tofsee | f83b1486ec7089fab82edc31dc6540d2536c8e0344ef1b01b7f559db59e1cc18

Analysis

max time kernel
149s
max time network
152s
platform
windows10-2004_x64
resource
win10v2004-20260513-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win10v2004-20260513-enlocale:en-usos:windows10-2004-x64systemwindows
submitted
04/08/2026, 11:06

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General

Target
2026-08-03_8191023a7df689c7c6c19a950197c7f1_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe
Size 13.0MB
Sample260804-m7psfsaa79
SHA256 f83b1486ec7089fab82edc31dc6540d2536c8e0344ef1b01b7f559db59e1cc18
MD5 8191023a7df689c7c6c19a950197c7f1
SHA1 552eef3e3e62679a8ee5480affa018b3d921a73a
SHA512 d0529fc1d9f9bf10ebfe77401fefd63dea24aa2ad646cfb9cf76f323c8979ebd3f79dc96605a43bb50a102892cd7276be8a24af69eb719e66fd1210fa577b49d
SSDEEP 3072:Yx1qIXgWFcqfzgb7diGkvwRDk3RcimxnH6k3/m2iTxBMqX6se+TJLODJRODwAODv:AqUgWFc/FiGkv6kBc4k3/m1BMquv
TLSH
T112D675A225DC08CAE59E5B3D34733B278DA0B770482A546068C4FACF5E9ECD7165C7B2
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Score

10^/10

defense_evasion discovery execution tofsee persistence privilege_escalation trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

tofsee

nidavellir.top
jotunheim.name

Signatures

Family: Tofsee
Backdoor/botnet which carries out malicious activities based on commands from a C2 server.
trojan tofsee

Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

Windows Service

T1543.003

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

pid	Process
2612	netsh.exe

Sets service image path in registry 3 TTPs 1 IoCs

This determines the executable launched when a service starts. It can be used to establish persistence.

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Windows Service

T1543.003

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\khbgaqnj\ImagePath = "C:\\Windows\\SysWOW64\\khbgaqnj\\fafimvwy.exe"	svchost.exe

Checks computer location settings 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

Looks up country code configured in the registry, likely geofence.

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

description	ioc	Process
Key value queried	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-2937465464-4167303362-2236413517-1000\Control Panel\International\Geo\Nation	2026-08-03_8191023a7df689c7c6c19a950197c7f1_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe

Creates new service(s) 2 TTPs
persistence execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Service Execution
T1569.002

Deletes itself 1 IoCs

pid	Process
2468	svchost.exe

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
944	fafimvwy.exe

Suspicious use of SetThreadContext 1 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 944 set thread context of 2468	944	fafimvwy.exe	103

Launches sc.exe 3 IoCs

Sc.exe is a Windows utlilty to control services on the system.

pid	Process
2720	sc.exe
3748	sc.exe
4984	sc.exe

Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s).

System Information Discovery
T1082

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

persistence privilege_escalation

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key value enumerated	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe

Executes a command shell one-liner 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

Execution of a cmd.exe one-liner (/c "close" or /k "keep") is a common script/loader stage.

execution

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

pid	Process
3732	cmd.exe
1996	cmd.exe

Program crash 2 IoCs

pid	pid_target	Process	procid_target
4760	4004	WerFault.exe	85
2136	944	WerFault.exe	97

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 9 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	2026-08-03_8191023a7df689c7c6c19a950197c7f1_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	fafimvwy.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	svchost.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	netsh.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 8 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 4004 wrote to memory of 3732	4004	2026-08-03_8191023a7df689c7c6c19a950197c7f1_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	86
PID 4004 wrote to memory of 1996	4004	2026-08-03_8191023a7df689c7c6c19a950197c7f1_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	88
PID 4004 wrote to memory of 2720	4004	2026-08-03_8191023a7df689c7c6c19a950197c7f1_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	90
PID 4004 wrote to memory of 3748	4004	2026-08-03_8191023a7df689c7c6c19a950197c7f1_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	92
PID 4004 wrote to memory of 4984	4004	2026-08-03_8191023a7df689c7c6c19a950197c7f1_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	95
PID 4004 wrote to memory of 2612	4004	2026-08-03_8191023a7df689c7c6c19a950197c7f1_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	98
PID 944 wrote to memory of 2468	944	fafimvwy.exe	103
PID 944 wrote to memory of 2468	944	fafimvwy.exe	103

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-08-03_8191023a7df689c7c6c19a950197c7f1_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-08-03_8191023a7df689c7c6c19a950197c7f1_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- Checks computer location settings
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:4004
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C mkdir C:\Windows\SysWOW64\khbgaqnj\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3732
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C move /Y "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\fafimvwy.exe" C:\Windows\SysWOW64\khbgaqnj\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1996
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" create khbgaqnj binPath= "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\khbgaqnj\fafimvwy.exe /d\"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-08-03_8191023a7df689c7c6c19a950197c7f1_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe\"" type= own start= auto DisplayName= "wifi support"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:2720
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" description khbgaqnj "wifi internet conection"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3748
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" start khbgaqnj
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4984
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\netsh.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\netsh.exe" advfirewall firewall add rule name="Host-process for services of Windows" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe" enable=yes>nul
  2⤵
  - Modifies Windows Firewall
  - Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:2612
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 4004 -s 1324
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:4760

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\khbgaqnj\fafimvwy.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\khbgaqnj\fafimvwy.exe /d"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-08-03_8191023a7df689c7c6c19a950197c7f1_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- Suspicious use of SetThreadContext
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:944
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe
  svchost.exe
  2⤵
  - Sets service image path in registry
  - Deletes itself
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:2468
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 944 -s 568
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:2136

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 444 -p 4004 -ip 4004
1⤵
PID:2784

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 532 -p 944 -ip 944
1⤵
PID:1808

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

Command and Scripting Interpreter

T1059

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

System Services

T1569

Service Execution

T1569.002

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Defense Evasion

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

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Downloads

fafimvwy.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\fafimvwy.exe
Size 12.2MB
SHA256 fb5936a4a4c33c1821af547d6e1467f12ef93a1eb0b1efa3c41d72dd8468a8a3
MD5 7667536713e617df9fefe0608bcd2942
SHA1 354f134f9deca64845aa54b0f4c4c648f8d7b6a7
SHA512 78bffd5ddb8703bfa3383c525dddca4d1438d49f2085eceb46aef3c7afd332accf81fb5bf068fe776f28a90cee82999d9be9c24adcea6bd27f354ff4ad9ef0eb
SSDEEP 3072:Vx1qIXgWFcqfzgb7diGkvwRDk3RcimxnH6k3/m2iTxBMqX6se+TJLODJRODwAOD7:5qUgWFc/FiGkv6kBc4k3/m1BMqu7
TLSH
T19AD675A225DC08CAE59E5B3D34733B278DA0B770482A546068C4FACF5E9ECD7165C7B2
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

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memory/944-11-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004BE000-memory.dmp

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memory/944-16-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004BE000-memory.dmp

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memory/2468-14-0x0000000000C00000-0x0000000000C15000-memory.dmp

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memory/2468-12-0x0000000000C00000-0x0000000000C15000-memory.dmp

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memory/2468-15-0x0000000000C00000-0x0000000000C15000-memory.dmp

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memory/4004-1-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004BE000-memory.dmp

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memory/4004-0-0x00000000004B2000-0x00000000004B3000-memory.dmp

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memory/4004-3-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004BE000-memory.dmp

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memory/4004-4-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004BE000-memory.dmp

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memory/4004-10-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004BE000-memory.dmp

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Analysis

Sharing

General

Malware Config

Extracted

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

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