Analysis

  • max time kernel
    149s
  • max time network
    149s
  • platform
    windows11-21h2_x64
  • resource
    win11-20260513-en
  • resource tags

    arch:x64arch:x86image:win11-20260513-enlocale:en-usos:windows11-21h2-x64systemwindows
  • submitted
    02/06/2026, 10:33

General

  • Target
    tmpfro62dxl.exe
  • Size 4.1MB
  • Sample260602-mlvrksa141
  • SHA256 72fed10b7cc9fa24cd772e9498b284d8b8617e700a88f4eb0fa4265a94065610
  • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Malware Config

Signatures

  • Family: Glupteba

    Glupteba is a modular loader written in Golang with various components.

  • Glupteba payload 21 IoCs
  • Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs
  • Executes dropped EXE 6 IoCs
  • Adds Run key to start application 2 TTPs 2 IoCs
  • Checks installed software on the system 1 TTPs

    Looks up Uninstall key entries in the registry to enumerate software on the system.

  • Contacts third-party web service commonly abused for C2 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

    Legitimate web (hosting) services can be abused by malware authors to host malware or C2s.

  • Manipulates WinMonFS driver. 1 IoCs

    Roottkits write to WinMonFS to hide directories/files from being detected.

  • Checks for VirtualBox DLLs, possible anti-VM trick 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

    Certain files are specific to VirtualBox VMs and can be used to detect execution in a VM.

  • Drops file in Windows directory 2 IoCs
  • Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

    Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

  • Modifies trusted root certificate store through registry 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

    A root certificate was added, modified, or removed in the trusted certificate store registry paths.

  • Program crash 6 IoCs
  • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 7 IoCs

    Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

  • Modifies data under HKEY_USERS 40 IoCs
  • Modifies system certificate store 2 TTPs 1 IoCs
  • Scheduled Task/Job: Scheduled Task 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

    Schtasks is often used by malware for persistence or to perform post-infection execution.

  • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses 64 IoCs
  • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken 7 IoCs
  • Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 4 IoCs
  • Uses Task Scheduler COM API 1 TTPs

    The Task Scheduler COM API can be used to schedule applications to run on boot or at set times.

Processes

  • C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpfro62dxl.exe
    "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpfro62dxl.exe"
    1⤵
    • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
    • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
    • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
    PID:1044
    • C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpfro62dxl.exe
      "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpfro62dxl.exe"
      2⤵
      • Adds Run key to start application
      • Checks for VirtualBox DLLs, possible anti-VM trick
      • Drops file in Windows directory
      • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
      • Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
      PID:2064
      • C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe
        C:\Windows\Sysnative\cmd.exe /C "netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="csrss" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe" enable=yes"
        3⤵
        • Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
        PID:2940
        • C:\Windows\system32\netsh.exe
          netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="csrss" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe" enable=yes
          4⤵
          • Modifies Windows Firewall
          • Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
          PID:6024
      • C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
        C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
        3⤵
        • Executes dropped EXE
        • Adds Run key to start application
        • Manipulates WinMonFS driver.
        • Modifies trusted root certificate store through registry
        • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
        • Modifies data under HKEY_USERS
        • Modifies system certificate store
        • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
        • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
        • Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
        PID:1424
        • C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\schtasks.exe
          schtasks /CREATE /SC ONLOGON /RL HIGHEST /TR "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe" /TN csrss /F
          4⤵
          • Scheduled Task/Job: Scheduled Task
          PID:6000
        • C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\schtasks.exe
          schtasks /delete /tn ScheduledUpdate /f
          4⤵
            PID:4376
          • C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\csrss\injector\injector.exe
            C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\csrss\injector\injector.exe taskmgr.exe C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\csrss\injector\NtQuerySystemInformationHook.dll
            4⤵
            • Executes dropped EXE
            • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
            PID:4516
          • C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\schtasks.exe
            schtasks /CREATE /SC ONLOGON /RL HIGHEST /TR "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe" /TN csrss /F
            4⤵
            • Scheduled Task/Job: Scheduled Task
            PID:3984
        • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
          C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 2064 -s 760
          3⤵
          • Program crash
          PID:4616
      • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
        C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 1044 -s 856
        2⤵
        • Program crash
        PID:5564
    • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
      C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 436 -p 1044 -ip 1044
      1⤵
        PID:5336
      • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
        C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 524 -p 2064 -ip 2064
        1⤵
          PID:2952
        • C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
          "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe"
          1⤵
          • Executes dropped EXE
          • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
          • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
          • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
          PID:4032
          • C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
            "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe"
            2⤵
            • Executes dropped EXE
            • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
            PID:3392
            • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
              C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 3392 -s 744
              3⤵
              • Program crash
              PID:5504
          • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
            C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 4032 -s 848
            2⤵
            • Program crash
            PID:3320
        • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
          C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 520 -p 4032 -ip 4032
          1⤵
            PID:6056
          • C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
            C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
            1⤵
            • Executes dropped EXE
            • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
            • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
            • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
            PID:5752
            • C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
              "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe"
              2⤵
              • Executes dropped EXE
              • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
              PID:2696
              • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
                C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 2696 -s 700
                3⤵
                • Program crash
                PID:1780
            • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
              C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 5752 -s 624
              2⤵
              • Program crash
              PID:1324
          • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
            C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 512 -p 3392 -ip 3392
            1⤵
              PID:2816
            • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
              C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 536 -p 5752 -ip 5752
              1⤵
                PID:4864
              • C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
                C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 360 -p 2696 -ip 2696
                1⤵
                  PID:5024

                Network

                      MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

                      Replay Monitor

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                      Downloads

                      injector.exe

                      • Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\csrss\injector\injector.exe
                      • Size 281KB
                      • SHA256 5de4e2b07a26102fe527606ce5da1d5a4b938967c9d380a3c5fe86e2e34aaaf1
                      • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

                      csrss.exe

                      • Path C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
                      • Size 4.1MB
                      • SHA256 72fed10b7cc9fa24cd772e9498b284d8b8617e700a88f4eb0fa4265a94065610
                      • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

                      memory/1044-1-0x0000000002AC0000-0x0000000002EB8000-memory.dmp

                      memory/1044-2-0x0000000002EC0000-0x0000000003736000-memory.dmp

                      memory/1044-3-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/1044-4-0x0000000002EC0000-0x0000000003736000-memory.dmp

                      memory/1424-40-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/1424-31-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/1424-43-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/1424-41-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/1424-38-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/1424-28-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/1424-39-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/1424-42-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/1424-32-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/1424-33-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/1424-34-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/1424-35-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/1424-36-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/1424-37-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/2064-12-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/2064-6-0x00000000029E0000-0x0000000002DD0000-memory.dmp

                      memory/2696-30-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/3392-24-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/4032-15-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp

                      memory/5752-27-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000C91000-memory.dmp