tofsee | 4084237d56e188c136327580db8864604ab78ccd3e232b94abc9ac8023b5524a

Analysis

max time kernel
149s
max time network
150s
platform
windows11-ltsc_2024_x64
resource
win11ltsc2024-20260710-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win11ltsc2024-20260710-enlocale:en-usos:windows11-ltsc_2024-x64systemwindows
submitted
23/07/2026, 10:03

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General

Target
2026-07-23_68ff34a4886408ae24dd1447091cbeeb_amadey_elex_njrat_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe
Size 12.6MB
Sample260723-l3tp6sbe63
SHA256 4084237d56e188c136327580db8864604ab78ccd3e232b94abc9ac8023b5524a
MD5 68ff34a4886408ae24dd1447091cbeeb
SHA1 887a5abbcf20cee06756fabf99c3eed3c4be66e3
SHA512 14804b75d027c41be75e91423281fff06f1abc773cc11cd96a39e1cee07047e2de950bd6f91c75b67504f92d416d6f6566d3f165fc24911d3054df0b62e21846
SSDEEP 6144:JbdQ8FZLCSoNNs+P3KybQaSqer5+nDrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrn:w8FgfNeY3KaBer5+n
TLSH
T185D61D0642F50D53DE69FE74766E091FCCEA285A706EB70C2191F02EFAB1D61C826772
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Score

10^/10

defense_evasion discovery execution tofsee persistence privilege_escalation trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

tofsee

vanaheim.cn
jotunheim.name

Signatures

Family: Tofsee
Backdoor/botnet which carries out malicious activities based on commands from a C2 server.
trojan tofsee

Windows security bypass 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion trojan

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Paths\C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cauyunra = "0"	svchost.exe

Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

Windows Service

T1543.003

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

pid	Process
348	netsh.exe

Sets service image path in registry 3 TTPs 1 IoCs

This determines the executable launched when a service starts. It can be used to establish persistence.

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Windows Service

T1543.003

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\cauyunra\ImagePath = "C:\\Windows\\SysWOW64\\cauyunra\\bnzebhgu.exe"	svchost.exe

Creates new service(s) 2 TTPs
persistence execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Service Execution
T1569.002

Deletes itself 1 IoCs

pid	Process
5400	svchost.exe

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
2992	bnzebhgu.exe

Stops running service(s) 4 TTPs
defense_evasion execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Impair Defenses
T1562

Service Stop
T1489

Service Execution
T1569.002

Suspicious use of SetThreadContext 1 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 2992 set thread context of 5400	2992	bnzebhgu.exe	104

Launches sc.exe 3 IoCs

Sc.exe is a Windows utlilty to control services on the system.

pid	Process
1344	sc.exe
3120	sc.exe
5044	sc.exe

Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s).

System Information Discovery
T1082

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

persistence privilege_escalation

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key value enumerated	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe

Executes a command shell one-liner 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

Execution of a cmd.exe one-liner (/c "close" or /k "keep") is a common script/loader stage.

execution

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

pid	Process
1200	cmd.exe
2780	cmd.exe

Program crash 2 IoCs

pid	pid_target	Process	procid_target
4060	3548	WerFault.exe	88
936	2992	WerFault.exe	100

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 9 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	2026-07-23_68ff34a4886408ae24dd1447091cbeeb_amadey_elex_njrat_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	netsh.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	svchost.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	bnzebhgu.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 8 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 3548 wrote to memory of 1200	3548	2026-07-23_68ff34a4886408ae24dd1447091cbeeb_amadey_elex_njrat_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	89
PID 3548 wrote to memory of 2780	3548	2026-07-23_68ff34a4886408ae24dd1447091cbeeb_amadey_elex_njrat_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	91
PID 3548 wrote to memory of 1344	3548	2026-07-23_68ff34a4886408ae24dd1447091cbeeb_amadey_elex_njrat_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	93
PID 3548 wrote to memory of 3120	3548	2026-07-23_68ff34a4886408ae24dd1447091cbeeb_amadey_elex_njrat_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	95
PID 3548 wrote to memory of 5044	3548	2026-07-23_68ff34a4886408ae24dd1447091cbeeb_amadey_elex_njrat_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	98
PID 3548 wrote to memory of 348	3548	2026-07-23_68ff34a4886408ae24dd1447091cbeeb_amadey_elex_njrat_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	101
PID 2992 wrote to memory of 5400	2992	bnzebhgu.exe	104
PID 2992 wrote to memory of 5400	2992	bnzebhgu.exe	104

