tofsee | f560dc820d2a766cf9ccfb8192de833740c8b39f2f4935fcb6e0889fabece731

Analysis

max time kernel
149s
max time network
147s
platform
windows11-ltsc_2024_x64
resource
win11ltsc2024-20260911-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win11ltsc2024-20260911-enlocale:en-usos:windows11-ltsc_2024-x64systemwindows
submitted
06/10/2026, 13:21

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General

Target
2026-10-06_55157c32b76e2dc22482b4e07cf7afb7_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe
Size 10.4MB
Sample261006-ql155sfa86
SHA256 f560dc820d2a766cf9ccfb8192de833740c8b39f2f4935fcb6e0889fabece731
MD5 55157c32b76e2dc22482b4e07cf7afb7
SHA1 75df54f05e2f0132e824bf023ecbeaa554d2c701
SHA512 a6096c74fc70d2e6645484a6ed80d9a38f2d1caf37bc2d4178c3643ccf5f13b75fb74c843e7d91aa06226949ae7d4c14a6414fc029f9ecad7bf25667fb3b006e
SSDEEP 6144:oHjBpYqdviTbDwkFyXapKagxexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexeS:k3Yqd6B5wG
TLSH
T125B6447392E13C44F6768E319E2F86E8361EFD919F1567EB12087A0B14711ADC1E2B1E
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Score

10^/10

defense_evasion discovery execution tofsee persistence privilege_escalation trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

tofsee

nidavellir.top
jotunheim.name

Signatures

Family: Tofsee
Backdoor/botnet which carries out malicious activities based on commands from a C2 server.
trojan tofsee

Windows security bypass 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion trojan

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\Paths\C:\Windows\SysWOW64\bcpdzsoz = "0"	svchost.exe

Modifies Windows Firewall 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

Windows Service

T1543.003

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

pid	Process
4988	netsh.exe

Sets service image path in registry 3 TTPs 1 IoCs

This determines the executable launched when a service starts. It can be used to establish persistence.

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Windows Service

T1543.003

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\bcpdzsoz\ImagePath = "C:\\Windows\\SysWOW64\\bcpdzsoz\\qpzclhwk.exe"	svchost.exe

Creates new service(s) 2 TTPs
persistence execution

Windows Service
T1543.003

Service Execution
T1569.002

Deletes itself 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

defense_evasion

File Deletion

T1070.004

pid	Process
4184	svchost.exe

Executes dropped EXE 1 IoCs

pid	Process
2124	qpzclhwk.exe

Suspicious use of SetThreadContext 1 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 2124 set thread context of 4184	2124	qpzclhwk.exe	105

Launches sc.exe 3 IoCs

Sc.exe is a Windows utlilty to control services on the system.

pid	Process
4348	sc.exe
5852	sc.exe
2556	sc.exe

Enumerates physical storage devices 1 TTPs
Attempts to interact with connected storage/optical drive(s).

System Information Discovery
T1082

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL 1 TTPs 3 IoCs

Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.

persistence privilege_escalation

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe
Key value enumerated	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\NetSh	netsh.exe

Executes a command shell one-liner 1 TTPs 2 IoCs

Execution of a cmd.exe one-liner (/c "close" or /k "keep") is a common script/loader stage.

execution

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

pid	Process
2384	cmd.exe
6068	cmd.exe

Program crash 2 IoCs

pid	pid_target	Process	procid_target
4176	6120	WerFault.exe	88
1424	2124	WerFault.exe	100

System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery 1 TTPs 9 IoCs

Attempt gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.

discovery

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

description	ioc	Process
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	2026-10-06_55157c32b76e2dc22482b4e07cf7afb7_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	cmd.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	netsh.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	svchost.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	sc.exe
Key opened	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\NLS\Language	qpzclhwk.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 8 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 6120 wrote to memory of 2384	6120	2026-10-06_55157c32b76e2dc22482b4e07cf7afb7_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	89
PID 6120 wrote to memory of 6068	6120	2026-10-06_55157c32b76e2dc22482b4e07cf7afb7_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	91
PID 6120 wrote to memory of 4348	6120	2026-10-06_55157c32b76e2dc22482b4e07cf7afb7_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	93
PID 6120 wrote to memory of 5852	6120	2026-10-06_55157c32b76e2dc22482b4e07cf7afb7_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	95
PID 6120 wrote to memory of 2556	6120	2026-10-06_55157c32b76e2dc22482b4e07cf7afb7_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	98
PID 6120 wrote to memory of 4988	6120	2026-10-06_55157c32b76e2dc22482b4e07cf7afb7_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe	101
PID 2124 wrote to memory of 4184	2124	qpzclhwk.exe	105
PID 2124 wrote to memory of 4184	2124	qpzclhwk.exe	105

