tofsee | ed191aae07a19a462ff91210b007ec3bbbfdf7b4d9a63f5c2493c339d6e67ba0

Analysis

max time kernel
149s
max time network
153s
platform
windows11-21h2_x64
resource
win11-20260130-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win11-20260130-enlocale:en-usos:windows11-21h2-x64systemwindows
submitted
25/04/2026, 16:03

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General

Target
2026-04-25_343c6f2434c0bd81de66d009bd5b6a19_amadey_elex_manuscrypt_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop_tofsee.exe
Size 12.8MB
Sample260425-thmecsft6p
SHA256 ed191aae07a19a462ff91210b007ec3bbbfdf7b4d9a63f5c2493c339d6e67ba0
MD5 343c6f2434c0bd81de66d009bd5b6a19
SHA1 14cf039ac5af93e85366b27b447b2c2f8f096a8c
SHA512 6bcb8dad377a1574c24b647164b261263856424cd63f5bc88e248c642d9c106639882128bb71f368b69358016723893e4a8b3db3ef57349499c7ce204be3e124
SSDEEP 3072:Op+d48tF8JfG1R2povLjuV6wsUx5zDIXU83h+tiS16gfN3VVEEMp3VJZhwbw3m:jtz3vOVh53I98tOgF3NMplJZw
TLSH
T153D6542C14BCB80DDFADDD3081AD0EFFC2DE68D7BA54595F82D3C51C2A62A7616826D0
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Score

10^/10

defense_evasion discovery execution tofsee persistence privilege_escalation trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

tofsee

vanaheim.cn
jotunheim.name

Signatures

Family: Tofsee
Backdoor/botnet which carries out malicious activities based on commands from a C2 server.
trojan tofsee

Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

Windows Service

T1543.003

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

pid	Process
788	netsh.exe

Sets service image path in registry 3 TTPs 1 IoCs

This determines the executable launched when a service starts. It can be used to establish persistence.

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Windows Service

T1543.003

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\zhfkxhxy\ImagePath = "C:\\Windows\\SysWOW64\\zhfkxhxy\\bvvnqaeq.exe"	svchost.exe

Creates new service(s) 2 TTPs
persistence execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Service Execution
T1569.002

Deletes itself 1 IoCs

pid	Process
3420	svchost.exe

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
3724	bvvnqaeq.exe

Stops running service(s) 4 TTPs
defense_evasion execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Impair Defenses
T1562

Service Stop
T1489

Service Execution
T1569.002

Suspicious use of SetThreadContext 1 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 3724 set thread context of 3420	3724	bvvnqaeq.exe	97

Launches sc.exe 3 IoCs

Sc.exe is a Windows utlilty to control services on the system.

pid	Process
5068	sc.exe
1032	sc.exe
4696	sc.exe

Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s).

System Information Discovery
T1082

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

persistence privilege_escalation

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

description	ioc	Process
Key value enumerated	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe

Program crash 2 IoCs

pid	pid_target	Process	procid_target
1388	1544	WerFault.exe	79
3084	3724	WerFault.exe	91

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 9 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	netsh.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	svchost.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	bvvnqaeq.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	2026-04-25_343c6f2434c0bd81de66d009bd5b6a19_amadey_elex_manuscrypt_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop_tofsee.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 8 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 1544 wrote to memory of 3244	1544	2026-04-25_343c6f2434c0bd81de66d009bd5b6a19_amadey_elex_manuscrypt_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop_tofsee.exe	80
PID 1544 wrote to memory of 3176	1544	2026-04-25_343c6f2434c0bd81de66d009bd5b6a19_amadey_elex_manuscrypt_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop_tofsee.exe	82
PID 1544 wrote to memory of 5068	1544	2026-04-25_343c6f2434c0bd81de66d009bd5b6a19_amadey_elex_manuscrypt_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop_tofsee.exe	84
PID 1544 wrote to memory of 1032	1544	2026-04-25_343c6f2434c0bd81de66d009bd5b6a19_amadey_elex_manuscrypt_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop_tofsee.exe	87
PID 1544 wrote to memory of 4696	1544	2026-04-25_343c6f2434c0bd81de66d009bd5b6a19_amadey_elex_manuscrypt_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop_tofsee.exe	89
PID 1544 wrote to memory of 788	1544	2026-04-25_343c6f2434c0bd81de66d009bd5b6a19_amadey_elex_manuscrypt_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop_tofsee.exe	92
PID 3724 wrote to memory of 3420	3724	bvvnqaeq.exe	97
PID 3724 wrote to memory of 3420	3724	bvvnqaeq.exe	97