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-23_68ff34a4886408ae24dd1447091cbeeb_amadey_elex_njrat_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-23_68ff34a4886408ae24dd1447091cbeeb_amadey_elex_njrat_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:3548
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C mkdir C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cauyunra\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1200
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C move /Y "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\bnzebhgu.exe" C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cauyunra\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:2780
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" create cauyunra binPath= "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cauyunra\bnzebhgu.exe /d\"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-23_68ff34a4886408ae24dd1447091cbeeb_amadey_elex_njrat_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe\"" type= own start= auto DisplayName= "wifi support"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1344
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" description cauyunra "wifi internet conection"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3120
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" start cauyunra
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:5044
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\netsh.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\netsh.exe" advfirewall firewall add rule name="Host-process for services of Windows" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe" enable=yes>nul
  2⤵
  - Modifies Windows Firewall
  - Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:348
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 3548 -s 708
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:4060

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cauyunra\bnzebhgu.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cauyunra\bnzebhgu.exe /d"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-23_68ff34a4886408ae24dd1447091cbeeb_amadey_elex_njrat_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- Suspicious use of SetThreadContext
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:2992
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe
  svchost.exe
  2⤵
  - Windows security bypass
  - Sets service image path in registry
  - Deletes itself
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:5400
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 2992 -s 596
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:936

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 524 -p 2992 -ip 2992
1⤵
PID:4092

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 508 -p 3548 -ip 3548
1⤵
PID:2848

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

Command and Scripting Interpreter

T1059

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

System Services

T1569

Service Execution

T1569.002

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Defense Evasion

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

Service Stop

T1489

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Downloads

bnzebhgu.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\bnzebhgu.exe
Size 13.6MB
SHA256 ff77c58fea042e23cfa532f512ba2f479e1ed55317dc733150681c366e1b8f90
MD5 080c1fb506c34797f369f1286ba601fa
SHA1 1ce4777003dfd3641c6ac44b0ae0577cff62ead8
SHA512 e24144a5e82236804d4863e21f4843bae28725b8350936b56acfcff861f9a934983bd570139700ee6f5f7c519456abde54c16e231443094e091725690d61e1d0
SSDEEP 6144:BbdQ8FZLCSoNNs+P3KybQaSqer5+nDrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrn:Y8FgfNeY3KaBer5+n
TLSH
T1D4E61D0642F50D53DE69FE74766E091FCCEA285A706EB70C2191F02EFAB1D61C826772
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

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memory/2992-7-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002B70000-memory.dmp

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memory/2992-15-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000415000-memory.dmp

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memory/3548-0-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002B70000-memory.dmp

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memory/3548-3-0x00000000047D0000-0x00000000047E3000-memory.dmp

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memory/3548-2-0x0000000002D50000-0x0000000002E50000-memory.dmp

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memory/3548-12-0x00000000047D0000-0x00000000047E3000-memory.dmp

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memory/3548-14-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000415000-memory.dmp

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memory/5400-9-0x00000000004C0000-0x00000000004D5000-memory.dmp

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memory/5400-16-0x00000000004C0000-0x00000000004D5000-memory.dmp

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memory/5400-17-0x00000000004C0000-0x00000000004D5000-memory.dmp

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Analysis

Sharing

General

Malware Config

Extracted

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

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