjfkk "wifi internet conection"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:5412
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" start wuhqjfkk
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:6020
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\netsh.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\netsh.exe" advfirewall firewall add rule name="Host-process for services of Windows" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe" enable=yes>nul
  2⤵
  - Modifies Windows Firewall
  - Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1860
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 4188 -s 656
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:2928

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\wuhqjfkk\pbresrjn.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\wuhqjfkk\pbresrjn.exe /d"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-04-23_27b0b1c4f50feef88c9d484783e95791_amadey_elex_icedid_njrat_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- Suspicious use of SetThreadContext
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:3528
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe
  svchost.exe
  2⤵
  - Sets service image path in registry
  - Deletes itself
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:2676
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 3528 -s 528
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:5192

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 408 -p 4188 -ip 4188
1⤵
PID:3800

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 480 -p 3528 -ip 3528
1⤵
PID:5368

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

System Services

T1569

Service Execution

T1569.002

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Defense Evasion

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

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Downloads

pbresrjn.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\pbresrjn.exe
Size 13.4MB
SHA256 64b2bb628ceae66d9537b6fa5db8e43b82def8fb3fba0328a4f7dea833275025
MD5 06fb9dded3bdc920844e769d83335320
SHA1 3b16e039664e8972155b296ee664d68d04fe67f0
SHA512 ddbcb5e61e0860fa15b4faa95c0fee34ebf7ba7197b7ad831adef278cf6dc23bce307c95c01e687f2662ed31691e7b1b1268b662ffd69571a070da7633a09595
SSDEEP 6144:kKQXE5cfNCEjNrBRkZzyQi70ySqer5+nDFo:kZOcf0wNEbSPer5+nZo
TLSH
T192E6DE0452F50D47DE6AEE70667E0E1FCEEE681B644DE71E10A1F02DE972E21C962732
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

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memory/2676-10-0x0000000000930000-0x0000000000945000-memory.dmp

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memory/2676-12-0x0000000000930000-0x0000000000945000-memory.dmp

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memory/2676-13-0x0000000000930000-0x0000000000945000-memory.dmp

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memory/2676-16-0x00000000011D0000-0x000000000128F000-memory.dmp

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memory/2676-18-0x00000000011D0000-0x000000000128F000-memory.dmp

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memory/2676-29-0x00000000011D0000-0x000000000128F000-memory.dmp

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memory/3528-15-0x0000000000AD0000-0x0000000000B8F000-memory.dmp

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memory/4188-1-0x0000000000A30000-0x0000000000B30000-memory.dmp

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memory/4188-2-0x0000000000990000-0x00000000009A3000-memory.dmp

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memory/4188-7-0x0000000000C30000-0x0000000000CEF000-memory.dmp

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memory/4188-8-0x0000000000990000-0x00000000009A3000-memory.dmp

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Analysis

Sharing

General

Malware Config

Extracted

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

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