glupteba | 12ad050f72644c7f13f99e8be0167a9c354fb8d6368befde63c9504b6f03a727

Analysis

max time kernel
149s
max time network
150s
platform
windows10-ltsc_2021_x64
resource
win10ltsc2021-20260513-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win10ltsc2021-20260513-enlocale:en-usos:windows10-ltsc_2021-x64systemwindows
submitted
22/05/2026, 22:56

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General

Target
tmpm4f5kylo.exe
Size 4.1MB
Sample260522-2w2efafx8n
SHA256 12ad050f72644c7f13f99e8be0167a9c354fb8d6368befde63c9504b6f03a727
MD5 ebc196bced04b5a05c8e01199f2759d3
SHA1 7fbc1e3a490c2c68c8b9dd950c57083eadbda2ac
SHA512 e67e87ffbad60b5ef02ea9606476d940efb1843b043934a335ba30d31d9029e59aa411477a58b1c1d654b9a3ec9cf4b64bb31eac93ac60047705cfb52aaa3920
SSDEEP 98304:HEl8B6x8aRDXVxKUQHyZKi4COelcAzdXmGb1bH8VhBG+:kjeADXVxKvicel7wUbCBv
TLSH
T1E11633D7B7568132E07358BE49A69B520B7DA836C795083B773C31D83E712D60B3A70A
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Score

10^/10

defense_evasion discovery dropper execution glupteba loader persistence privilege_escalation rootkit spyware trojan

Malware Config

Signatures

Family: Glupteba
Glupteba is a modular loader written in Golang with various components.
loader dropper glupteba

Glupteba payload 22 IoCs

resource	yara_rule
behavioral1/memory/2188-2-0x0000000005130000-0x00000000059A7000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/2188-5-0x0000000005130000-0x00000000059A7000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/2188-3-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/4792-10-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/1920-17-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/2220-25-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/4488-28-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/2592-29-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/4296-30-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/2592-31-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/2592-32-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/2592-33-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/2592-34-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/2592-35-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/2592-36-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/2592-37-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/2592-38-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/2592-39-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/2592-40-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/2592-41-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/2592-42-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba
behavioral1/memory/2592-43-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp	family_glupteba

Windows security bypass 2 TTPs 7 IoCs

defense_evasion trojan

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Paths\C:\Windows\System32\drivers = "0"	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Processes\csrss.exe = "0"	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Processes\windefender.exe = "0"	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Processes\tmpm4f5kylo.exe = "0"	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Paths\C:\Windows\rss = "0"	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Paths\C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\csrss = "0"	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Paths\C:\Windows\windefender.exe = "0"	tmpm4f5kylo.exe

Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

Windows Service

T1543.003

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

pid	Process
3552	netsh.exe

Executes dropped EXE 6 IoCs

pid	Process
2592	csrss.exe
1920	csrss.exe
2220	csrss.exe
1512	injector.exe
4488	csrss.exe
4296	csrss.exe

Windows security modification 2 TTPs 7 IoCs

defense_evasion trojan

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Paths\C:\Windows\rss = "0"	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Paths\C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\csrss = "0"	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Paths\C:\Windows\windefender.exe = "0"	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Paths\C:\Windows\System32\drivers = "0"	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Processes\csrss.exe = "0"	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Processes\windefender.exe = "0"	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Processes\tmpm4f5kylo.exe = "0"	tmpm4f5kylo.exe

Adds Run key to start application 2 TTPs 2 IoCs

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-3054922120-1500138384-519748408-1000\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\csrss = "\"C:\\Windows\\rss\\csrss.exe\""	csrss.exe
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-3054922120-1500138384-519748408-1000\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\csrss = "\"C:\\Windows\\rss\\csrss.exe\""	tmpm4f5kylo.exe

Checks installed software on the system 1 TTPs
Looks up Uninstall key entries in the registry to enumerate software on the system.
discovery

Query Registry
T1012

Contacts third-party web service commonly abused for C2 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

Legitimate web (hosting) services can be abused by malware authors to host malware or C2s.

Web Service

T1102

flow	ioc
31	raw.githubusercontent.com
32	raw.githubusercontent.com

Manipulates WinMonFS driver. 1 IoCs

Roottkits write to WinMonFS to hide directories/files from being detected.

rootkit defense_evasion

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	\??\WinMonFS	csrss.exe

Checks for VirtualBox DLLs, possible anti-VM trick 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

Certain files are specific to VirtualBox VMs and can be used to detect execution in a VM.

