valleyrat_s2 | e590bd6c6cc790785cf44ed515bbf1a1f7689ba507f434dee1552af45955d3d3

Analysis

max time kernel
149s
max time network
151s
platform
windows10-2004_x64
resource
win10v2004-20260513-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win10v2004-20260513-enlocale:en-usos:windows10-2004-x64systemwindows
submitted
08/09/2026, 04:02

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General

Target
e590bd6c6cc790785cf44ed515bbf1a1f7689ba507f434dee1552af45955d3d3.dll
Size 7.2MB
Sample260908-ely51acm7y
SHA256 e590bd6c6cc790785cf44ed515bbf1a1f7689ba507f434dee1552af45955d3d3
MD5 36b7fd4ad600cceee374e6e4196ede72
SHA1 c5ce69d71a14de00be3e34d8bfb187fe645ddaa9
SHA512 180f6475d37352ca6b8df8670952fcf8193497839ba4eb81d446fcdb9af8a7f3a0f3d72d8ff26f7ec381d0c1606993e3be2a8a503814ab669328c393146e8d43
SSDEEP 98304:wcIFvrbEKwnknMcJAOk8bjdHiaQpNOomXroiQUyXyT9+zxQvTL:WvrAFfEdCzNfmXkYyXyxC
TLSH
T19476AE01A9EC44B9D46EE437C2D7BA6BD2F17C050531860F9F913A466F737029A2B36E
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Score

10^/10

backdoor defense_evasion discovery execution valleyrat_s2 persistence ransomware

Malware Config

Signatures

Family: ValleyRat
ValleyRat stage2 is a backdoor written in C++.
backdoor valleyrat_s2

Detects ValleyRAT payload 7 IoCs

resource	yara_rule
behavioral1/memory/4436-8-0x000001C9E7CF0000-0x000001C9E7D60000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2
behavioral1/memory/4436-10-0x000001C9E7CF0000-0x000001C9E7D60000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2
behavioral1/memory/4436-9-0x000001C9E7B20000-0x000001C9E7B89000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2
behavioral1/memory/4436-13-0x000001C9E7CF0000-0x000001C9E7D60000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2
behavioral1/memory/4436-14-0x000001C9E7CF0000-0x000001C9E7D60000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2
behavioral1/memory/4436-15-0x000001C9E7CF0000-0x000001C9E7D60000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2
behavioral1/memory/4436-18-0x000001C9E7CF0000-0x000001C9E7D60000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2

Badlisted process makes network request 9 IoCs

Network request originating from process or tool commonly abused by malware.

flow	pid	Process
28	4436	rundll32.exe
29	4436	rundll32.exe
36	4436	rundll32.exe
38	4436	rundll32.exe
41	4436	rundll32.exe
42	4436	rundll32.exe
43	4436	rundll32.exe
45	4436	rundll32.exe
50	4436	rundll32.exe

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
3840	rundll32.exe

Enumerates connected drives 3 TTPs 22 IoCs

Attempts to read the root path of hard drives other than the default C: drive.

Query Registry

T1012

Peripheral Device Discovery

T1120

System Information Discovery

T1082

description	ioc	Process
File opened (read-only)	\??\I:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\K:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\L:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\O:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\V:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\X:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\H:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\M:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\N:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\S:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\W:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\Q:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\B:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\G:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\J:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\P:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\Y:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\Z:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\E:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\R:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\T:	rundll32.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\U:	rundll32.exe

Looks up external IP address via web service 1 TTPs 4 IoCs

Uses a legitimate IP lookup service to find the infected system's external IP.

discovery

Internet Connection Discovery

T1016.001

flow	ioc
35	api.ipify.org
36	api.ipify.org
42	api.ipify.org
44	icanhazip.com

Discovers running processes 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Running process information can be used to identify security tools or plan follow-on actions.

discovery

Process Discovery

T1057

pid	Process
3408	tasklist.exe
4340	tasklist.exe
4812	tasklist.exe

Drops file in System32 directory 1 IoCs

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	C:\Windows\system32\rundll32.exe	rundll32.exe

Executes a command shell one-liner 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

Execution of a cmd.exe one-liner (/c "close" or /k "keep") is a common script/loader stage.

