Analysis

  • max time kernel
    149s
  • max time network
    149s
  • platform
    windows11-21h2_x64
  • resource
    win11-20260513-en
  • resource tags

    arch:x64arch:x86image:win11-20260513-enlocale:en-usos:windows11-21h2-x64systemwindows
  • submitted
    02/06/2026, 10:03

General

  • Target
    tmpbtunf0vk.exe
  • Size 9.1MB
  • Sample260602-l3vbpsax4w
  • SHA256 ce73f5d8a0d9382c0a1eee6acf7db89183ae009c5a472edcefa950ae2dfc063e
  • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Malware Config

Signatures

  • Family: Glupteba

    Glupteba is a modular loader written in Golang with various components.

  • Glupteba payload 1 IoCs
  • Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs
  • Executes dropped EXE 6 IoCs
  • Adds Run key to start application 2 TTPs 2 IoCs
  • Checks installed software on the system 1 TTPs

    Looks up Uninstall key entries in the registry to enumerate software on the system.

  • Manipulates WinMonFS driver. 1 IoCs

    Roottkits write to WinMonFS to hide directories/files from being detected.

  • Drops file in System32 directory 9 IoCs
  • Checks for VirtualBox DLLs, possible anti-VM trick 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

    Certain files are specific to VirtualBox VMs and can be used to detect execution in a VM.

  • Drops file in Windows directory 2 IoCs
  • Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell 1 TTPs 11 IoCs

    Using powershell.exe command.

  • Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

    Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

  • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 18 IoCs

    Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

  • Modifies data under HKEY_USERS 64 IoCs
  • Scheduled Task/Job: Scheduled Task 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

    Schtasks is often used by malware for persistence or to perform post-infection execution.

  • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses 64 IoCs
  • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken 18 IoCs
  • Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 15 IoCs
  • Uses Task Scheduler COM API 1 TTPs

    The Task Scheduler COM API can be used to schedule applications to run on boot or at set times.

Processes

  • C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpbtunf0vk.exe
    "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpbtunf0vk.exe"
    1⤵
    • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
    • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
    • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
    • Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
    PID:1860
    • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
      powershell -nologo -noprofile
      2⤵
      • Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell
      • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
      • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
      PID:3616
    • C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpbtunf0vk.exe
      "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpbtunf0vk.exe"
      2⤵
      • Adds Run key to start application
      • Checks for VirtualBox DLLs, possible anti-VM trick
      • Drops file in Windows directory
      • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
      • Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
      PID:2876
      • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
        powershell -nologo -noprofile
        3⤵
        • Drops file in System32 directory
        • Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell
        • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
        • Modifies data under HKEY_USERS
        • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
        • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
        PID:4812
      • C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe
        C:\Windows\Sysnative\cmd.exe /C "netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="csrss" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe" enable=yes"
        3⤵
        • Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
        PID:4716
        • C:\Windows\system32\netsh.exe
          netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="csrss" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe" enable=yes
          4⤵
          • Modifies Windows Firewall
          • Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
          PID:588
      • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
        powershell -nologo -noprofile
        3⤵
        • Drops file in System32 directory
        • Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell
        • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
        • Modifies data under HKEY_USERS
        • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
        • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
        PID:4972
      • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
        powershell -nologo -noprofile
        3⤵
        • Drops file in System32 directory
        • Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell
        • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
        • Modifies data under HKEY_USERS
        • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
        • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
        PID:1500
      • C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
        C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
        3⤵
        • Executes dropped EXE
        • Adds Run key to start application
        • Manipulates WinMonFS driver.
        • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
        • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
        • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
        • Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
        PID:4036
        • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
          powershell -nologo -noprofile
          4⤵
          • Drops file in System32 directory
          • Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell
          • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
          • Modifies data under HKEY_USERS
          • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
          • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
          PID:1440
        • C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\schtasks.exe
          schtasks /CREATE /SC ONLOGON /RL HIGHEST /TR "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe" /TN csrss /F
          4⤵
          • Scheduled Task/Job: Scheduled Task
          PID:1488
        • C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\schtasks.exe
          schtasks /delete /tn ScheduledUpdate /f
          4⤵
            PID:3300
          • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
            powershell -nologo -noprofile
            4⤵
            • Drops file in System32 directory
            • Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell
            • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
            • Modifies data under HKEY_USERS
            • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
            • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
            PID:4076
          • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
            powershell -nologo -noprofile
            4⤵
            • Drops file in System32 directory
            • Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell
            • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
            • Modifies data under HKEY_USERS
            • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
            • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
            PID:1856
          • C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\csrss\injector\injector.exe
            C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\csrss\injector\injector.exe taskmgr.exe C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\csrss\injector\NtQuerySystemInformationHook.dll
            4⤵
            • Executes dropped EXE
            • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
            PID:3424
          • C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\schtasks.exe
            schtasks /CREATE /SC ONLOGON /RL HIGHEST /TR "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe" /TN csrss /F
            4⤵
            • Scheduled Task/Job: Scheduled Task
            PID:1384
    • C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
      "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe"
      1⤵
      • Executes dropped EXE
      • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
      • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
      • Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
      PID:1796
      • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
        powershell -nologo -noprofile
        2⤵
        • Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell
        • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
        • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
        • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
        PID:952
      • C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
        "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe"
        2⤵
        • Executes dropped EXE
        • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
        • Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
        PID:1660
        • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
          powershell -nologo -noprofile
          3⤵
          • Drops file in System32 directory
          • Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell
          • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
          • Modifies data under HKEY_USERS
          • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
          • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
          PID:2764
    • C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
      C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
      1⤵
      • Executes dropped EXE
      • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
      • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
      • Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
      PID:3200
      • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
        powershell -nologo -noprofile
        2⤵
        • Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell
        • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
        • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
        • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
        PID:4380
      • C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
        "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe"
        2⤵
        • Executes dropped EXE
        • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
        • Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
        PID:1560
        • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
          powershell -nologo -noprofile
          3⤵
          • Drops file in System32 directory
          • Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell
          • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
          • Modifies data under HKEY_USERS
          • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
          • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
          PID:1724

