Overview

overview

10

Static

static

3

2026-08-23...op.exe

windows10-2004-x64

10

2026-08-23...op.exe

windows11-ltsc_2024-x64

10

Analysis

  • max time kernel
    150s
  • max time network
    151s
  • platform
    windows11-ltsc_2024_x64
  • resource
    win11ltsc2024-20260709-en
  • resource tags

    arch:x64arch:x86image:win11ltsc2024-20260709-enlocale:en-usos:windows11-ltsc_2024-x64systemwindows
  • submitted
    25/08/2026, 22:47

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General

  • Target
    2026-08-23_a8f4d9c0f0ec1305703daf7c73f35514_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop.exe
  • Size 4.1MB
  • Sample260825-2qyflabb37
  • SHA256 964c3273fb0919b1fb6bd171e52e1c98020f2eb3f5cb658230ba01b935207ea3
  • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH
Score
10/10
defense_evasiondiscoverydropperexecutiongluptebaloaderpersistenceprivilege_escalationrootkitspywaretrojan

Malware Config

Signatures

  • Family: Glupteba

    Glupteba is a modular loader written in Golang with various components.

    loaderdropperglupteba
  • Glupteba payload 20 IoCs
  • Windows security bypass 2 TTPs 7 IoCs
    defense_evasiontrojan
  • Custom signature
    Detects Windows executables referencing non-Windows User-Agents 18 IoCs
  • Custom signature
    Detects executables Discord URL observed in first stage droppers 18 IoCs
  • Custom signature
    Detects executables containing URLs to raw contents of a Github gist 18 IoCs
  • Custom signature
    Detects executables referencing many varying, potentially fake Windows User-Agents 18 IoCs
  • Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs
    defense_evasion
  • Executes dropped EXE 6 IoCs
  • Windows security modification 2 TTPs 7 IoCs
    defense_evasiontrojan
  • Adds Run key to start application 2 TTPs 2 IoCs
    persistence
  • Checks installed software on the system 1 TTPs

    Looks up Uninstall key entries in the registry to enumerate software on the system.

    discovery
  • Contacts third-party web service commonly abused for C2 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

    Legitimate web (hosting) services can be abused by malware authors to host malware or C2s.

  • Manipulates WinMonFS driver. 1 IoCs

    Roottkits write to WinMonFS to hide directories/files from being detected.

    rootkitdefense_evasion
  • Checks for VirtualBox DLLs, possible anti-VM trick 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

    Certain files are specific to VirtualBox VMs and can be used to detect execution in a VM.

  • Drops file in Windows directory 2 IoCs
  • Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

    Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

    persistenceprivilege_escalation
  • Executes a command shell one-liner 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

    Execution of a cmd.exe one-liner (/c "close" or /k "keep") is a common script/loader stage.

    execution
  • Modifies trusted root certificate store through registry 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

    A root certificate was added, modified, or removed in the trusted certificate store registry paths.

    defense_evasion
  • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 7 IoCs

    Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

    discovery
  • Modifies data under HKEY_USERS 40 IoCs
  • Modifies system certificate store 2 TTPs 1 IoCs
    defense_evasionspywaretrojan
  • Scheduled Task/Job: Scheduled Task 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

    Schtasks is often used by malware for persistence or to perform post-infection execution.

    persistenceexecution
  • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses 64 IoCs
  • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken 7 IoCs
  • Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 4 IoCs
  • Uses Task Scheduler COM API 1 TTPs

    The Task Scheduler COM API can be used to schedule applications to run on boot or at set times.

