tofsee | 10d10de2b3a9d9515547b398c875a936cff888c584cc41519bfe34307ac17bca

Analysis

max time kernel
150s
max time network
150s
platform
windows11-ltsc_2024_x64
resource
win11ltsc2024-20260709-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win11ltsc2024-20260709-enlocale:en-usos:windows11-ltsc_2024-x64systemwindows
submitted
31/07/2026, 11:58

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General

Target
2026-07-31_4aa71a5280a3364976285481a994e062_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe
Size 13.1MB
Sample260731-n5l48aaa66
SHA256 10d10de2b3a9d9515547b398c875a936cff888c584cc41519bfe34307ac17bca
MD5 4aa71a5280a3364976285481a994e062
SHA1 93b97cd2f418da8fbe15c92f76cfad4bb24d8d68
SHA512 7fa9f70d78c6ab51356799f406ddedbed4783a5e85f94d68696f2acd69b6de9191daace144c66226605183c76347ef13651e14e99028a7be06232496c88280a5
SSDEEP 49152:JGEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEP:J
TLSH
T1ADD6016176FE9119F3F79E346AB667981A7BBDA3783481BD0110230A5D32EC18D91F23
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Score

10^/10

defense_evasion discovery execution tofsee persistence privilege_escalation trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

tofsee

vanaheim.cn
jotunheim.name

Signatures

Family: Tofsee
Backdoor/botnet which carries out malicious activities based on commands from a C2 server.
trojan tofsee

Windows security bypass 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion trojan

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Paths\C:\Windows\SysWOW64\zozevvcm = "0"	svchost.exe

Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

Windows Service

T1543.003

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

pid	Process
1156	netsh.exe

Sets service image path in registry 3 TTPs 1 IoCs

This determines the executable launched when a service starts. It can be used to establish persistence.

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Windows Service

T1543.003

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\zozevvcm\ImagePath = "C:\\Windows\\SysWOW64\\zozevvcm\\cfyjjstt.exe"	svchost.exe

Creates new service(s) 2 TTPs
persistence execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Service Execution
T1569.002

Deletes itself 1 IoCs

pid	Process
4524	svchost.exe

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
4324	cfyjjstt.exe

Stops running service(s) 4 TTPs
defense_evasion execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Impair Defenses
T1562

Service Stop
T1489

Service Execution
T1569.002

Suspicious use of SetThreadContext 1 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 4324 set thread context of 4524	4324	cfyjjstt.exe	102

Launches sc.exe 3 IoCs

Sc.exe is a Windows utlilty to control services on the system.

pid	Process
3228	sc.exe
3648	sc.exe
4272	sc.exe

Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s).

System Information Discovery
T1082

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

persistence privilege_escalation

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key value enumerated	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe

Executes a command shell one-liner 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

Execution of a cmd.exe one-liner (/c "close" or /k "keep") is a common script/loader stage.

execution

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

pid	Process
4316	cmd.exe
1480	cmd.exe

Program crash 2 IoCs

pid	pid_target	Process	procid_target
4888	4452	WerFault.exe	86
1344	4324	WerFault.exe	99

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 9 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	netsh.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	svchost.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	2026-07-31_4aa71a5280a3364976285481a994e062_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cfyjjstt.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 8 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 4452 wrote to memory of 4316	4452	2026-07-31_4aa71a5280a3364976285481a994e062_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	88
PID 4452 wrote to memory of 1480	4452	2026-07-31_4aa71a5280a3364976285481a994e062_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	90
PID 4452 wrote to memory of 3228	4452	2026-07-31_4aa71a5280a3364976285481a994e062_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	92
PID 4452 wrote to memory of 3648	4452	2026-07-31_4aa71a5280a3364976285481a994e062_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	94
PID 4452 wrote to memory of 4272	4452	2026-07-31_4aa71a5280a3364976285481a994e062_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	97
PID 4452 wrote to memory of 1156	4452	2026-07-31_4aa71a5280a3364976285481a994e062_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	100
PID 4324 wrote to memory of 4524	4324	cfyjjstt.exe	102
PID 4324 wrote to memory of 4524	4324	cfyjjstt.exe	102

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-31_4aa71a5280a3364976285481a994e062_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-31_4aa71a5280a3364976285481a994e062_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:4452
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C mkdir C:\Windows\SysWOW64\zozevvcm\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4316
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C move /Y "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\cfyjjstt.exe" C:\Windows\SysWOW64\zozevvcm\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1480
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" create zozevvcm binPath= "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\zozevvcm\cfyjjstt.exe /d\"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-31_4aa71a5280a3364976285481a994e062_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe\"" type= own start= auto DisplayName= "wifi support"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3228
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" description zozevvcm "wifi internet conection"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3648
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" start zozevvcm
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4272
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\netsh.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\netsh.exe" advfirewall firewall add rule name="Host-process for services of Windows" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe" enable=yes>nul
  2⤵
  - Modifies Windows Firewall
  - Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1156
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 4452 -s 1096
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:4888

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\zozevvcm\cfyjjstt.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\zozevvcm\cfyjjstt.exe /d"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-31_4aa71a5280a3364976285481a994e062_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- Suspicious use of SetThreadContext
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:4324
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe
  svchost.exe
  2⤵
  - Windows security bypass
  - Sets service image path in registry
  - Deletes itself
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4524
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 4324 -s 608
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:1344

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 472 -p 4452 -ip 4452
1⤵
PID:5996

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 528 -p 4324 -ip 4324
1⤵
PID:2196

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

Command and Scripting Interpreter

T1059

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

System Services

T1569

Service Execution

T1569.002

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Defense Evasion

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

Service Stop

T1489

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Downloads

cfyjjstt.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\cfyjjstt.exe
Size 12.8MB
SHA256 eb6d431709a8c04a7a4a9998b26c31425adcad736b7eefbda1bf4ff8743529d1
MD5 d611121d5775980fa2deea97c59d9c85
SHA1 22e23554136bf8eb1cc38661c8ebcd3443122c20
SHA512 f06032b5620a2498974aca72067251790761fd28ae0e7ab116c50072dee2169b7d7705d5d366850e0dc0c5eb0564e69d72d4b3c47e51f823ffa88ed74c4a1750
SSDEEP 49152:OGEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEX:O
TLSH
T132D6016176FE9119F3F79E346AB667981A7BBDA3783481BD0110230A5D32EC18D91F23
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

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memory/4324-8-0x0000000000780000-0x0000000000793000-memory.dmp

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memory/4324-7-0x00000000007A0000-0x00000000008A0000-memory.dmp

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memory/4324-13-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000053C000-memory.dmp

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memory/4452-2-0x0000000000800000-0x0000000000813000-memory.dmp

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memory/4452-1-0x0000000000820000-0x0000000000920000-memory.dmp

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memory/4452-14-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000053C000-memory.dmp

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memory/4524-9-0x00000000002A0000-0x00000000002B5000-memory.dmp

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memory/4524-12-0x00000000002A0000-0x00000000002B5000-memory.dmp

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memory/4524-15-0x00000000002A0000-0x00000000002B5000-memory.dmp

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memory/4524-16-0x00000000002A0000-0x00000000002B5000-memory.dmp

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memory/4524-17-0x00000000002A0000-0x00000000002B5000-memory.dmp

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Analysis

Sharing

General

Malware Config

Extracted

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

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