    Network

          MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

          Replay Monitor

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          Downloads

          StartupProfileData-Interactive

          • Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\StartupProfileData-Interactive
          • Size 20KB
          • SHA256 db82a4d7e23956506baa9e3b6f65001a64998fd0cd7bdc04ce0d8e05529ca3d9
          • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

          StartupProfileData-Interactive

          • Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\StartupProfileData-Interactive
          • Size 20KB
          • SHA256 d543db45c9fa8c3083110d99e7885baa45107262e9b3dc7b7746f0112e3276f3
          • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

          __PSScriptPolicyTest_ttr0kldp.ywt.ps1

          • Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\__PSScriptPolicyTest_ttr0kldp.ywt.ps1
          • Size 60B
          • SHA256 96ad1146eb96877eab5942ae0736b82d8b5e2039a80d3d6932665c1a4c87dcf7
          • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 TLSH

          injector.exe

          • Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\csrss\injector\injector.exe
          • Size 281KB
          • SHA256 5de4e2b07a26102fe527606ce5da1d5a4b938967c9d380a3c5fe86e2e34aaaf1
          • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

          powershell.exe.log

          • Path C:\Windows\SysWOW64\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Microsoft\CLR_v4.0_32\UsageLogs\powershell.exe.log
          • Size 2KB
          • SHA256 9600b3fdf0565ccb49e21656aa4b24d7c18f776bfd04d9ee984b134707550f02
          • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 TLSH

          StartupProfileData-Interactive

          • Path C:\Windows\SysWOW64\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\StartupProfileData-Interactive
          • Size 19KB
          • SHA256 d8a72c3d2ac0bb991330481bc3da8ca28967b9784ffff1c91395b0a0539c2e64
          • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

          StartupProfileData-Interactive

          • Path C:\Windows\SysWOW64\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\StartupProfileData-Interactive
          • Size 19KB
          • SHA256 03f4b55ada280b0f11b20b1579105f41b19cb2a5a48e023879ace9f2f2c7e402
          • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

          StartupProfileData-Interactive

          • Path C:\Windows\SysWOW64\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\StartupProfileData-Interactive
          • Size 19KB
          • SHA256 94b5a31fee886c72c47e461ef30e778585a0a86216ddee3775f3cb472091b002
          • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

          StartupProfileData-Interactive

          • Path C:\Windows\SysWOW64\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\StartupProfileData-Interactive
          • Size 19KB
          • SHA256 9c3e5b8d4bb6d1871575f348bc453162122bc22ae5e614ddda5d70e971dfa85f
          • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

          StartupProfileData-Interactive

          • Path C:\Windows\SysWOW64\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\StartupProfileData-Interactive
          • Size 64B
          • SHA256 9b8a9e3635a9545af511b51988bf98ba396096d4b185dc710bdbe5618eab4d14
          • MD5 SHA1 SHA512

          StartupProfileData-Interactive

          • Path C:\Windows\SysWOW64\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\StartupProfileData-Interactive
          • Size 19KB
          • SHA256 2e1131a76601aee100cf5c77631186042f53289632f7cda8d6c795a6d1157e07
          • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

          StartupProfileData-Interactive

          • Path C:\Windows\SysWOW64\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\StartupProfileData-Interactive
          • Size 19KB
          • SHA256 ef6292471ca058a454bafa277494cbeead76d6b254cda7f56fdab3e767a7c141
          • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

          csrss.exe

          • Path C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
          • Size 9.1MB
          • SHA256 ce73f5d8a0d9382c0a1eee6acf7db89183ae009c5a472edcefa950ae2dfc063e
          • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

