tofsee | 2ed15c68c0dac035361457557ca33a09277b5567272bbdc8259d58b4e274a3a1

Analysis

max time kernel
150s
max time network
151s
platform
windows11-ltsc_2024_x64
resource
win11ltsc2024-20260710-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win11ltsc2024-20260710-enlocale:en-usos:windows11-ltsc_2024-x64systemwindows
submitted
27/07/2026, 21:42

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General

Target
2026-07-27_dfdc13aaec4721d77d845019b9c42f3f_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc.exe
Size 15.0MB
Sample260727-1kekvsdd74
SHA256 2ed15c68c0dac035361457557ca33a09277b5567272bbdc8259d58b4e274a3a1
MD5 dfdc13aaec4721d77d845019b9c42f3f
SHA1 3057cf8334b35f3118fc87a442929153478f97f4
SHA512 ea97db8f6e0955af54c8b88300224e35d73d0efecf2e0064d5fce1ee27a14854ef4c16c5a3cb4e8a3ecb6f4d3c266f3e473bdeeda1405c81dfa32e77b3c09b5a
SSDEEP 3072:iurXX+PBiSWHn9SBwcA/Z80HN1TFEGP8HOfwjQ6bdFor3Yz+HKa13jjjjjjjjjj3:rXVSOn9SBKh/TFEGBfw9vo7FHKa
TLSH
T12DF6EA617BF2A045F7FBCA3666314958AB37FC6BF96AC31F20448A5B1C21681CD46B13
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Score

10^/10

defense_evasion discovery execution tofsee persistence privilege_escalation trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

tofsee

vanaheim.cn
jotunheim.name

Signatures

Family: Tofsee
Backdoor/botnet which carries out malicious activities based on commands from a C2 server.
trojan tofsee

Windows security bypass 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion trojan

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Paths\C:\Windows\SysWOW64\kxvqlyex = "0"	svchost.exe

Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

Windows Service

T1543.003

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

pid	Process
3480	netsh.exe

Sets service image path in registry 3 TTPs 1 IoCs

This determines the executable launched when a service starts. It can be used to establish persistence.

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Windows Service

T1543.003

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\kxvqlyex\ImagePath = "C:\\Windows\\SysWOW64\\kxvqlyex\\nzhekxdb.exe"	svchost.exe

Creates new service(s) 2 TTPs
persistence execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Service Execution
T1569.002

Deletes itself 1 IoCs

pid	Process
5492	svchost.exe

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
2928	nzhekxdb.exe

Suspicious use of SetThreadContext 1 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 2928 set thread context of 5492	2928	nzhekxdb.exe	101

Launches sc.exe 3 IoCs

Sc.exe is a Windows utlilty to control services on the system.

pid	Process
3024	sc.exe
1992	sc.exe
3416	sc.exe

Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s).

System Information Discovery
T1082

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

persistence privilege_escalation

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key value enumerated	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe

Executes a command shell one-liner 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

Execution of a cmd.exe one-liner (/c "close" or /k "keep") is a common script/loader stage.

execution

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

pid	Process
2164	cmd.exe
4428	cmd.exe

Program crash 2 IoCs

pid	pid_target	Process	procid_target
236	2928	WerFault.exe	100
912	2792	WerFault.exe	88

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 9 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	nzhekxdb.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	svchost.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	2026-07-27_dfdc13aaec4721d77d845019b9c42f3f_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	netsh.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 8 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 2792 wrote to memory of 2164	2792	2026-07-27_dfdc13aaec4721d77d845019b9c42f3f_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc.exe	89
PID 2792 wrote to memory of 4428	2792	2026-07-27_dfdc13aaec4721d77d845019b9c42f3f_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc.exe	91
PID 2792 wrote to memory of 3024	2792	2026-07-27_dfdc13aaec4721d77d845019b9c42f3f_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc.exe	93
PID 2792 wrote to memory of 1992	2792	2026-07-27_dfdc13aaec4721d77d845019b9c42f3f_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc.exe	95
PID 2792 wrote to memory of 3416	2792	2026-07-27_dfdc13aaec4721d77d845019b9c42f3f_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc.exe	97
PID 2928 wrote to memory of 5492	2928	nzhekxdb.exe	101
PID 2928 wrote to memory of 5492	2928	nzhekxdb.exe	101
PID 2792 wrote to memory of 3480	2792	2026-07-27_dfdc13aaec4721d77d845019b9c42f3f_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc.exe	103

