tofsee | a8a07c253cbd1ba296aedeac2b823949ce7b561b264231401cac69e3f218eca8

Analysis

max time kernel
150s
max time network
152s
platform
windows11-ltsc_2024_x64
resource
win11ltsc2024-20260709-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win11ltsc2024-20260709-enlocale:en-usos:windows11-ltsc_2024-x64systemwindows
submitted
05/09/2026, 07:00

Sharing

Copy URL Twitter E-mail

Report Analysis Logs

General

Target
2026-09-04_729f6fb31a6a8479ecadd3329f5f27d8_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe
Size 12.4MB
Sample260905-hsnjmayfkh
SHA256 a8a07c253cbd1ba296aedeac2b823949ce7b561b264231401cac69e3f218eca8
MD5 729f6fb31a6a8479ecadd3329f5f27d8
SHA1 44fa7c4d9067d7c206fbcdc130327a1a45ca5f8c
SHA512 aaea7163d3145348b217605392ea8369382b7db2bb8d74e8ed2aa53cebac6e5755427539deae9f9e44cee0c833607b66be5cd0ece6b5aa8acb1de8a26383ca34
SSDEEP 49152:sGEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEc:s
TLSH
T1E3D6016176FE9119F3F79E346AB667981A7BBDA3783481BD0110230A5D32EC18D91F23
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Score

10^/10

defense_evasion discovery execution tofsee persistence privilege_escalation trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

tofsee

vanaheim.cn
jotunheim.name

Signatures

Family: Tofsee
Backdoor/botnet which carries out malicious activities based on commands from a C2 server.
trojan tofsee

Windows security bypass 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion trojan

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Paths\C:\Windows\SysWOW64\rsscpesg = "0"	svchost.exe

Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

Windows Service

T1543.003

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

pid	Process
3760	netsh.exe

Sets service image path in registry 3 TTPs 1 IoCs

This determines the executable launched when a service starts. It can be used to establish persistence.

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Windows Service

T1543.003

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\rsscpesg\ImagePath = "C:\\Windows\\SysWOW64\\rsscpesg\\lxfcivbz.exe"	svchost.exe

Creates new service(s) 2 TTPs
persistence execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Service Execution
T1569.002

Deletes itself 1 IoCs

pid	Process
4536	svchost.exe

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
6040	lxfcivbz.exe

Stops running service(s) 4 TTPs
defense_evasion execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Impair Defenses
T1562

Service Stop
T1489

Service Execution
T1569.002

Suspicious use of SetThreadContext 1 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 6040 set thread context of 4536	6040	lxfcivbz.exe	104

Launches sc.exe 3 IoCs

Sc.exe is a Windows utlilty to control services on the system.

pid	Process
600	sc.exe
2572	sc.exe
5384	sc.exe

Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s).

System Information Discovery
T1082

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

persistence privilege_escalation

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key value enumerated	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe

Executes a command shell one-liner 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

Execution of a cmd.exe one-liner (/c "close" or /k "keep") is a common script/loader stage.

execution

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

pid	Process
2472	cmd.exe
5008	cmd.exe

Program crash 2 IoCs

pid	pid_target	Process	procid_target
5996	6040	WerFault.exe	100
2520	3368	WerFault.exe	88

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 9 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	svchost.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	2026-09-04_729f6fb31a6a8479ecadd3329f5f27d8_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	netsh.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	lxfcivbz.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 8 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 3368 wrote to memory of 2472	3368	2026-09-04_729f6fb31a6a8479ecadd3329f5f27d8_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	89
PID 3368 wrote to memory of 5008	3368	2026-09-04_729f6fb31a6a8479ecadd3329f5f27d8_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	91
PID 3368 wrote to memory of 600	3368	2026-09-04_729f6fb31a6a8479ecadd3329f5f27d8_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	93
PID 3368 wrote to memory of 2572	3368	2026-09-04_729f6fb31a6a8479ecadd3329f5f27d8_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	96
PID 3368 wrote to memory of 5384	3368	2026-09-04_729f6fb31a6a8479ecadd3329f5f27d8_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	98
PID 3368 wrote to memory of 3760	3368	2026-09-04_729f6fb31a6a8479ecadd3329f5f27d8_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe	101
PID 6040 wrote to memory of 4536	6040	lxfcivbz.exe	104
PID 6040 wrote to memory of 4536	6040	lxfcivbz.exe	104