System Information Discovery

T1082

description	ioc	Process
File opened (read-only)	\??\VBoxMiniRdrDN	tmpm4f5kylo.exe

Drops file in Windows directory 2 IoCs

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	C:\Windows\rss	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
File created	C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe	tmpm4f5kylo.exe

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

persistence privilege_escalation

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

description	ioc	Process
Key queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key value enumerated	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe

Modifies trusted root certificate store through registry 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

A root certificate was added, modified, or removed in the trusted certificate store registry paths.

defense_evasion

Install Root Certificate

T1553.004

description	ioc	Process
Set value (data)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\ROOT\Certificates\CABD2A79A1076A31F21D253635CB039D4329A5E8\Blob = 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	csrss.exe
Set value (data)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\ROOT\Certificates\CABD2A79A1076A31F21D253635CB039D4329A5E8\Blob = 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	csrss.exe

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 7 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	csrss.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	csrss.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	csrss.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	csrss.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	csrss.exe

Modifies data under HKEY_USERS 40 IoCs

description	ioc	Process
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\trust\CTLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\CA\CRLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\Disallowed\Certificates	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\Disallowed\CRLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\TrustedPeople	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\trust\Certificates	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Policies\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\trust\CRLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Policies\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\Disallowed	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\CA\Certificates	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Policies\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\Disallowed\CTLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\SmartCardRoot\Certificates	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\SmartCardRoot\CTLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\trust	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Policies\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\Disallowed\CRLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\Root\CRLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\SmartCardRoot	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Policies\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\TrustedPeople\CRLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\CA	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Policies\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\CA\CRLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\Disallowed	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\Root	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Policies\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\trust	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\Root\CTLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Policies\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\TrustedPeople	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Policies\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\trust\Certificates	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\TrustedPeople\CTLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Policies\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\CA\Certificates	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\Root\Certificates	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\TrustedPeople\CRLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Policies\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\trust\CTLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\CA\CTLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\TrustedPeople\Certificates	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\trust\CRLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Policies\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\Disallowed\Certificates	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Policies\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\CA	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Policies\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\CA\CTLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\Disallowed\CTLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\SmartCardRoot\CRLs	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Policies\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\TrustedPeople\Certificates	csrss.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Policies\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\TrustedPeople\CTLs	csrss.exe

Modifies system certificate store 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion spyware trojan

Install Root Certificate

T1553.004

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Key created	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\ROOT\Certificates\CABD2A79A1076A31F21D253635CB039D4329A5E8	csrss.exe

Scheduled Task/Job: Scheduled Task 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

Schtasks is often used by malware for persistence or to perform post-infection execution.

persistence execution

Scheduled Task

T1053.005

pid	Process
3320	schtasks.exe
924	schtasks.exe

Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses 64 IoCs

pid	Process
2188	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
2188	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
4792	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
4792	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
4792	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
4792	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
4792	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
4792	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
4792	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
4792	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
4792	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
4792	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
1920	csrss.exe
1920	csrss.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
4488	csrss.exe
4488	csrss.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
2592	csrss.exe
2592	csrss.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
2592	csrss.exe
2592	csrss.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe
1512	injector.exe

Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken 7 IoCs

description	pid	Process
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	2188	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
Token: SeImpersonatePrivilege	2188	tmpm4f5kylo.exe
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	1920	csrss.exe
Token: SeImpersonatePrivilege	1920	csrss.exe
Token: SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege	2592	csrss.exe
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	4488	csrss.exe
Token: SeImpersonatePrivilege	4488	csrss.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 4 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 4792 wrote to memory of 2608	4792	tmpm4f5kylo.exe	87
PID 2608 wrote to memory of 3552	2608	cmd.exe	89
PID 4792 wrote to memory of 2592	4792	tmpm4f5kylo.exe	90
PID 2592 wrote to memory of 1512	2592	csrss.exe	106

Uses Task Scheduler COM API 1 TTPs
The Task Scheduler COM API can be used to schedule applications to run on boot or at set times.
persistence