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-27_dfdc13aaec4721d77d845019b9c42f3f_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-27_dfdc13aaec4721d77d845019b9c42f3f_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc.exe"
1⤵
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:2792
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C mkdir C:\Windows\SysWOW64\kxvqlyex\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:2164
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C move /Y "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\nzhekxdb.exe" C:\Windows\SysWOW64\kxvqlyex\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4428
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" create kxvqlyex binPath= "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\kxvqlyex\nzhekxdb.exe /d\"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-27_dfdc13aaec4721d77d845019b9c42f3f_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc.exe\"" type= own start= auto DisplayName= "wifi support"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3024
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" description kxvqlyex "wifi internet conection"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1992
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" start kxvqlyex
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3416
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\netsh.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\netsh.exe" advfirewall firewall add rule name="Host-process for services of Windows" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe" enable=yes>nul
  2⤵
  - Modifies Windows Firewall
  - Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3480
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 2792 -s 1088
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:912

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\kxvqlyex\nzhekxdb.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\kxvqlyex\nzhekxdb.exe /d"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-27_dfdc13aaec4721d77d845019b9c42f3f_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- Suspicious use of SetThreadContext
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:2928
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe
  svchost.exe
  2⤵
  - Windows security bypass
  - Sets service image path in registry
  - Deletes itself
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:5492
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 2928 -s 588
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:236

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 532 -p 2792 -ip 2792
1⤵
PID:4412

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 572 -p 2928 -ip 2928
1⤵
PID:4424

C:\Windows\system32\svchost.exe
C:\Windows\system32\svchost.exe -k GPSvcGroup
1⤵
PID:788

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

Command and Scripting Interpreter

T1059

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

System Services

T1569

Service Execution

T1569.002

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Defense Evasion

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

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Downloads

nzhekxdb.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\nzhekxdb.exe
Size 13.6MB
SHA256 c1f205c1f1adeedbfd52d1feea14e745ea438f4d44f9f328fc93fe61184c75a7
MD5 5c5cbbb19bcdd69856070782bf86f7ca
SHA1 a87f8d475b354faec7030f71896c189dc53aa8b9
SHA512 b7d15ab37939340f08952ccd38160562f9a046ccf854c7d483532cb62bd7e7771d587abaa5bacffdf7b1f4f543c599fae1f748284904f9e268f8fc5b003c85fd
SSDEEP 3072:QurXX+PBiSWHn9SBwcA/Z80HN1TFEGP8HOfwjQ6bdFor3Yz+HKa13jjjjjjjjjj7:pXVSOn9SBKh/TFEGBfw9vo7FHKa
TLSH
T18AE6EA617BF2A045F7FBCA3666314958AB37FC6BF96AC31F20448A5B1C21681CD46B13
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Submit Download

memory/2792-1-0x00000000008C0000-0x00000000009C0000-memory.dmp

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memory/2792-2-0x0000000002340000-0x0000000002353000-memory.dmp

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memory/2792-14-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000070F000-memory.dmp

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memory/2928-7-0x0000000000950000-0x0000000000A50000-memory.dmp

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memory/2928-13-0x00000000008F0000-0x0000000000903000-memory.dmp

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memory/2928-12-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000070F000-memory.dmp

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memory/5492-8-0x0000000000340000-0x0000000000355000-memory.dmp

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memory/5492-11-0x0000000000340000-0x0000000000355000-memory.dmp

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memory/5492-15-0x0000000000340000-0x0000000000355000-memory.dmp

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memory/5492-16-0x0000000000340000-0x0000000000355000-memory.dmp

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memory/5492-17-0x0000000000340000-0x0000000000355000-memory.dmp

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Analysis

Sharing

General

Malware Config

Extracted

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

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