    persistence

Processes

  • C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-08-23_a8f4d9c0f0ec1305703daf7c73f35514_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop.exe
    "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-08-23_a8f4d9c0f0ec1305703daf7c73f35514_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop.exe"
    1⤵
    • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
    • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
    • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
    PID:2836
    • C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-08-23_a8f4d9c0f0ec1305703daf7c73f35514_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop.exe
      "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-08-23_a8f4d9c0f0ec1305703daf7c73f35514_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop.exe"
      2⤵
      • Windows security bypass
      • Windows security modification
      • Adds Run key to start application
      • Checks for VirtualBox DLLs, possible anti-VM trick
      • Drops file in Windows directory
      • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
      • Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
      PID:720
      • C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe
        C:\Windows\Sysnative\cmd.exe /C "netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="csrss" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe" enable=yes"
        3⤵
        • Executes a command shell one-liner
        • Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
        PID:4880
        • C:\Windows\system32\netsh.exe
          netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="csrss" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe" enable=yes
          4⤵
          • Modifies Windows Firewall
          • Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
          PID:248
      • C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
        C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
        3⤵
        • Executes dropped EXE
        • Adds Run key to start application
        • Manipulates WinMonFS driver.
        • Modifies trusted root certificate store through registry
        • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
        • Modifies data under HKEY_USERS
        • Modifies system certificate store
        • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
        • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
        • Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
        PID:5880
        • C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\schtasks.exe
          schtasks /CREATE /SC ONLOGON /RL HIGHEST /TR "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe" /TN csrss /F
          4⤵
          • Scheduled Task/Job: Scheduled Task
          PID:5576
        • C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\schtasks.exe
          schtasks /delete /tn ScheduledUpdate /f
          4⤵
            PID:1424
          • C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\csrss\injector\injector.exe
            C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\csrss\injector\injector.exe taskmgr.exe C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\csrss\injector\NtQuerySystemInformationHook.dll
            4⤵
            • Executes dropped EXE
            • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
            PID:900
          • C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\schtasks.exe
            schtasks /CREATE /SC ONLOGON /RL HIGHEST /TR "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe" /TN csrss /F
            4⤵
            • Scheduled Task/Job: Scheduled Task
            PID:5748
    • C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
      "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe"
      1⤵
      • Executes dropped EXE
      • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
      • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
      PID:6008
      • C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
        "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe"
        2⤵
        • Executes dropped EXE
        • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
        PID:3436
    • C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
      C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
      1⤵
      • Executes dropped EXE
      • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
      • Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
      • Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
      PID:2448
      • C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
        "C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe"
        2⤵
        • Executes dropped EXE
        • System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
        PID:2148

    Network

          MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

          Reconnaissance

          Resource Development

          Initial Access

          Execution

          Command and Scripting Interpreter

          1
          T1059

          Windows Command Shell

          1
          T1059.003

          Scheduled Task/Job

          1
          T1053

          Scheduled Task

          1
          T1053.005

          Persistence

          Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

          1
          T1547

          Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

          1
          T1547.001

          Create or Modify System Process

          1
          T1543

          Windows Service

          1
          T1543.003

          Event Triggered Execution

          1
          T1546

          Netsh Helper DLL

          1
          T1546.007

          Scheduled Task/Job

          1
          T1053

          Scheduled Task

          1
          T1053.005

          Privilege Escalation

          Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

          1
          T1547

          Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

          1
          T1547.001

          Create or Modify System Process

          1
          T1543

          Windows Service

          1
          T1543.003

          Event Triggered Execution

          1
          T1546

          Netsh Helper DLL

          1
          T1546.007

          Scheduled Task/Job

          1
          T1053

          Scheduled Task

          1
          T1053.005

          Defense Evasion

          Impair Defenses

          3
          T1562

          Disable or Modify System Firewall

          1
          T1562.004

          Disable or Modify Tools

          2
          T1562.001

          Modify Registry

          4
          T1112

          Subvert Trust Controls

          2
          T1553

          Install Root Certificate

          2
          T1553.004

          Credential Access

          Discovery

          Query Registry

          2
          T1012

          System Information Discovery

          1
          T1082

          System Location Discovery

          1
          T1614

          System Language Discovery

          1
          T1614.001

          Lateral Movement

          Collection

          Command and Control

          Web Service

          1
          T1102

          Exfiltration

          Impact

          Replay Monitor

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          Downloads

          injector.exe
          • Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\csrss\injector\injector.exe
          • Size 281KB
          • SHA256 5de4e2b07a26102fe527606ce5da1d5a4b938967c9d380a3c5fe86e2e34aaaf1
          • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH
          Submit Download

          csrss.exe
          • Path C:\Windows\rss\csrss.exe
          • Size 4.1MB
          • SHA256 964c3273fb0919b1fb6bd171e52e1c98020f2eb3f5cb658230ba01b935207ea3
          • MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH
          Submit Download

          memory/720-6-0x0000000003500000-0x00000000038F2000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/720-13-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002FFB000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/2148-32-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002FFB000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/2448-29-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002FFB000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/2836-1-0x0000000003480000-0x0000000003874000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/2836-4-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002FFB000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/2836-5-0x0000000005350000-0x0000000005BC7000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/2836-2-0x0000000005350000-0x0000000005BC7000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/3436-30-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002FFB000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/5880-33-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002FFB000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/5880-31-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002FFB000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/5880-34-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002FFB000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/5880-35-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002FFB000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/5880-36-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002FFB000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/5880-37-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002FFB000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/5880-38-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002FFB000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/5880-39-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002FFB000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/5880-40-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002FFB000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/5880-41-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002FFB000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/5880-42-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002FFB000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/5880-43-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002FFB000-memory.dmp
          Download

          memory/6008-18-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000002FFB000-memory.dmp
          Download