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-10-06_55157c32b76e2dc22482b4e07cf7afb7_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-10-06_55157c32b76e2dc22482b4e07cf7afb7_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:6120
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C mkdir C:\Windows\SysWOW64\bcpdzsoz\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:2384
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /C move /Y "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\qpzclhwk.exe" C:\Windows\SysWOW64\bcpdzsoz\
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:6068
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" create bcpdzsoz binPath= "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\bcpdzsoz\qpzclhwk.exe /d\"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-10-06_55157c32b76e2dc22482b4e07cf7afb7_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe\"" type= own start= auto DisplayName= "wifi support"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4348
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" description bcpdzsoz "wifi internet conection"
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:5852
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sc.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" start bcpdzsoz
  2⤵
  - Launches sc.exe
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:2556
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\netsh.exe
  "C:\Windows\System32\netsh.exe" advfirewall firewall add rule name="Host-process for services of Windows" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe" enable=yes>nul
  2⤵
  - Modifies Windows Firewall
  - Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4988
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 6120 -s 716
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:4176

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\bcpdzsoz\qpzclhwk.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\bcpdzsoz\qpzclhwk.exe /d"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\2026-10-06_55157c32b76e2dc22482b4e07cf7afb7_amadey_elex_rhadamanthys_smoke-loader_stealc_tofsee.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- Suspicious use of SetThreadContext
- System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:2124
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\svchost.exe
  svchost.exe
  2⤵
  - Windows security bypass
  - Sets service image path in registry
  - Deletes itself
  - System Location Discovery: System Language Discovery
  PID:4184
- C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
  C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -u -p 2124 -s 580
  2⤵
  - Program crash
  PID:1424

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 492 -p 6120 -ip 6120
1⤵
PID:3516

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe -pss -s 604 -p 2124 -ip 2124
1⤵
PID:852

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

Command and Scripting Interpreter

T1059

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

System Services

T1569

Service Execution

T1569.002

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Privilege Escalation

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Create or Modify System Process

T1543

Windows Service

T1543.003

Event Triggered Execution

T1546

Netsh Helper DLL

T1546.007

Defense Evasion

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify System Firewall

T1562.004

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Indicator Removal

T1070

File Deletion

T1070.004

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Location Discovery

T1614

System Language Discovery

T1614.001

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

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Downloads

qpzclhwk.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\qpzclhwk.exe
Size 12.1MB
SHA256 cbbf96ae5eead3763f6cf73051631b05a7d824d2f9324be2bb1d8309767ff935
MD5 b7bc648d6cf38c2371a7067fdcc869ac
SHA1 752eec287448c2da118aad4d40dab2e3816a4a67
SHA512 8a97771b802b0642391a7e98e41373d8758e8a4b98de66b2ac993a49c57b8d39d7eea16d49d4beb89dc9a4f376f90fe18d7dc594588dd766004145de8ff007a2
SSDEEP 6144:FHjBpYqdviTbDwkFyXapKagxexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexexez:l3Yqd6B5wP
TLSH
T104D6447392E13C44F6768E319E2F86E8361EFD919F1567EB12087A0B14711ADC1E2B1E
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

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memory/2124-8-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004AF000-memory.dmp

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memory/2124-16-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004AF000-memory.dmp

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memory/4184-10-0x0000000000680000-0x0000000000695000-memory.dmp

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memory/4184-17-0x0000000000680000-0x0000000000695000-memory.dmp

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memory/4184-18-0x0000000000680000-0x0000000000695000-memory.dmp

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memory/6120-0-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004AF000-memory.dmp

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memory/6120-3-0x0000000002110000-0x0000000002123000-memory.dmp

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memory/6120-2-0x00000000005C0000-0x00000000006C0000-memory.dmp

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memory/6120-14-0x0000000000400000-0x00000000004AF000-memory.dmp

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memory/6120-13-0x0000000002110000-0x0000000002123000-memory.dmp

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Analysis

Sharing

General

Malware Config

Extracted

Signatures

Processes

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

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