Query Registry
T1012

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpm4f5kylo.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpm4f5kylo.exe"
1⤵
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
- Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
PID:2188
- C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpm4f5kylo.exe
  "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpm4f5kylo.exe"
  2⤵
  - Windows security bypass
  - Windows security modification
  - Adds Run key to start application
  - Checks for VirtualBox DLLs, possible anti-VM trick
  - Drops file in Windows directory
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  - Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
  - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
  PID:4792
- - C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe
    C:\Windows\Sysnative\cmd.exe /C "netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="csrss" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe" enable=yes"
    3⤵
    - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
    PID:2608
  - - C:\Windows\system32\netsh.exe
      netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="csrss" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe" enable=yes
      4⤵
      Modifies Windows Firewall
      Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
      PID:3552
- - C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
    C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
    3⤵
    - Executes dropped EXE
    - Adds Run key to start application
    - Manipulates WinMonFS driver.
    - Modifies trusted root certificate store through registry
    - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
    - Modifies data under HKEY_USERS
    - Modifies system certificate store
    - Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
    - Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
    - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
    PID:2592
  - - C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\schtasks.exe
      schtasks /CREATE /SC ONLOGON /RL HIGHEST /TR "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe" /TN csrss /F
      4⤵
      Scheduled Task/Job: Scheduled Task
      PID:3320
  - - C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\schtasks.exe
      schtasks /delete /tn ScheduledUpdate /f
      4⤵
      PID:4776
  - - C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\csrss\injector\injector.exe
      C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\csrss\injector\injector.exe taskmgr.exe C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\csrss\injector\NtQuerySystemInformationHook.dll
      4⤵
      Executes dropped EXE
      Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
      PID:1512
  - - C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\schtasks.exe
      schtasks /CREATE /SC ONLOGON /RL HIGHEST /TR "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe" /TN csrss /F
      4⤵
      Scheduled Task/Job: Scheduled Task
      PID:924

C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
"C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
- Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
PID:1920
- C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
  "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe"
  2⤵
  - Executes dropped EXE
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:2220

C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
- Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
PID:4488
- C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
  "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe"
  2⤵
  - Executes dropped EXE
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4296

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

Scheduled Task/Job

T1053

Scheduled Task

T1053.005

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Scheduled Task/Job

T1053

Scheduled Task

T1053.005

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Scheduled Task/Job

T1053

Scheduled Task

T1053.005

Defense Evasion

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Subvert Trust Controls

T1553

Install Root Certificate

T1553.004

Credential Access

Discovery

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Web Service

T1102

Exfiltration

Impact

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Downloads

injector.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\csrss\injector\injector.exe
Size 281KB
SHA256 5de4e2b07a26102fe527606ce5da1d5a4b938967c9d380a3c5fe86e2e34aaaf1
MD5 d98e33b66343e7c96158444127a117f6
SHA1 bb716c5509a2bf345c6c1152f6e3e1452d39d50d
SHA512 705275e4a1ba8205eb799a8cf1737bc8ba686925e52c9198a6060a7abeee65552a85b814ac494a4b975d496a63be285f19a6265550585f2fc85824c42d7efab5
SSDEEP 3072:qbHszDaOJ8u2HHFIWr6e29kOnK7qFQ8wMii5I7kGvNjzMuszHshoY46bEydJ+dK9:SA3IlIA6e29vngqS8wMmuooh8z+8F
TLSH
T17B546C5AB2A918F8ED77823CC8525516F672B8160730D6EF03A447672F276E09D3FB21
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Submit Download

csrss.exe

Path C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
Size 4.1MB
SHA256 12ad050f72644c7f13f99e8be0167a9c354fb8d6368befde63c9504b6f03a727
MD5 ebc196bced04b5a05c8e01199f2759d3
SHA1 7fbc1e3a490c2c68c8b9dd950c57083eadbda2ac
SHA512 e67e87ffbad60b5ef02ea9606476d940efb1843b043934a335ba30d31d9029e59aa411477a58b1c1d654b9a3ec9cf4b64bb31eac93ac60047705cfb52aaa3920
SSDEEP 98304:HEl8B6x8aRDXVxKUQHyZKi4COelcAzdXmGb1bH8VhBG+:kjeADXVxKvicel7wUbCBv
TLSH
T1E11633D7B7568132E07358BE49A69B520B7DA836C795083B773C31D83E712D60B3A70A
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Submit Download

memory/1920-17-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/2188-2-0x0000000005130000-0x00000000059A7000-memory.dmp

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memory/2188-5-0x0000000005130000-0x00000000059A7000-memory.dmp

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memory/2188-3-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/2188-1-0x0000000004C30000-0x0000000005028000-memory.dmp

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memory/2220-25-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/2592-41-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/2592-33-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/2592-40-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/2592-29-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/2592-43-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/2592-31-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/2592-32-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/2592-42-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/2592-34-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/2592-35-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/2592-36-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/2592-37-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/2592-38-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/2592-39-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/4296-30-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/4488-28-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/4792-10-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000003013000-memory.dmp

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memory/4792-6-0x0000000004D30000-0x0000000005127000-memory.dmp

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