tofsee | bcd28721dd115dc8e410e65c7ff3f36d10976dd9147765fb71b7a20868f27b3a

Analysis

max time kernel
150s
max time network
152s
platform
windows11-ltsc_2024_x64
resource
win11ltsc2024-20260911-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win11ltsc2024-20260911-enlocale:en-usos:windows11-ltsc_2024-x64systemwindows
submitted
25/10/2026, 09:50

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General

Target
2026-10-24_b9cccaee5f85f477c748dc686071f01e_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop.exe
Size 13.5MB
Sample261025-ltwheayzgs
SHA256 bcd28721dd115dc8e410e65c7ff3f36d10976dd9147765fb71b7a20868f27b3a
MD5 b9cccaee5f85f477c748dc686071f01e
SHA1 ca81392a0e9300b99c7aa7548facb21b9f521f10
SHA512 5d0e3ccbf22a34c5ae4f4001e6208bbe570230c62aab991aca2ae5ab8a941356f85f679c66ff68e1282cb0fc3532ead2383ed29689bda9ae4c75b1f4e3435f12
SSDEEP 6144:Aq97LjFOKlbnh15S3pXF/iDuKkEn2E1a:AqV3FOKxnh1sEuzUv
TLSH
T15CE63B370A680846D06AD4BDBF9DBF1C89DCB3B0B0584B6B035595D9AD0332B6AFD187
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Score

10^/10

defense_evasion discovery execution tofsee persistence privilege_escalation trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

tofsee

svartalfheim.top
jotunheim.name

Signatures

Family: Tofsee
Backdoor/botnet which carries out malicious activities based on commands from a C2 server.
trojan tofsee

Windows security bypass 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion trojan

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Paths\C:\Windows\SysWOW64\iqhclriw = "0"	svchost.exe

Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

Windows Service

T1543.003

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

pid	Process
4304	netsh.exe

Sets service image path in registry 3 TTPs 1 IoCs

This determines the executable launched when a service starts. It can be used to establish persistence.

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Windows Service

T1543.003

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\iqhclriw\ImagePath = "C:\\Windows\\SysWOW64\\iqhclriw\\zprevny.exe"	svchost.exe

Creates new service(s) 2 TTPs
persistence execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Service Execution
T1569.002

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
3352	zprevny.exe

Stops running service(s) 4 TTPs
defense_evasion execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Impair Defenses
T1562

Service Stop
T1489

Service Execution
T1569.002

Suspicious use of SetThreadContext 1 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 3352 set thread context of 3432	3352	zprevny.exe	103

Launches sc.exe 3 IoCs

Sc.exe is a Windows utlilty to control services on the system.

pid	Process
2836	sc.exe
5512	sc.exe
6076	sc.exe

Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s).

System Information Discovery
T1082

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

persistence privilege_escalation

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key value enumerated	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe

Executes a command shell one-liner 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

Execution of a cmd.exe one-liner (/c "close" or /k "keep") is a common script/loader stage.

execution

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

pid	Process
4288	cmd.exe
3224	cmd.exe

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 9 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	2026-10-24_b9cccaee5f85f477c748dc686071f01e_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	netsh.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	zprevny.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	svchost.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 8 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 2496 wrote to memory of 4288	2496	2026-10-24_b9cccaee5f85f477c748dc686071f01e_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop.exe	89
PID 2496 wrote to memory of 3224	2496	2026-10-24_b9cccaee5f85f477c748dc686071f01e_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop.exe	91
PID 2496 wrote to memory of 6076	2496	2026-10-24_b9cccaee5f85f477c748dc686071f01e_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop.exe	93
PID 2496 wrote to memory of 2836	2496	2026-10-24_b9cccaee5f85f477c748dc686071f01e_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop.exe	96
PID 2496 wrote to memory of 5512	2496	2026-10-24_b9cccaee5f85f477c748dc686071f01e_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop.exe	98
PID 2496 wrote to memory of 4304	2496	2026-10-24_b9cccaee5f85f477c748dc686071f01e_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop.exe	101
PID 3352 wrote to memory of 3432	3352	zprevny.exe	103
PID 3352 wrote to memory of 3432	3352	zprevny.exe	103

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-10-24_b9cccaee5f85f477c748dc686071f01e_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-10-24_b9cccaee5f85f477c748dc686071f01e_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop.exe"
1⤵
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:2496
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C mkdir C:\Windows\SysWOW64\iqhclriw\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4288
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C move /Y "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\zprevny.exe" C:\Windows\SysWOW64\iqhclriw\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3224
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" create iqhclriw binPath= "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\iqhclriw\zprevny.exe /d\"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-10-24_b9cccaee5f85f477c748dc686071f01e_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop.exe\"" type= own start= auto DisplayName= "wifi support"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:6076
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" description iqhclriw "wifi internet conection"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:2836
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" start iqhclriw
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:5512
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\netsh.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\netsh.exe" advfirewall firewall add rule name="Host-process for services of Windows" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe" enable=yes>nul
  2⤵
  - Modifies Windows Firewall
  - Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4304

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\iqhclriw\zprevny.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\iqhclriw\zprevny.exe /d"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-10-24_b9cccaee5f85f477c748dc686071f01e_amadey_elex_redline-stealer_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stop.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- Suspicious use of SetThreadContext
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:3352
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe
  svchost.exe
  2⤵
  - Windows security bypass
  - Sets service image path in registry
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:3432

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

Command and Scripting Interpreter

T1059

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

System Services

T1569

Service Execution

T1569.002

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Defense Evasion

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

Service Stop

T1489

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zprevny.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\zprevny.exe
Size 10.5MB
SHA256 baa37fac61320791386340b5678d163cffdc567997be4b39386ccef6c21ab9d5
MD5 8147c2d525763e873d4dbcdeb08521c2
SHA1 cb208e567edcad00435eccf239f88570af50f274
SHA512 5ee7fcecb80003596c819488351349a35888624251262b2045a7929692d472228544124ec00de0234110eeacb9feca440cd48581dde042ad5e80564909c84f2b
SSDEEP 6144:3q97LjFOKlbnh15S3pXF/iDuKkEn2E1a:3qV3FOKxnh1sEuzUv
TLSH
T1D0B63B370A680846D06AD1BDBE9DBF1C89DCB3B0F0584B6B035595D9AD0332B6AFD187
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

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memory/2496-2-0x00000000009B0000-0x00000000009C3000-memory.dmp

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memory/2496-1-0x0000000000BA0000-0x0000000000CA0000-memory.dmp

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memory/2496-12-0x0000000000BA0000-0x0000000000CA0000-memory.dmp

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memory/2496-13-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000850000-memory.dmp

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memory/3352-9-0x0000000000BD0000-0x0000000000BE3000-memory.dmp

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memory/3352-8-0x0000000000A70000-0x0000000000B70000-memory.dmp

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memory/3352-15-0x0000000000A70000-0x0000000000B70000-memory.dmp

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memory/3352-14-0x0000000000400000-0x0000000000850000-memory.dmp

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memory/3432-10-0x0000000000900000-0x0000000000915000-memory.dmp

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memory/3432-16-0x0000000000900000-0x0000000000915000-memory.dmp

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memory/3432-17-0x0000000000900000-0x0000000000915000-memory.dmp

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Analysis

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General

Malware Config

Extracted

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

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