ce9d80e244dab6137aae403880a9b9147edca2a9929c84ee05ea04c9c1f586bf

persistence privilege_escalation defense_evasion

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	/etc/cron.d/network-dispatch	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/var/spool/cron/crontabs/root	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/var/spool/cron/root	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/etc/cron.hourly/network-dispatch	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/etc/cron.daily/network-dispatch	i486.elf

Creates/modifies environment variables 1 TTPs 7 IoCs

Creating/modifying environment variables is a common persistence mechanism.

Path Interception by PATH Environment Variable

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	/etc/bash.bashrc	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/root/.bashrc	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/root/.profile	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/root/.bash_profile	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/etc/environment	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/etc/profile	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/etc/profile.d/00-net.sh	i486.elf

Declares broadcast receivers with permission to handle system events 1 IoCs

description	ioc
Required by device admin receivers to bind with the system. Allows apps to manage device administration features.	android.permission.BIND_DEVICE_ADMIN

Declares services with permission to bind to the system 5 IoCs

description	ioc
Required by accessibility services to bind with the system. Allows apps to access accessibility features.	android.permission.BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE
Required by notification listener services to bind with the system. Allows apps to listen to and interact with notifications on the device.	android.permission.BIND_NOTIFICATION_LISTENER_SERVICE
Required by input method services to bind with the system. Allows apps to provide custom input methods (keyboards).	android.permission.BIND_INPUT_METHOD
Required by dream services to bind with the system. Allows apps to provide interactive screensavers (dreams).	android.permission.BIND_DREAM_SERVICE
Required by quick settings tile services to bind with the system. Allows apps to add custom tiles to the quick settings menu.	android.permission.BIND_QUICK_SETTINGS_TILE

Deletes log files 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

Deletes log files on the system.

defense_evasion

Clear Linux or Mac System Logs

T1070.002

description	ioc	Process
File truncated	/var/log/.network-dispatch.tmp	i486.elf
File deleted	/var/log/.network-dispatch.tmp	i486.elf

Modifies init.d 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

Adds/modifies system service, likely for persistence.

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

RC Scripts

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	/etc/init.d/network-dispatch	i486.elf

Modifies rc script 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

Adding/modifying system rc scripts is a common persistence mechanism.

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

RC Scripts

persistence privilege_escalation

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	/etc/rc.local	i486.elf

Modifies systemd 2 TTPs 2 IoCs

Adds/ modifies systemd service files. Likely to achieve persistence.

XDG Autostart Entries

Systemd Service

T1543.002

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	/etc/systemd/system/network-dispatch.service	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/root/.config/systemd/user/network-dispatch.service	i486.elf

Requests dangerous framework permissions 8 IoCs

description	ioc
Allows an application to read from external storage.	android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
Allows an application to write to external storage.	android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
Allows read only access to phone state, including the current cellular network information, the status of any ongoing calls, and a list of any PhoneAccounts registered on the device.	android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE
Allows an application to collect component usage statistics.	android.permission.PACKAGE_USAGE_STATS
Allows an app to create windows using the type LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY, shown on top of all other apps.	android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW
Allows an application to read or write the system settings.	android.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS
Allows an application a broad access to external storage in scoped storage.	android.permission.MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
Allows applications to use exact alarm APIs.	android.permission.SCHEDULE_EXACT_ALARM

Write file to user bin folder 4 IoCs

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	/usr/local/bin/watchdog-net	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch.tmp	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/usr/bin/.network-dispatch.tmp	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/usr/sbin/.network-dispatch.tmp	i486.elf

Writes file to system bin folder 1 IoCs

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	/sbin/.network-dispatch.tmp	i486.elf

Modifies Bash startup script 2 TTPs 6 IoCs

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

Unix Shell Configuration Modification

T1546.004

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	/etc/profile	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/etc/profile.d/00-net.sh	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/etc/bash.bashrc	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/root/.bashrc	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/root/.profile	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/root/.bash_profile	i486.elf