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-09-04_729f6fb31a6a8479ecadd3329f5f27d8_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-09-04_729f6fb31a6a8479ecadd3329f5f27d8_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:3368
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C mkdir C:\Windows\SysWOW64\rsscpesg\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:2472
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C move /Y "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\lxfcivbz.exe" C:\Windows\SysWOW64\rsscpesg\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:5008
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" create rsscpesg binPath= "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\rsscpesg\lxfcivbz.exe /d\"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-09-04_729f6fb31a6a8479ecadd3329f5f27d8_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe\"" type= own start= auto DisplayName= "wifi support"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:600
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" description rsscpesg "wifi internet conection"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:2572
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" start rsscpesg
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:5384
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\netsh.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\netsh.exe" advfirewall firewall add rule name="Host-process for services of Windows" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe" enable=yes>nul
  2⤵
  - Modifies Windows Firewall
  - Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3760
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 3368 -s 1100
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:2520

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\rsscpesg\lxfcivbz.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\rsscpesg\lxfcivbz.exe /d"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-09-04_729f6fb31a6a8479ecadd3329f5f27d8_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_remcos_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_stop_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- Suspicious use of SetThreadContext
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:6040
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe
  svchost.exe
  2⤵
  - Windows security bypass
  - Sets service image path in registry
  - Deletes itself
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4536
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 6040 -s 588
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:5996

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 524 -p 6040 -ip 6040
1⤵
PID:4488

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 496 -p 3368 -ip 3368
1⤵
PID:6076

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

Command and Scripting Interpreter

T1059

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

System Services

T1569

Service Execution

T1569.002

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Defense Evasion

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

Service Stop

T1489

Replay Monitor

Loading Replay Monitor...

Downloads

lxfcivbz.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\lxfcivbz.exe
Size 13.0MB
SHA256 fbbc389707ea535100b57f588a53a75ecd537cf4d43b997abd2e597f1ab1e048
MD5 eda2496bccf34f74fa0c80029bb964a1
SHA1 a49f15e52d17cdcf2a1bcbd9a9f42d756c0e86df
SHA512 7a55dcb3f4640e60826f240c1ea075a7b58a170b7d7073d727de3837e995510b5182bf8e9adbdeff0783eeef3666e663ffeff22b9e856bf85ba0b7b501e33d2c
SSDEEP 49152:OGEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEM:O
TLSH
T133D6016176FE9119F3F79E346AB667981A7BBDA3783481BD0110230A5D32EC18D91F23
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Submit Download

memory/3368-2-0x00000000022A0000-0x00000000022B3000-memory.dmp

Download

memory/3368-1-0x0000000000740000-0x0000000000840000-memory.dmp

Download

memory/3368-14-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000053C000-memory.dmp

Download

memory/4536-9-0x0000000000BA0000-0x0000000000BB5000-memory.dmp

Download

memory/4536-12-0x0000000000BA0000-0x0000000000BB5000-memory.dmp

Download

memory/4536-15-0x0000000000BA0000-0x0000000000BB5000-memory.dmp

Download

memory/4536-16-0x0000000000BA0000-0x0000000000BB5000-memory.dmp

Download

memory/4536-17-0x0000000000BA0000-0x0000000000BB5000-memory.dmp

Download

memory/6040-8-0x0000000000F60000-0x0000000000F73000-memory.dmp

Download

memory/6040-7-0x0000000000710000-0x0000000000810000-memory.dmp

Download

memory/6040-13-0x0000000000400000-0x000000000053C000-memory.dmp

Download

Analysis

Sharing

General

Malware Config

Extracted

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Replay Monitor

Loading Replay Monitor...

Downloads