execution

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

pid	Process
544	cmd.exe
2688	cmd.exe

Delays execution with timeout.exe 3 IoCs

defense_evasion

pid	Process
4744	timeout.exe
2752	timeout.exe
3248	timeout.exe

Kills process with taskkill 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

pid	Process
3712	taskkill.exe

Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses 64 IoCs

pid	Process
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe

Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken 44 IoCs

description	pid	Process
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeLoadDriverPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeIncBasePriorityPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeTcbPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	3712	taskkill.exe
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeCreateTokenPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeLockMemoryPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeMachineAccountPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeTcbPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeSecurityPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeLoadDriverPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeSystemProfilePrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeSystemtimePrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeProfSingleProcessPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeIncBasePriorityPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeCreatePagefilePrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeCreatePermanentPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeBackupPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeRestorePrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeShutdownPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeAuditPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeChangeNotifyPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeUndockPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeSyncAgentPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeEnableDelegationPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeManageVolumePrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeImpersonatePrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeCreateGlobalPrivilege	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: 31	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: 32	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: 33	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: 34	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: 35	4436	rundll32.exe
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	3408	tasklist.exe
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	4340	tasklist.exe
Token: SeDebugPrivilege	4812	tasklist.exe

Suspicious use of SetWindowsHookEx 2 IoCs

pid	Process
4436	rundll32.exe
4436	rundll32.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 12 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 4436 wrote to memory of 3712	4436	rundll32.exe	94
PID 4436 wrote to memory of 2688	4436	rundll32.exe	99
PID 2688 wrote to memory of 544	2688	cmd.exe	101
PID 544 wrote to memory of 3408	544	cmd.exe	102
PID 544 wrote to memory of 3444	544	cmd.exe	103
PID 544 wrote to memory of 4744	544	cmd.exe	104
PID 544 wrote to memory of 4340	544	cmd.exe	112
PID 544 wrote to memory of 4892	544	cmd.exe	113
PID 544 wrote to memory of 2752	544	cmd.exe	114
PID 544 wrote to memory of 4812	544	cmd.exe	117
PID 544 wrote to memory of 4748	544	cmd.exe	118
PID 544 wrote to memory of 3248	544	cmd.exe	119

Uses Task Scheduler COM API 1 TTPs
The Task Scheduler COM API can be used to schedule applications to run on boot or at set times.
persistence

Query Registry
T1012
Uses Volume Shadow Copy WMI provider
The Volume Shadow Copy service is used to manage backups/snapshots.
ransomware
Uses Volume Shadow Copy service COM API
The Volume Shadow Copy service is used to manage backups/snapshots.
ransomware

C:\Windows\system32\rundll32.exe
rundll32.exe C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\e590bd6c6cc790785cf44ed515bbf1a1f7689ba507f434dee1552af45955d3d3.dll,#1
1⤵
- Badlisted process makes network request
- Enumerates connected drives
- Drops file in System32 directory
- Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
- Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
- Suspicious use of SetWindowsHookEx
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:4436
- C:\Windows\system32\taskkill.exe
  taskkill /f /im cmd.exe
  2⤵
  - Kills process with taskkill
  - Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
  PID:3712
- C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe
  cmd.exe /c start "" /B cmd /C C:\Users\Public\Public_Release\S-1-5-21-540052884-2969440504-464782435\S-1-5-21-540052884-2969440504-464782435.bAt
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
  PID:2688
- - C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe
    cmd /C C:\Users\Public\Public_Release\S-1-5-21-540052884-2969440504-464782435\S-1-5-21-540052884-2969440504-464782435.bAt
    3⤵
    - Executes a command shell one-liner
    - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
    PID:544
  - - C:\Windows\system32\tasklist.exe
      TASKLIST /FI "IMAGENAME eq rundll32.exe" /FO CSV
      4⤵
      Discovers running processes
      Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
      PID:3408
  - - C:\Windows\system32\find.exe
      FIND /I "rundll32.exe"
      4⤵
      PID:3444
  - - C:\Windows\system32\timeout.exe
      TIMEOUT /t 60 /nobreak
      4⤵
      Delays execution with timeout.exe
      PID:4744
  - - C:\Windows\system32\tasklist.exe
      TASKLIST /FI "IMAGENAME eq rundll32.exe" /FO CSV
      4⤵
      Discovers running processes
      Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
      PID:4340
  - - C:\Windows\system32\find.exe
      FIND /I "rundll32.exe"
      4⤵
      PID:4892
  - - C:\Windows\system32\timeout.exe
      TIMEOUT /t 60 /nobreak
      4⤵
      Delays execution with timeout.exe
      PID:2752
  - - C:\Windows\system32\tasklist.exe
      TASKLIST /FI "IMAGENAME eq rundll32.exe" /FO CSV
      4⤵
      Discovers running processes
      Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
      PID:4812
  - - C:\Windows\system32\find.exe
      FIND /I "rundll32.exe"
      4⤵
      PID:4748
  - - C:\Windows\system32\timeout.exe
      TIMEOUT /t 60 /nobreak
      4⤵
      Delays execution with timeout.exe
      PID:3248

