tofsee | abbbf1436981cc3ae314f00010b1ca10545ad326fa9ec9d9c98e274090c1277d

Analysis

max time kernel
149s
max time network
151s
platform
windows11-21h2_x64
resource
win11-20260130-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win11-20260130-enlocale:en-usos:windows11-21h2-x64systemwindows
submitted
06/05/2026, 12:31

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General

Target
2026-05-06_fc47a3d4a8d8460b382632f989acd5b0_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe
Size 12.2MB
Sample260506-pp7awsaz3v
SHA256 abbbf1436981cc3ae314f00010b1ca10545ad326fa9ec9d9c98e274090c1277d
MD5 fc47a3d4a8d8460b382632f989acd5b0
SHA1 1d84c5c9cb6168ff7e23758cb970b3821101b82a
SHA512 6662db8fba408e1b23f0c43b391381bb1817e35becea0e1def987afaa2fd9e9b6fc86f835f06d86092420e12dea580cdbdc4e9b73277da78c76e35a3049c65f4
SSDEEP 393216:nEaDRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfs:nEaDRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfg2
TLSH
T1E1D6786EFA4903F301C1037A674E94C7BB0AD8B9636B56F0246D844F6267E2CA377791
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Score

10^/10

defense_evasion discovery execution tofsee persistence privilege_escalation trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

tofsee

vanaheim.cn
jotunheim.name

Signatures

Family: Tofsee
Backdoor/botnet which carries out malicious activities based on commands from a C2 server.
trojan tofsee

Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

Windows Service

T1543.003

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

pid	Process
3972	netsh.exe

Sets service image path in registry 3 TTPs 1 IoCs

This determines the executable launched when a service starts. It can be used to establish persistence.

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Windows Service

T1543.003

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\pxnydbal\ImagePath = "C:\\Windows\\SysWOW64\\pxnydbal\\ljtuwsvb.exe"	svchost.exe

Creates new service(s) 2 TTPs
persistence execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Service Execution
T1569.002

Deletes itself 1 IoCs

pid	Process
460	svchost.exe

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
3904	ljtuwsvb.exe

Stops running service(s) 4 TTPs
defense_evasion execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Impair Defenses
T1562

Service Stop
T1489

Service Execution
T1569.002

Suspicious use of SetThreadContext 1 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 3904 set thread context of 460	3904	ljtuwsvb.exe	91

Launches sc.exe 3 IoCs

Sc.exe is a Windows utlilty to control services on the system.

pid	Process
3232	sc.exe
4124	sc.exe
4284	sc.exe

Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s).

System Information Discovery
T1082

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

persistence privilege_escalation

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

description	ioc	Process
Key queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key value enumerated	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe

Program crash 2 IoCs

pid	pid_target	Process	procid_target
968	3904	WerFault.exe	90
5980	4368	WerFault.exe	78

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 9 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	netsh.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	2026-05-06_fc47a3d4a8d8460b382632f989acd5b0_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	ljtuwsvb.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	svchost.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 8 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 4368 wrote to memory of 5060	4368	2026-05-06_fc47a3d4a8d8460b382632f989acd5b0_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	79
PID 4368 wrote to memory of 2512	4368	2026-05-06_fc47a3d4a8d8460b382632f989acd5b0_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	81
PID 4368 wrote to memory of 3232	4368	2026-05-06_fc47a3d4a8d8460b382632f989acd5b0_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	83
PID 4368 wrote to memory of 4124	4368	2026-05-06_fc47a3d4a8d8460b382632f989acd5b0_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	86
PID 4368 wrote to memory of 4284	4368	2026-05-06_fc47a3d4a8d8460b382632f989acd5b0_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	88
PID 3904 wrote to memory of 460	3904	ljtuwsvb.exe	91
PID 3904 wrote to memory of 460	3904	ljtuwsvb.exe	91
PID 4368 wrote to memory of 3972	4368	2026-05-06_fc47a3d4a8d8460b382632f989acd5b0_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	94

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-05-06_fc47a3d4a8d8460b382632f989acd5b0_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-05-06_fc47a3d4a8d8460b382632f989acd5b0_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:4368
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C mkdir C:\Windows\SysWOW64\pxnydbal\
  2⤵
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:5060
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C move /Y "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\ljtuwsvb.exe" C:\Windows\SysWOW64\pxnydbal\
  2⤵
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:2512
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" create pxnydbal binPath= "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\pxnydbal\ljtuwsvb.exe /d\"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-05-06_fc47a3d4a8d8460b382632f989acd5b0_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe\"" type= own start= auto DisplayName= "wifi support"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3232
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" description pxnydbal "wifi internet conection"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4124
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" start pxnydbal
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4284
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\netsh.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\netsh.exe" advfirewall firewall add rule name="Host-process for services of Windows" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe" enable=yes>nul
  2⤵
  - Modifies Windows Firewall
  - Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3972
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 4368 -s 704
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:5980

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\pxnydbal\ljtuwsvb.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\pxnydbal\ljtuwsvb.exe /d"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-05-06_fc47a3d4a8d8460b382632f989acd5b0_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- Suspicious use of SetThreadContext
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:3904
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe
  svchost.exe
  2⤵
  - Sets service image path in registry
  - Deletes itself
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:460
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 3904 -s 556
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:968

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 416 -p 3904 -ip 3904
1⤵
PID:3868

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 476 -p 4368 -ip 4368
1⤵
PID:4384

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

System Services

T1569

Service Execution

T1569.002

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Defense Evasion

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

Service Stop

T1489

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Downloads

ljtuwsvb.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\ljtuwsvb.exe
Size 12.2MB
SHA256 7945c7afef99656dadb4506341b174fdc363ab20bcac2c9329c15d76bae96012
MD5 8341f51652d69e7a0096e23258212fb4
SHA1 afaf33b870a14d8cbb6978b15cf6e27f1e28628b
SHA512 8f3df43a1b7e71c9432661028a07fd26a7f4244880cc80847ea6f9be35d3d83e456b6fd7c44b2b5d2dac95e8c6cdf0af7e862dbc3a8f12db30813810ac5a96a5
SSDEEP 393216:aEaDRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfJ:aEaDRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgj
TLSH
T147D6786EFA4903F301C1037A674E94C7BB0AD8B9636B56F0246D844F6267E2CA377791
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

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memory/460-17-0x00000000004D0000-0x00000000004E5000-memory.dmp

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memory/460-19-0x0000000000D00000-0x0000000001302000-memory.dmp

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memory/460-18-0x00000000004D0000-0x00000000004E5000-memory.dmp

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memory/460-8-0x00000000004D0000-0x00000000004E5000-memory.dmp

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memory/460-9-0x00000000004D0000-0x00000000004E5000-memory.dmp

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memory/3904-10-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000229F000-memory.dmp

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memory/3904-13-0x0000000002710000-0x00000000027CB000-memory.dmp

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memory/3904-16-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000229F000-memory.dmp

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memory/4368-14-0x0000000002750000-0x000000000280B000-memory.dmp

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memory/4368-15-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000229F000-memory.dmp

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memory/4368-1-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000229F000-memory.dmp

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memory/4368-4-0x0000000002480000-0x0000000002580000-memory.dmp

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memory/4368-3-0x00000000023A0000-0x00000000023B3000-memory.dmp

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Analysis

Sharing

General

Malware Config

Extracted

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

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