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-04-25_343c6f2434c0bd81de66d009bd5b6a19_amadey_elex_manuscrypt_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop_tofsee.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-04-25_343c6f2434c0bd81de66d009bd5b6a19_amadey_elex_manuscrypt_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:1544
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C mkdir C:\Windows\SysWOW64\zhfkxhxy\
  2⤵
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3244
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C move /Y "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\bvvnqaeq.exe" C:\Windows\SysWOW64\zhfkxhxy\
  2⤵
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3176
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" create zhfkxhxy binPath= "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\zhfkxhxy\bvvnqaeq.exe /d\"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-04-25_343c6f2434c0bd81de66d009bd5b6a19_amadey_elex_manuscrypt_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop_tofsee.exe\"" type= own start= auto DisplayName= "wifi support"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:5068
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" description zhfkxhxy "wifi internet conection"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1032
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" start zhfkxhxy
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4696
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\netsh.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\netsh.exe" advfirewall firewall add rule name="Host-process for services of Windows" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe" enable=yes>nul
  2⤵
  - Modifies Windows Firewall
  - Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:788
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 1544 -s 1356
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:1388

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\zhfkxhxy\bvvnqaeq.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\zhfkxhxy\bvvnqaeq.exe /d"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-04-25_343c6f2434c0bd81de66d009bd5b6a19_amadey_elex_manuscrypt_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- Suspicious use of SetThreadContext
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:3724
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe
  svchost.exe
  2⤵
  - Sets service image path in registry
  - Deletes itself
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3420
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 3724 -s 540
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:3084

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 440 -p 1544 -ip 1544
1⤵
PID:1540

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 532 -p 3724 -ip 3724
1⤵
PID:2512

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

System Services

T1569

Service Execution

T1569.002

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Defense Evasion

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

Service Stop

T1489

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bvvnqaeq.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\bvvnqaeq.exe
Size 11.1MB
SHA256 e71aa5642c42bd31a0c7069fd11837ade766614963d3c07da26b9eb11459a20f
MD5 8eb7ab02452e73810bd878bf181640ab
SHA1 187e3f3f8dca1fd4ce40c871d488ea28ae622e18
SHA512 534dba1896bda7ff44b3e992d7ce08ae3c0e973184daa06827793255a847d7246c7ac90f4b1eb69176772457e8e5f1258d7a648a1c88984a76528dae1d7633b7
SSDEEP 3072:0p+d48tF8JfG1R2povLjuV6wsUx5zDIXU83h+tiS16gfN3VVEEMp3VJZhwbw3m:htz3vOVh53I98tOgF3NMplJZw
TLSH
T1CCC6642C14BCB80DDFADDD3081AD0EFFC2DE68D7BA54595F82D3C51C2A62A7616826D0
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

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memory/1544-1-0x00000000008B0000-0x00000000009B0000-memory.dmp

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memory/1544-2-0x0000000000A30000-0x0000000000A43000-memory.dmp

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memory/1544-8-0x0000000000A30000-0x0000000000A43000-memory.dmp

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memory/1544-7-0x0000000002460000-0x00000000024C4000-memory.dmp

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memory/3420-12-0x00000000004F0000-0x0000000000505000-memory.dmp

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memory/3420-11-0x00000000004F0000-0x0000000000505000-memory.dmp

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memory/3420-13-0x00000000004F0000-0x0000000000505000-memory.dmp

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memory/3420-14-0x00000000004F0000-0x0000000000505000-memory.dmp

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memory/3420-17-0x0000000000D00000-0x0000000000DC2000-memory.dmp

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memory/3420-19-0x0000000000D00000-0x0000000000DC2000-memory.dmp

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memory/3420-30-0x0000000000D00000-0x0000000000DC2000-memory.dmp

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memory/3724-10-0x0000000000780000-0x0000000000880000-memory.dmp

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memory/3724-16-0x0000000000B10000-0x0000000000B74000-memory.dmp

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Analysis

Sharing

General

Malware Config

Extracted

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

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