C:\Windows\system32\rundll32.exe
C:\Windows\system32\rundll32.exe
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
PID:3840

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

Command and Scripting Interpreter

T1059

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

Persistence

Privilege Escalation

Defense Evasion

Credential Access

Discovery

Peripheral Device Discovery

T1120

Process Discovery

T1057

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Network Configuration Discovery

T1016

Internet Connection Discovery

T1016.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

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Downloads

S-1-5-21-540052884-2969440504-464782435.bAt

Path C:\Users\Public\Public_Release\S-1-5-21-540052884-2969440504-464782435\S-1-5-21-540052884-2969440504-464782435.bAt
Size 1KB
SHA256 fc7981ae65c304f9719aa3d92e926ed62625c87c56126ea7960672970453d021
MD5 4c8a5a5a23d8db13dd926ef4db446129
SHA1 3d78f2405d9ff0084f1f2ae5ad3d868784b99eed
SHA512 56ac1af0b5b5d5684fbbf9bdfe6f24bcc95699e04a712f32ce296a2b5bfe2345ee1d8ff70ffe5db9934dc8f977a8a322a243c7558c4cf8c95b5aa20dc36a5b61
TLSH
T1873110AFC8135D1D031442DB234ADC5BCA44F06BEF5A70D070C8DB892385A9D0966BFE
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 TLSH

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rundll32.exe

Path C:\Windows\System32\rundll32.exe
Size 70KB
SHA256 b53f3c0cd32d7f20849850768da6431e5f876b7bfa61db0aa0700b02873393fa
MD5 ef3179d498793bf4234f708d3be28633
SHA1 dd399ae46303343f9f0da189aee11c67bd868222
SHA512 02aff154762d7e53e37754f878ce6aa3f4df5a1eb167e27f13d9762dced32bec892bfa3f3314e3c6dce5998f7d3c400d7d0314b9326eedcab72207c60b3d332e
SSDEEP 1536:J8qpnO/qRUNReI3fu6Uw2mTARPw2cm+YRQln5IUmDjoX:C/YUNRBfukTreXRQln5I
TLSH
T16B630BC9A66460F4E077953444734E099272BC22D7625ADF54F0F17C0FF36E0A93AAAB
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

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memory/4436-0-0x00007FFEBECB0000-0x00007FFEBF3DF000-memory.dmp

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memory/4436-8-0x000001C9E7CF0000-0x000001C9E7D60000-memory.dmp

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memory/4436-10-0x000001C9E7CF0000-0x000001C9E7D60000-memory.dmp

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memory/4436-9-0x000001C9E7B20000-0x000001C9E7B89000-memory.dmp

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memory/4436-13-0x000001C9E7CF0000-0x000001C9E7D60000-memory.dmp

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memory/4436-14-0x000001C9E7CF0000-0x000001C9E7D60000-memory.dmp

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memory/4436-15-0x000001C9E7CF0000-0x000001C9E7D60000-memory.dmp

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memory/4436-18-0x000001C9E7CF0000-0x000001C9E7D60000-memory.dmp

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memory/4436-25-0x00007FFEBECB0000-0x00007FFEBF3DF000-memory.dmp

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