tofsee | 02216cafb13dba5d3b790c93efe21dd9aa002b2486ff5cf93edd0b1124644b70

Analysis

max time kernel
150s
max time network
151s
platform
windows10-2004_x64
resource
win10v2004-20260513-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win10v2004-20260513-enlocale:en-usos:windows10-2004-x64systemwindows
submitted
15/07/2026, 09:27

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General

Target
2026-07-15_bba2c06a284731c765360902112d45ff_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe
Size 14.8MB
Sample260715-levbssb15s
SHA256 02216cafb13dba5d3b790c93efe21dd9aa002b2486ff5cf93edd0b1124644b70
MD5 bba2c06a284731c765360902112d45ff
SHA1 8ef96df1b43da21c420cd4272a271ddc3d9489d4
SHA512 575dacfecbeeadfaac2f82ace8ce6a1e04c58ddfb14c018479caac3e4f53697563d680f8bcb8aa1b238e5e6e378c01fc9ccac52e6b035ff4ddcbc1425814dbff
SSDEEP 393216:kEaDRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfk:kEaDRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgu
TLSH
T1E2F6786EFA4903F301C1037A674E94C7BB0AD8B9636B56F0246D844F6267E2CA377791
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Score

10^/10

defense_evasion discovery execution tofsee persistence privilege_escalation trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

tofsee

vanaheim.cn
jotunheim.name

Signatures

Family: Tofsee
Backdoor/botnet which carries out malicious activities based on commands from a C2 server.
trojan tofsee

Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

Windows Service

T1543.003

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

pid	Process
5440	netsh.exe

Sets service image path in registry 3 TTPs 1 IoCs

This determines the executable launched when a service starts. It can be used to establish persistence.

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Windows Service

T1543.003

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\ecyvwbxd\ImagePath = "C:\\Windows\\SysWOW64\\ecyvwbxd\\ragrpew.exe"	svchost.exe

Checks computer location settings 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

Looks up country code configured in the registry, likely geofence.

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

description	ioc	Process
Key value queried	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-3053180483-1881419501-3594244048-1000\Control Panel\International\Geo\Nation	2026-07-15_bba2c06a284731c765360902112d45ff_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe

Creates new service(s) 2 TTPs
persistence execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Service Execution
T1569.002

Deletes itself 1 IoCs

pid	Process
4156	svchost.exe

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
4292	ragrpew.exe

Stops running service(s) 4 TTPs
defense_evasion execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Impair Defenses
T1562

Service Stop
T1489

Service Execution
T1569.002

Suspicious use of SetThreadContext 1 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 4292 set thread context of 4156	4292	ragrpew.exe	113

Launches sc.exe 3 IoCs

Sc.exe is a Windows utlilty to control services on the system.

pid	Process
2388	sc.exe
1112	sc.exe
5436	sc.exe

Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s).

System Information Discovery
T1082

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

persistence privilege_escalation

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key value enumerated	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe

Program crash 2 IoCs

pid	pid_target	Process	procid_target
4716	4584	WerFault.exe	84
1596	4292	WerFault.exe	102

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 9 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	2026-07-15_bba2c06a284731c765360902112d45ff_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	netsh.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	ragrpew.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	svchost.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 8 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 4584 wrote to memory of 3780	4584	2026-07-15_bba2c06a284731c765360902112d45ff_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	86
PID 4584 wrote to memory of 4524	4584	2026-07-15_bba2c06a284731c765360902112d45ff_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	88
PID 4584 wrote to memory of 2388	4584	2026-07-15_bba2c06a284731c765360902112d45ff_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	90
PID 4584 wrote to memory of 1112	4584	2026-07-15_bba2c06a284731c765360902112d45ff_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	93
PID 4584 wrote to memory of 5436	4584	2026-07-15_bba2c06a284731c765360902112d45ff_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	97
PID 4584 wrote to memory of 5440	4584	2026-07-15_bba2c06a284731c765360902112d45ff_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	99
PID 4292 wrote to memory of 4156	4292	ragrpew.exe	113
PID 4292 wrote to memory of 4156	4292	ragrpew.exe	113

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-15_bba2c06a284731c765360902112d45ff_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-15_bba2c06a284731c765360902112d45ff_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- Checks computer location settings
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:4584
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C mkdir C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ecyvwbxd\
  2⤵
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3780
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C move /Y "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\ragrpew.exe" C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ecyvwbxd\
  2⤵
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4524
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" create ecyvwbxd binPath= "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ecyvwbxd\ragrpew.exe /d\"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-15_bba2c06a284731c765360902112d45ff_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe\"" type= own start= auto DisplayName= "wifi support"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:2388
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" description ecyvwbxd "wifi internet conection"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1112
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" start ecyvwbxd
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:5436
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\netsh.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\netsh.exe" advfirewall firewall add rule name="Host-process for services of Windows" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe" enable=yes>nul
  2⤵
  - Modifies Windows Firewall
  - Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:5440
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 4584 -s 668
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:4716

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ecyvwbxd\ragrpew.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ecyvwbxd\ragrpew.exe /d"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-15_bba2c06a284731c765360902112d45ff_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- Suspicious use of SetThreadContext
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:4292
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe
  svchost.exe
  2⤵
  - Sets service image path in registry
  - Deletes itself
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4156
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 4292 -s 528
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:1596

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 444 -p 4584 -ip 4584
1⤵
PID:3684

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 468 -p 4292 -ip 4292
1⤵
PID:5448

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

System Services

T1569

Service Execution

T1569.002

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Defense Evasion

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

Service Stop

T1489

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Downloads

ragrpew.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\ragrpew.exe
Size 12.9MB
SHA256 20bc4ca418e84f36255c898e33f58fe6ea15f91ad3ec02326037a7191d060902
MD5 703f0a25409dcf7387e3dd27d34acfe9
SHA1 a31a365cfef16181f16857f53cc41af1175ba5ef
SHA512 32fd98f3445096f7bd33fcc250143d75f5c36d32e1ce980ab2c8c59f24a70b62ee1578478111706dc7fdd6ac09324299c2554c007d14063ba0e5a81318ceb058
SSDEEP 393216:REaDRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfE:REaDRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgRfgO
TLSH
T1BCD6786EFA4903F301C1037A674E94C7BB0AD8B9636B56F0246D844F6267E2CA377791
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Submit Download

memory/4156-13-0x0000000000620000-0x0000000000635000-memory.dmp

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memory/4156-15-0x0000000000620000-0x0000000000635000-memory.dmp

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memory/4156-16-0x0000000000620000-0x0000000000635000-memory.dmp

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memory/4292-8-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000229F000-memory.dmp

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memory/4292-18-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000229F000-memory.dmp

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memory/4584-0-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000229F000-memory.dmp

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memory/4584-2-0x0000000002540000-0x0000000002640000-memory.dmp

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memory/4584-3-0x00000000024C0000-0x00000000024D3000-memory.dmp

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memory/4584-5-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000229F000-memory.dmp

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memory/4584-10-0x00000000024C0000-0x00000000024D3000-memory.dmp

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memory/4584-11-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000229F000-memory.dmp

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Analysis

Sharing

General

Malware Config

Extracted

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

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