tofsee | afd1e72b7987276dfc4a97d8e85a195ab20b9720b3e610cc64847669475b2e70

Analysis

max time kernel
150s
max time network
152s
platform
windows11-ltsc_2024_x64
resource
win11ltsc2024-20260911-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win11ltsc2024-20260911-enlocale:en-usos:windows11-ltsc_2024-x64systemwindows
submitted
06/10/2026, 00:55

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General

Target
2026-10-05_f7c978fe98cb5c839760ea1198b1a185_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe
Size 11.5MB
Sample261006-a91xaaxfkd
SHA256 afd1e72b7987276dfc4a97d8e85a195ab20b9720b3e610cc64847669475b2e70
MD5 f7c978fe98cb5c839760ea1198b1a185
SHA1 c48cb6054e1c9700962e8cb591f1094391cbfbb0
SHA512 c4e19881ee0b23e8cab62bd46e0590a3f841e8a502f04aee757c9fa547bb941ca90362cc93dfa4eb51fba6763819dce65207a4498f96940e7f55bc9211999281
SSDEEP 6144:6HjBpYqdviTbDwkFyXapKagxexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexeK:i3Yqd6B5we
TLSH
T1DDC6447392E13C44F6768E319E2F86E8361EFD919F1567EB12087A0B14711ADC1E2B1E
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Score

10^/10

defense_evasion discovery execution tofsee persistence privilege_escalation trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

tofsee

nidavellir.top
jotunheim.name

Signatures

Family: Tofsee
Backdoor/botnet which carries out malicious activities based on commands from a C2 server.
trojan tofsee

Windows security bypass 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion trojan

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Paths\C:\Windows\SysWOW64\khwrwibf = "0"	svchost.exe

Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

Windows Service

T1543.003

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

pid	Process
1644	netsh.exe

Sets service image path in registry 3 TTPs 1 IoCs

This determines the executable launched when a service starts. It can be used to establish persistence.

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Windows Service

T1543.003

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\khwrwibf\ImagePath = "C:\\Windows\\SysWOW64\\khwrwibf\\cxcfjstv.exe"	svchost.exe

Creates new service(s) 2 TTPs
persistence execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Service Execution
T1569.002

Deletes itself 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

File Deletion

T1070.004

pid	Process
1832	svchost.exe

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
6036	cxcfjstv.exe

Suspicious use of SetThreadContext 1 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 6036 set thread context of 1832	6036	cxcfjstv.exe	103

Launches sc.exe 3 IoCs

Sc.exe is a Windows utlilty to control services on the system.

pid	Process
1232	sc.exe
956	sc.exe
4004	sc.exe

Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s).

System Information Discovery
T1082

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

persistence privilege_escalation

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key value enumerated	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe

Executes a command shell one-liner 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

Execution of a cmd.exe one-liner (/c "close" or /k "keep") is a common script/loader stage.

execution

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

pid	Process
1160	cmd.exe
4328	cmd.exe

Program crash 2 IoCs

pid	pid_target	Process	procid_target
3024	4120	WerFault.exe	87
2608	6036	WerFault.exe	99

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 9 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cxcfjstv.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	svchost.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	2026-10-05_f7c978fe98cb5c839760ea1198b1a185_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	netsh.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 8 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 4120 wrote to memory of 1160	4120	2026-10-05_f7c978fe98cb5c839760ea1198b1a185_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	88
PID 4120 wrote to memory of 4328	4120	2026-10-05_f7c978fe98cb5c839760ea1198b1a185_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	90
PID 4120 wrote to memory of 956	4120	2026-10-05_f7c978fe98cb5c839760ea1198b1a185_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	92
PID 4120 wrote to memory of 4004	4120	2026-10-05_f7c978fe98cb5c839760ea1198b1a185_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	94
PID 4120 wrote to memory of 1232	4120	2026-10-05_f7c978fe98cb5c839760ea1198b1a185_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	97
PID 4120 wrote to memory of 1644	4120	2026-10-05_f7c978fe98cb5c839760ea1198b1a185_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	100
PID 6036 wrote to memory of 1832	6036	cxcfjstv.exe	103
PID 6036 wrote to memory of 1832	6036	cxcfjstv.exe	103

