tofsee | b20089618962b714d49fe2f8822850451cee4c4fb1c5d02c391ef1d5bfa99a8b

Analysis

max time kernel
150s
max time network
149s
platform
windows11-ltsc_2024_x64
resource
win11ltsc2024-20260709-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win11ltsc2024-20260709-enlocale:en-usos:windows11-ltsc_2024-x64systemwindows
submitted
31/07/2026, 16:49

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General

Target
2026-07-31_c3912de9d6535e9842f4c71af08aa122_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe
Size 12.0MB
Sample260731-vbprkswfqe
SHA256 b20089618962b714d49fe2f8822850451cee4c4fb1c5d02c391ef1d5bfa99a8b
MD5 c3912de9d6535e9842f4c71af08aa122
SHA1 0ed04877d8ba03b9075c8038f025eca5cf908d73
SHA512 2da9dba368f3ac7890e1cea538ba03c62093c3d7f95c0a87e605681748052df9efcfde4b26477b11ecb3ec43aa57c5740d2f81779fc6ba095e496c72acdcf7ed
SSDEEP 49152:pGEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE0:p
TLSH
T1B5C6016176FE9119F3F79E346AB667981A7BBDA3783481BD0110230A5D32EC18D91F23
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Score

10^/10

defense_evasion discovery execution tofsee persistence privilege_escalation trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

tofsee

vanaheim.cn
jotunheim.name

Signatures

Family: Tofsee
Backdoor/botnet which carries out malicious activities based on commands from a C2 server.
trojan tofsee

Windows security bypass 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion trojan

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Paths\C:\Windows\SysWOW64\lkfygpib = "0"	svchost.exe

Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

Windows Service

T1543.003

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

pid	Process
5488	netsh.exe

Sets service image path in registry 3 TTPs 1 IoCs

This determines the executable launched when a service starts. It can be used to establish persistence.

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Windows Service

T1543.003

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\lkfygpib\ImagePath = "C:\\Windows\\SysWOW64\\lkfygpib\\bndqedvz.exe"	svchost.exe

Creates new service(s) 2 TTPs
persistence execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Service Execution
T1569.002

Deletes itself 1 IoCs

pid	Process
1752	svchost.exe

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
4988	bndqedvz.exe

Stops running service(s) 4 TTPs
defense_evasion execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Impair Defenses
T1562

Service Stop
T1489

Service Execution
T1569.002

Suspicious use of SetThreadContext 1 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 4988 set thread context of 1752	4988	bndqedvz.exe	101

Launches sc.exe 3 IoCs

Sc.exe is a Windows utlilty to control services on the system.

pid	Process
1108	sc.exe
4332	sc.exe
708	sc.exe

Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s).

System Information Discovery
T1082

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

persistence privilege_escalation

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key value enumerated	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe

Executes a command shell one-liner 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

Execution of a cmd.exe one-liner (/c "close" or /k "keep") is a common script/loader stage.

execution

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

pid	Process
356	cmd.exe
5944	cmd.exe

Program crash 2 IoCs

pid	pid_target	Process	procid_target
5976	4988	WerFault.exe	100
5888	3368	WerFault.exe	88

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 9 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	bndqedvz.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	svchost.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	netsh.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	2026-07-31_c3912de9d6535e9842f4c71af08aa122_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 8 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 3368 wrote to memory of 5944	3368	2026-07-31_c3912de9d6535e9842f4c71af08aa122_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	89
PID 3368 wrote to memory of 356	3368	2026-07-31_c3912de9d6535e9842f4c71af08aa122_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	91
PID 3368 wrote to memory of 1108	3368	2026-07-31_c3912de9d6535e9842f4c71af08aa122_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	93
PID 3368 wrote to memory of 4332	3368	2026-07-31_c3912de9d6535e9842f4c71af08aa122_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	95
PID 3368 wrote to memory of 708	3368	2026-07-31_c3912de9d6535e9842f4c71af08aa122_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	98
PID 4988 wrote to memory of 1752	4988	bndqedvz.exe	101
PID 4988 wrote to memory of 1752	4988	bndqedvz.exe	101
PID 3368 wrote to memory of 5488	3368	2026-07-31_c3912de9d6535e9842f4c71af08aa122_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	103

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-31_c3912de9d6535e9842f4c71af08aa122_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-31_c3912de9d6535e9842f4c71af08aa122_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:3368
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C mkdir C:\Windows\SysWOW64\lkfygpib\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:5944
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C move /Y "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\bndqedvz.exe" C:\Windows\SysWOW64\lkfygpib\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:356
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" create lkfygpib binPath= "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\lkfygpib\bndqedvz.exe /d\"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-31_c3912de9d6535e9842f4c71af08aa122_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe\"" type= own start= auto DisplayName= "wifi support"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1108
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" description lkfygpib "wifi internet conection"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4332
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" start lkfygpib
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:708
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\netsh.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\netsh.exe" advfirewall firewall add rule name="Host-process for services of Windows" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe" enable=yes>nul
  2⤵
  - Modifies Windows Firewall
  - Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:5488
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 3368 -s 708
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:5888

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\lkfygpib\bndqedvz.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\lkfygpib\bndqedvz.exe /d"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-07-31_c3912de9d6535e9842f4c71af08aa122_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- Suspicious use of SetThreadContext
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:4988
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe
  svchost.exe
  2⤵
  - Windows security bypass
  - Sets service image path in registry
  - Deletes itself
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1752
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 4988 -s 608
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:5976

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 520 -p 4988 -ip 4988
1⤵
PID:4660

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 516 -p 3368 -ip 3368
1⤵
PID:3236

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

Command and Scripting Interpreter

T1059

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

System Services

T1569

Service Execution

T1569.002

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Defense Evasion

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

Service Stop

T1489

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Downloads

bndqedvz.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\bndqedvz.exe
Size 14.4MB
SHA256 f2447b80f14e2cc9857d02673cd1f7efe7e633aa487cf81a48daaf57d64c35e7
MD5 405189690dc460da1d7d0c5b48dd17c5
SHA1 daa359bc3a814167d94117d881a308027abb902a
SHA512 4e5e80e494c729c5c7b026472a9aa16b8584316c41d11af3640297cbd616928d7407f226ce549baa8b7bd0a720d438be1486b601627b4eab97a5f79d02990a49
SSDEEP 49152:MGEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEv:M
TLSH
T167E6016176FE9119F3F79E346AB667981A7BBDA3783481BD0110230A5D32EC18D91F23
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

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memory/1752-9-0x0000000000B00000-0x0000000000B15000-memory.dmp

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memory/1752-12-0x0000000000B00000-0x0000000000B15000-memory.dmp

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memory/1752-15-0x0000000000B00000-0x0000000000B15000-memory.dmp

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memory/1752-16-0x0000000000B00000-0x0000000000B15000-memory.dmp

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memory/1752-17-0x0000000000B00000-0x0000000000B15000-memory.dmp

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memory/3368-2-0x00000000022A0000-0x00000000022B3000-memory.dmp

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memory/3368-1-0x00000000007B0000-0x00000000008B0000-memory.dmp

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memory/3368-13-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000053C000-memory.dmp

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memory/4988-8-0x0000000000E70000-0x0000000000E83000-memory.dmp

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memory/4988-7-0x00000000006D0000-0x00000000007D0000-memory.dmp

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memory/4988-14-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000053C000-memory.dmp

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Analysis

Sharing

General

Malware Config

Extracted

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

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