Changes its process name 4 IoCs

description	ioc	pid	Process
Changes the process name, possibly in an attempt to hide itself	cron	1565	i486.elf
Changes the process name, possibly in an attempt to hide itself	[kworker/2:0]	1565	i486.elf
Changes the process name, possibly in an attempt to hide itself	atd	1566	i486.elf
Changes the process name, possibly in an attempt to hide itself	[kworker/0:0]	1663	i486.elf

Checks CPU configuration 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

Checks CPU information which indicate if the system is a virtual machine.

antivm

System Checks

T1497.001

description	ioc	Process
File opened for reading	/proc/cpuinfo	i486.elf

Creates a desktop entry file 3 TTPs 1 IoCs

A .desktop file is used by desktop environments to register and launch applications. This can be abused to gain persistence.

persistence execution

User Execution

T1204

Malicious File

T1204.002

XDG Autostart Entries

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	/etc/xdg/autostart/network-dispatch.desktop	i486.elf

Reads runtime system information 31 IoCs

Reads data from /proc virtual filesystem.

discovery

description	ioc	Process
File opened for reading	/proc/filesystems	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/970/cmdline	i486.elf
File opened for reading	/proc/filesystems	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/filesystems	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/self/stat	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/cmdline	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/uptime	i486.elf
File opened for reading	/proc/self/fd/.nd	i486.elf
File opened for reading	/proc/filesystems	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/self/stat	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/sys/kernel/osrelease	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/1/environ	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/cmdline	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/1/sched	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/1/environ	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/970/proc/self/cmdline	i486.elf
File opened for reading	/proc/1/environ	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/1/sched	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/1/sched	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/self/exe	i486.elf
File opened for reading	/proc/self/stat	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/sys/kernel/osrelease	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/1/environ	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/1/sched	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/1510/comm	i486.elf
File opened for reading	/proc/self/status	i486.elf
File opened for reading	/proc/cmdline	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/self/stat	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/sys/kernel/osrelease	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/sys/kernel/osrelease	systemctl
File opened for reading	/proc/cmdline	systemctl

Writes file to shm directory 2 IoCs

Malware can drop malicious files in the shm directory which will run directly from RAM.

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	/dev/shm/.network-dispatch.tmp	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/run/shm/.network-dispatch.tmp	i486.elf

Writes file to tmp directory 6 IoCs

Malware often drops required files in the /tmp directory.

description	ioc	Process
File opened for modification	/tmp/.X11-unix/.nd.tmp	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/tmp/.font-unix/.nd.tmp	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/tmp/watchdog	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/tmp/watchdog0	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/tmp/.network-dispatch.tmp	i486.elf
File opened for modification	/tmp/.ICE-unix/.nd.tmp	i486.elf