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-10-05_f7c978fe98cb5c839760ea1198b1a185_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-10-05_f7c978fe98cb5c839760ea1198b1a185_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:4120
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C mkdir C:\Windows\SysWOW64\khwrwibf\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1160
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C move /Y "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\cxcfjstv.exe" C:\Windows\SysWOW64\khwrwibf\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4328
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" create khwrwibf binPath= "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\khwrwibf\cxcfjstv.exe /d\"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-10-05_f7c978fe98cb5c839760ea1198b1a185_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe\"" type= own start= auto DisplayName= "wifi support"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:956
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" description khwrwibf "wifi internet conection"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4004
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" start khwrwibf
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1232
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\netsh.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\netsh.exe" advfirewall firewall add rule name="Host-process for services of Windows" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe" enable=yes>nul
  2⤵
  - Modifies Windows Firewall
  - Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1644
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 4120 -s 1096
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:3024

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\khwrwibf\cxcfjstv.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\khwrwibf\cxcfjstv.exe /d"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-10-05_f7c978fe98cb5c839760ea1198b1a185_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- Suspicious use of SetThreadContext
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:6036
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe
  svchost.exe
  2⤵
  - Windows security bypass
  - Sets service image path in registry
  - Deletes itself
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:1832
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 6036 -s 572
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:2608

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 444 -p 4120 -ip 4120
1⤵
PID:5172

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 520 -p 6036 -ip 6036
1⤵
PID:5484

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

Command and Scripting Interpreter

T1059

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

System Services

T1569

Service Execution

T1569.002

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Defense Evasion

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Indicator Removal

T1070

File Deletion

T1070.004

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

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Downloads

cxcfjstv.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\cxcfjstv.exe
Size 12.3MB
SHA256 15201e5d7c7a767833e5f0e1c0fcaf069749fc4754a56df12771c4bd6962ea69
MD5 519f3d0be3e7332a3a30d69626b6feb5
SHA1 8c0d34e7bc05aaa25f0c94c2b38673831e42c673
SHA512 b6c123960356edf87ae85731a963460cbe01beb3f0199a853a416242d2043cc25a43638573224edbd105a0f7046404dadd9d4e5bde8822ef3dc36cb9285f0b4d
SSDEEP 6144:xHjBpYqdviTbDwkFyXapKagxexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexej:Z3Yqd6B5wf
TLSH
T151D6447392E13C44F6768E319E2F86E8361EFD919F1567EB12087A0B14711ADC1E2B1E
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

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memory/1832-22-0x00000000009B0000-0x00000000009C5000-memory.dmp

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memory/1832-21-0x00000000009B0000-0x00000000009C5000-memory.dmp

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memory/1832-15-0x00000000009B0000-0x00000000009C5000-memory.dmp

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memory/1832-12-0x00000000009B0000-0x00000000009C5000-memory.dmp

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memory/1832-20-0x00000000009B0000-0x00000000009C5000-memory.dmp

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memory/4120-19-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004AF000-memory.dmp

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memory/4120-2-0x0000000000840000-0x0000000000940000-memory.dmp

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memory/4120-3-0x0000000002220000-0x0000000002233000-memory.dmp

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memory/4120-0-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004AF000-memory.dmp

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memory/6036-10-0x0000000000680000-0x0000000000780000-memory.dmp

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memory/6036-17-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004AF000-memory.dmp

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memory/6036-11-0x0000000000660000-0x0000000000673000-memory.dmp

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memory/6036-8-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004AF000-memory.dmp

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Analysis

Sharing

General

Malware Config

Extracted

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

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