          memory/952-141-0x0000000007F10000-0x0000000007F21000-memory.dmp

          memory/952-132-0x0000000070B80000-0x0000000070BCC000-memory.dmp

          memory/952-133-0x00000000714C0000-0x0000000071817000-memory.dmp

          memory/952-140-0x0000000007D50000-0x0000000007DF4000-memory.dmp

          memory/952-149-0x0000000005B30000-0x0000000005B45000-memory.dmp

          memory/1440-112-0x0000000070B80000-0x0000000070BCC000-memory.dmp

          memory/1440-110-0x0000000006210000-0x000000000625C000-memory.dmp

          memory/1440-130-0x0000000005FC0000-0x0000000005FD5000-memory.dmp

          memory/1440-129-0x00000000077E0000-0x00000000077F1000-memory.dmp

          memory/1440-108-0x0000000005C20000-0x0000000005F77000-memory.dmp

          memory/1440-113-0x00000000714C0000-0x0000000071817000-memory.dmp

          memory/1440-120-0x0000000007460000-0x0000000007504000-memory.dmp

          memory/1500-89-0x0000000070C20000-0x0000000070C6C000-memory.dmp

          memory/1500-90-0x0000000070E70000-0x00000000711C7000-memory.dmp

          memory/1724-219-0x0000000070B80000-0x0000000070BCC000-memory.dmp

          memory/1724-220-0x00000000714C0000-0x0000000071817000-memory.dmp

          memory/1724-230-0x0000000005F60000-0x0000000005F75000-memory.dmp

          memory/1856-212-0x00000000714C0000-0x0000000071817000-memory.dmp

          memory/1856-211-0x0000000070B80000-0x0000000070BCC000-memory.dmp

          memory/2764-204-0x0000000005BB0000-0x0000000005BC5000-memory.dmp

          memory/2764-186-0x0000000070B80000-0x0000000070BCC000-memory.dmp

          memory/2764-201-0x0000000007720000-0x0000000007731000-memory.dmp

          memory/2764-187-0x00000000714C0000-0x0000000071817000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-31-0x0000000007C10000-0x0000000007CB4000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-25-0x0000000005390000-0x00000000053A0000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-1-0x00000000052F0000-0x0000000005326000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-2-0x0000000005390000-0x00000000053A0000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-3-0x00000000059D0000-0x0000000005FFA000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-4-0x00000000058C0000-0x00000000058E2000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-5-0x0000000005960000-0x00000000059C6000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-6-0x0000000006230000-0x0000000006296000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-13-0x00000000063A0000-0x00000000066F7000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-14-0x0000000006770000-0x000000000678E000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-15-0x00000000067B0000-0x00000000067FC000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-40-0x0000000007E70000-0x0000000007E78000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-39-0x0000000007E50000-0x0000000007E6A000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-38-0x0000000007E00000-0x0000000007E15000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-37-0x0000000007DF0000-0x0000000007DFE000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-36-0x0000000007DA0000-0x0000000007DB1000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-35-0x0000000007E90000-0x0000000007F26000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-34-0x0000000007D80000-0x0000000007D8A000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-33-0x0000000007D40000-0x0000000007D5A000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-32-0x0000000008380000-0x00000000089FA000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-0-0x0000000005390000-0x00000000053A0000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-30-0x0000000007BF0000-0x0000000007C0E000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-23-0x0000000005390000-0x00000000053A0000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-16-0x0000000006BA0000-0x0000000006BE6000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-21-0x0000000005390000-0x00000000053A0000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-17-0x000000007F6C0000-0x000000007F6D0000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-18-0x0000000007BB0000-0x0000000007BE4000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-19-0x0000000070B10000-0x0000000070B5C000-memory.dmp

          memory/3616-20-0x0000000070C90000-0x0000000070FE7000-memory.dmp

          memory/4076-169-0x0000000007E60000-0x0000000007E71000-memory.dmp

          memory/4076-170-0x00000000066A0000-0x00000000066B5000-memory.dmp

          memory/4076-152-0x0000000070B80000-0x0000000070BCC000-memory.dmp

          memory/4076-161-0x0000000007B20000-0x0000000007BC4000-memory.dmp

          memory/4076-153-0x00000000714C0000-0x0000000071817000-memory.dmp

          memory/4380-172-0x00000000714C0000-0x0000000071817000-memory.dmp

          memory/4380-171-0x0000000070B80000-0x0000000070BCC000-memory.dmp

          memory/4812-49-0x0000000005AF0000-0x0000000005E47000-memory.dmp

          memory/4812-61-0x00000000075D0000-0x00000000075E5000-memory.dmp

          memory/4812-50-0x0000000006080000-0x00000000060CC000-memory.dmp

          memory/4812-51-0x0000000070C20000-0x0000000070C6C000-memory.dmp

          memory/4812-52-0x0000000070E70000-0x00000000711C7000-memory.dmp

          memory/4812-59-0x0000000007230000-0x00000000072D4000-memory.dmp

          memory/4812-60-0x0000000007580000-0x0000000007591000-memory.dmp

          memory/4972-74-0x0000000071560000-0x00000000718B7000-memory.dmp

          memory/4972-73-0x0000000070C20000-0x0000000070C6C000-memory.dmp

          memory/4972-71-0x0000000006000000-0x0000000006357000-memory.dmp