/tmp/i486.elf
/tmp/i486.elf
1⤵
- Modifies Watchdog functionality
- Traces itself
- Creates/modifies Cron job
- Creates/modifies environment variables
- Deletes log files
- Modifies init.d
- Modifies rc script
- Modifies systemd
- Write file to user bin folder
- Writes file to system bin folder
- Modifies Bash startup script
- Changes its process name
- Checks CPU configuration
- Creates a desktop entry file
- Reads runtime system information
- Writes file to shm directory
- Writes file to tmp directory
PID:1523
- /usr/local/sbin/systemctl
  systemctl daemon-reload
  2⤵
  PID:1570
- /usr/local/bin/systemctl
  systemctl daemon-reload
  2⤵
  PID:1570
- /usr/sbin/systemctl
  systemctl daemon-reload
  2⤵
  PID:1570
- /usr/bin/systemctl
  systemctl daemon-reload
  2⤵
  PID:1570
- /sbin/systemctl
  systemctl daemon-reload
  2⤵
  PID:1570
- /bin/systemctl
  systemctl daemon-reload
  2⤵
  - Reads runtime system information
  PID:1570
- /usr/local/sbin/systemctl
  systemctl enable network-dispatch.service
  2⤵
  PID:1591
- /usr/local/bin/systemctl
  systemctl enable network-dispatch.service
  2⤵
  PID:1591
- /usr/sbin/systemctl
  systemctl enable network-dispatch.service
  2⤵
  PID:1591
- /usr/bin/systemctl
  systemctl enable network-dispatch.service
  2⤵
  PID:1591
- /sbin/systemctl
  systemctl enable network-dispatch.service
  2⤵
  PID:1591
- /bin/systemctl
  systemctl enable network-dispatch.service
  2⤵
  - Reads runtime system information
  PID:1591
- /usr/local/sbin/systemctl
  systemctl enable network-dispatch.timer
  2⤵
  PID:1612
- /usr/local/bin/systemctl
  systemctl enable network-dispatch.timer
  2⤵
  PID:1612
- /usr/sbin/systemctl
  systemctl enable network-dispatch.timer
  2⤵
  PID:1612
- /usr/bin/systemctl
  systemctl enable network-dispatch.timer
  2⤵
  PID:1612
- /sbin/systemctl
  systemctl enable network-dispatch.timer
  2⤵
  PID:1612
- /bin/systemctl
  systemctl enable network-dispatch.timer
  2⤵
  - Reads runtime system information
  PID:1612
- /usr/local/sbin/systemctl
  systemctl enable network-dispatch.path
  2⤵
  PID:1633
- /usr/local/bin/systemctl
  systemctl enable network-dispatch.path
  2⤵
  PID:1633
- /usr/sbin/systemctl
  systemctl enable network-dispatch.path
  2⤵
  PID:1633
- /usr/bin/systemctl
  systemctl enable network-dispatch.path
  2⤵
  PID:1633
- /sbin/systemctl
  systemctl enable network-dispatch.path
  2⤵
  PID:1633
- /bin/systemctl
  systemctl enable network-dispatch.path
  2⤵
  - Reads runtime system information
  PID:1633
- /usr/local/sbin/nvram
  nvram set "rc_startup=/etc/init.d/network-dispatch start"
  2⤵
  PID:1654
- /usr/local/bin/nvram
  nvram set "rc_startup=/etc/init.d/network-dispatch start"
  2⤵
  PID:1654
- /usr/sbin/nvram
  nvram set "rc_startup=/etc/init.d/network-dispatch start"
  2⤵
  PID:1654
- /usr/bin/nvram
  nvram set "rc_startup=/etc/init.d/network-dispatch start"
  2⤵
  PID:1654
- /sbin/nvram
  nvram set "rc_startup=/etc/init.d/network-dispatch start"
  2⤵
  PID:1654
- /bin/nvram
  nvram set "rc_startup=/etc/init.d/network-dispatch start"
  2⤵
  PID:1654
- /snap/bin/nvram
  nvram set "rc_startup=/etc/init.d/network-dispatch start"
  2⤵
  PID:1654
- /usr/local/sbin/nvram
  nvram set "rc_service=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1655
- /usr/local/bin/nvram
  nvram set "rc_service=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1655
- /usr/sbin/nvram
  nvram set "rc_service=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1655
- /usr/bin/nvram
  nvram set "rc_service=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1655
- /sbin/nvram
  nvram set "rc_service=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1655
- /bin/nvram
  nvram set "rc_service=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1655
- /snap/bin/nvram
  nvram set "rc_service=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1655
- /usr/local/sbin/nvram
  nvram set "sys_startup=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1656
- /usr/local/bin/nvram
  nvram set "sys_startup=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1656
- /usr/sbin/nvram
  nvram set "sys_startup=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1656
- /usr/bin/nvram
  nvram set "sys_startup=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1656
- /sbin/nvram
  nvram set "sys_startup=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1656
- /bin/nvram
  nvram set "sys_startup=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1656
- /snap/bin/nvram
  nvram set "sys_startup=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1656
