tofsee | b8a7a7bc9d42b39d8d5a1af5419c2973db8554169284ff80c01575177237e224

Analysis

max time kernel
149s
max time network
146s
platform
windows10-2004_x64
resource
win10v2004-20260911-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win10v2004-20260911-enlocale:en-usos:windows10-2004-x64systemwindows
submitted
04/10/2026, 04:30

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General

Target
2026-10-03_ae62accd88602dac05176340ff76141a_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe
Size 13.5MB
Sample261004-e444zatz9r
SHA256 b8a7a7bc9d42b39d8d5a1af5419c2973db8554169284ff80c01575177237e224
MD5 ae62accd88602dac05176340ff76141a
SHA1 61f0dd51340a5f09feb9174d0bc68448b7100ae6
SHA512 f4bbc9d04a387ffb7cb95eeaac4d5f0ca86fb7228a41d12b2e202337c0f980cc1facd53d5050f2f42c13df94137d5b20f6a66e3c897116076835673fff08f84d
SSDEEP 6144:aHjBpYqdviTbDwkFyXapKagxexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexeK:C3Yqd6B5we
TLSH
T1A6E6447392E13C44F6768E319E2F86E8361EFD919F1567EB12087A0B14711ADC1E2B1E
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Score

10^/10

defense_evasion discovery execution tofsee persistence privilege_escalation trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

tofsee

nidavellir.top
jotunheim.name

Signatures

Family: Tofsee
Backdoor/botnet which carries out malicious activities based on commands from a C2 server.
trojan tofsee

Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

Windows Service

T1543.003

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

pid	Process
220	netsh.exe

Sets service image path in registry 3 TTPs 1 IoCs

This determines the executable launched when a service starts. It can be used to establish persistence.

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Windows Service

T1543.003

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\xovavqkn\ImagePath = "C:\\Windows\\SysWOW64\\xovavqkn\\unkgmys.exe"	svchost.exe

Checks computer location settings 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

Looks up country code configured in the registry, likely geofence.

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

description	ioc	Process
Key value queried	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-939655444-3071939294-1401108526-1000\Control Panel\International\Geo\Nation	2026-10-03_ae62accd88602dac05176340ff76141a_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe

Creates new service(s) 2 TTPs
persistence execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Service Execution
T1569.002

Deletes itself 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

File Deletion

T1070.004

pid	Process
5100	svchost.exe

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
3928	unkgmys.exe

Suspicious use of SetThreadContext 1 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 3928 set thread context of 5100	3928	unkgmys.exe	110

Launches sc.exe 3 IoCs

Sc.exe is a Windows utlilty to control services on the system.

pid	Process
5104	sc.exe
2936	sc.exe
2616	sc.exe

Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s).

System Information Discovery
T1082

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

persistence privilege_escalation

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key value enumerated	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe

Executes a command shell one-liner 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

Execution of a cmd.exe one-liner (/c "close" or /k "keep") is a common script/loader stage.

execution

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

pid	Process
3468	cmd.exe
3156	cmd.exe

Program crash 2 IoCs

pid	pid_target	Process	procid_target
4004	4900	WerFault.exe	86
980	3928	WerFault.exe	103

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 9 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	netsh.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	unkgmys.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	svchost.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	2026-10-03_ae62accd88602dac05176340ff76141a_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 8 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 4900 wrote to memory of 3468	4900	2026-10-03_ae62accd88602dac05176340ff76141a_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	90
PID 4900 wrote to memory of 3156	4900	2026-10-03_ae62accd88602dac05176340ff76141a_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	92
PID 4900 wrote to memory of 5104	4900	2026-10-03_ae62accd88602dac05176340ff76141a_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	94
PID 4900 wrote to memory of 2936	4900	2026-10-03_ae62accd88602dac05176340ff76141a_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	98
PID 4900 wrote to memory of 2616	4900	2026-10-03_ae62accd88602dac05176340ff76141a_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	101
PID 4900 wrote to memory of 220	4900	2026-10-03_ae62accd88602dac05176340ff76141a_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	104
PID 3928 wrote to memory of 5100	3928	unkgmys.exe	110
PID 3928 wrote to memory of 5100	3928	unkgmys.exe	110

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-10-03_ae62accd88602dac05176340ff76141a_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-10-03_ae62accd88602dac05176340ff76141a_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- Checks computer location settings
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:4900
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C mkdir C:\Windows\SysWOW64\xovavqkn\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3468
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C move /Y "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\unkgmys.exe" C:\Windows\SysWOW64\xovavqkn\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3156
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" create xovavqkn binPath= "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\xovavqkn\unkgmys.exe /d\"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-10-03_ae62accd88602dac05176340ff76141a_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe\"" type= own start= auto DisplayName= "wifi support"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:5104
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" description xovavqkn "wifi internet conection"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:2936
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" start xovavqkn
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:2616
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\netsh.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\netsh.exe" advfirewall firewall add rule name="Host-process for services of Windows" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe" enable=yes>nul
  2⤵
  - Modifies Windows Firewall
  - Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:220
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 4900 -s 1044
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:4004

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\xovavqkn\unkgmys.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\xovavqkn\unkgmys.exe /d"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-10-03_ae62accd88602dac05176340ff76141a_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- Suspicious use of SetThreadContext
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:3928
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe
  svchost.exe
  2⤵
  - Sets service image path in registry
  - Deletes itself
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:5100
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 3928 -s 516
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:980

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 428 -p 4900 -ip 4900
1⤵
PID:1204

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 552 -p 3928 -ip 3928
1⤵
PID:4776

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

Command and Scripting Interpreter

T1059

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

System Services

T1569

Service Execution

T1569.002

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Defense Evasion

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

Indicator Removal

T1070

File Deletion

T1070.004

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

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Downloads

unkgmys.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\unkgmys.exe
Size 11.7MB
SHA256 298fa90e55d69e710df77cf3232a4aebcd7364e5051a0b60ab3eecf46dd738b7
MD5 4945747137dd1850eb358f759fc76796
SHA1 4cc2db57cc0829c4e7d3d6d69d94be24afe5919e
SHA512 ec2e2ffe31f641d63e9db6b98dc476e7d04cec0af91e6e809a2bf415b6a5974e9380882976e63f8016602993cf0916aa1c1d2e9196b61c959a0044816064cf43
SSDEEP 6144:fHjBpYqdviTbDwkFyXapKagxexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexer:73Yqd6B5wH
TLSH
T19AC6447392E13C44F6768E319E2F86E8361EFD919F1567EB12087A0B14711ADC1E2B1E
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

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memory/3928-8-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004AF000-memory.dmp

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memory/3928-11-0x0000000000C60000-0x0000000000C73000-memory.dmp

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memory/3928-10-0x00000000005B0000-0x00000000006B0000-memory.dmp

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memory/3928-16-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004AF000-memory.dmp

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memory/4900-0-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004AF000-memory.dmp

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memory/4900-2-0x0000000000620000-0x0000000000720000-memory.dmp

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memory/4900-3-0x0000000000520000-0x0000000000533000-memory.dmp

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memory/4900-15-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004AF000-memory.dmp

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memory/5100-12-0x0000000000880000-0x0000000000895000-memory.dmp

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memory/5100-17-0x0000000000880000-0x0000000000895000-memory.dmp

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memory/5100-18-0x0000000000880000-0x0000000000895000-memory.dmp

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Analysis

Sharing

General

Malware Config

Extracted

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

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