- /usr/local/sbin/nvram
  nvram set "custom_script=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1657
- /usr/local/bin/nvram
  nvram set "custom_script=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1657
- /usr/sbin/nvram
  nvram set "custom_script=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1657
- /usr/bin/nvram
  nvram set "custom_script=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1657
- /sbin/nvram
  nvram set "custom_script=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1657
- /bin/nvram
  nvram set "custom_script=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1657
- /snap/bin/nvram
  nvram set "custom_script=/usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1657
- /usr/local/sbin/nvram
  nvram commit
  2⤵
  PID:1658
- /usr/local/bin/nvram
  nvram commit
  2⤵
  PID:1658
- /usr/sbin/nvram
  nvram commit
  2⤵
  PID:1658
- /usr/bin/nvram
  nvram commit
  2⤵
  PID:1658
- /sbin/nvram
  nvram commit
  2⤵
  PID:1658
- /bin/nvram
  nvram commit
  2⤵
  PID:1658
- /snap/bin/nvram
  nvram commit
  2⤵
  PID:1658
- /usr/local/sbin/fw_printenv
  fw_printenv bootcmd
  2⤵
  PID:1659
- /usr/local/bin/fw_printenv
  fw_printenv bootcmd
  2⤵
  PID:1659
- /usr/sbin/fw_printenv
  fw_printenv bootcmd
  2⤵
  PID:1659
- /usr/bin/fw_printenv
  fw_printenv bootcmd
  2⤵
  PID:1659
- /sbin/fw_printenv
  fw_printenv bootcmd
  2⤵
  PID:1659
- /bin/fw_printenv
  fw_printenv bootcmd
  2⤵
  PID:1659
- /snap/bin/fw_printenv
  fw_printenv bootcmd
  2⤵
  PID:1659
- /usr/local/sbin/fw_setenv
  fw_setenv preboot "sh /usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1660
- /usr/local/bin/fw_setenv
  fw_setenv preboot "sh /usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1660
- /usr/sbin/fw_setenv
  fw_setenv preboot "sh /usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1660
- /usr/bin/fw_setenv
  fw_setenv preboot "sh /usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1660
- /sbin/fw_setenv
  fw_setenv preboot "sh /usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1660
- /bin/fw_setenv
  fw_setenv preboot "sh /usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1660
- /snap/bin/fw_setenv
  fw_setenv preboot "sh /usr/local/bin/network-dispatch &"
  2⤵
  PID:1660
- /usr/local/sbin/rc-update
  rc-update add network-dispatch
  2⤵
  PID:1661
- /usr/local/bin/rc-update
  rc-update add network-dispatch
  2⤵
  PID:1661
- /usr/sbin/rc-update
  rc-update add network-dispatch
  2⤵
  PID:1661
- /usr/bin/rc-update
  rc-update add network-dispatch
  2⤵
  PID:1661
- /sbin/rc-update
  rc-update add network-dispatch
  2⤵
  PID:1661
- /bin/rc-update
  rc-update add network-dispatch
  2⤵
  PID:1661
- /snap/bin/rc-update
  rc-update add network-dispatch
  2⤵
  PID:1661
- /system/bin/sh
  sh -c "pm install -r j.apk"
  2⤵
  PID:1666
- /bin/sh
  sh -c "pm install -r j.apk"
  2⤵
  PID:1666
- /system/bin/sh
  sh -c "am start-foreground-service -n com.chingusapk.juan/.KyorijService"
  2⤵
  PID:1667
- /bin/sh
  sh -c "am start-foreground-service -n com.chingusapk.juan/.KyorijService"
  2⤵
  PID:1667
- /system/bin/sh
  sh -c "cmd deviceidle whitelist +com.chingusapk.juan"
  2⤵
  PID:1668
- /bin/sh
  sh -c "cmd deviceidle whitelist +com.chingusapk.juan"
  2⤵
  PID:1668
- /system/bin/sh
  sh -c "echo shrdl > /sys/power/wake_lock"
  2⤵
  PID:1669
- /bin/sh
  sh -c "echo shrdl > /sys/power/wake_lock"
  2⤵
  PID:1669

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

Scheduled Task/Job

T1053

Cron

User Execution

T1204

Malicious File

T1204.002

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

XDG Autostart Entries

Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts

T1037

RC Scripts

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Systemd Service

T1543.002

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Unix Shell Configuration Modification

T1546.004

Hijack Execution Flow

T1574

Path Interception by PATH Environment Variable

Scheduled Task/Job

T1053

Cron

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

XDG Autostart Entries

Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts

T1037

RC Scripts

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Systemd Service

T1543.002

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Unix Shell Configuration Modification

T1546.004

Hijack Execution Flow

T1574

Path Interception by PATH Environment Variable

Scheduled Task/Job

T1053

Cron

Defense Evasion

Hijack Execution Flow

T1574

Path Interception by PATH Environment Variable