valleyrat_s2 | bfa5740f028a8f310ca01c779bbc5f2f1b435c41539c54de592f715bb0c10389

Analysis

max time kernel
150s
max time network
143s
platform
windows11-ltsc_2024_x64
resource
win11ltsc2024-20260911-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win11ltsc2024-20260911-enlocale:en-usos:windows11-ltsc_2024-x64systemwindows
submitted
15/10/2026, 12:18

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General

Target
Notice from Tax Departmen.exe
Size 1021KB
Sample261015-pgsgrsat7k
SHA256 bfa5740f028a8f310ca01c779bbc5f2f1b435c41539c54de592f715bb0c10389
MD5 f0a4d5c3492115bfe2f346bc7bdce396
SHA1 bfcbdc7d0cbb92b68d348090fe9f381b4358a587
SHA512 8e4b2e1852fbc821cab4a7c16675afbfa2588472faa1848600829c415bfbee7cbf4713568ba15a76916e6c761d79b0fff7c5a1ae087aabd912bb7063d38a560a
SSDEEP 24576:uGKuKkPztKt9cHPrLRAqKBAy1N1UGAmnnnFnnnZnnnGnnnsddodt:uGKuKkPzgt9cHTLRAqK81k8
TLSH
T1A9254B1BE7A345EDC56FC13487A7C772AA30B86942347E2E1D95DB221F10E609F2E724
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Score

10^/10

backdoor defense_evasion discovery execution valleyrat_s2 persistence trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

valleyrat_s2

Version

202.61.157.33:21357

Signatures

Family: ValleyRat
ValleyRat stage2 is a backdoor written in C++.
backdoor valleyrat_s2

Detects ValleyRAT payload 6 IoCs

resource	yara_rule
behavioral2/memory/932-17-0x000002177F880000-0x000002177F8D0000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2
behavioral2/memory/932-19-0x000002177F880000-0x000002177F8D0000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2
behavioral2/memory/932-18-0x000002177F880000-0x000002177F8D0000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2
behavioral2/memory/4220-21-0x00000193757E0000-0x0000019375830000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2
behavioral2/memory/4220-22-0x00000193757E0000-0x0000019375830000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2
behavioral2/memory/4220-23-0x00000193757E0000-0x0000019375830000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2

UAC bypass 3 TTPs 4 IoCs

defense_evasion trojan

Bypass User Account Control

T1548.002

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\ConsentPromptBehaviorAdmin = "0"	Notice from Tax Departmen.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\PromptOnSecureDesktop = "0"	Notice from Tax Departmen.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\ConsentPromptBehaviorAdmin = "0"	Setup64.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\PromptOnSecureDesktop = "0"	Setup64.exe

Adds Run key to start application 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\iServiceController = "\"C:\\ProgramData\\MicroPoint\\WinCombo.exe\" "	WinCombo.exe

Enumerates connected drives 3 TTPs 44 IoCs

Attempts to read the root path of hard drives other than the default C: drive.

Query Registry

T1012

Peripheral Device Discovery

T1120

System Information Discovery

T1082

description	ioc	Process
File opened (read-only)	\??\L:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\R:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\S:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\K:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\U:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\W:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\Y:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\R:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\Z:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\G:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\Q:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\B:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\I:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\J:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\Y:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\I:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\O:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\U:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\X:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\L:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\P:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\S:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\X:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\B:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\N:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\T:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\G:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\N:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\O:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\J:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\K:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\M:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\V:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\D:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\T:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\Z:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\Q:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\D:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\P:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\M:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\V:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\W:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\H:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\H:	WinCombo.exe

Checks installed software on the system 1 TTPs
Looks up Uninstall key entries in the registry to enumerate software on the system.
discovery

Query Registry
T1012

Executes dropped EXE 3 IoCs

pid	Process
956	Setup64.exe
932	WinCombo.exe
4220	WinCombo.exe

Executes a command shell one-liner 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

Execution of a cmd.exe one-liner (/c "close" or /k "keep") is a common script/loader stage.

execution

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

pid	Process
5916	cmd.exe

Reads the TCP/IP host and domain name from the registry 1 TTPs 4 IoCs

The configured hostname and DNS domain identify the machine and are commonly collected to profile a host before it reports in.

discovery

System Network Configuration Discovery

T1016

description	ioc	Process
Key value queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Domain	WinCombo.exe
Key value queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Hostname	WinCombo.exe
Key value queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Domain	WinCombo.exe
Key value queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Hostname	WinCombo.exe

Modifies registry class 8 IoCs

description	ioc	Process
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-4154726816-2055034831-2297277433-1000_Classes\CLSID\{3C41D620-8F44-4A20-AFBC-44E7B1ED2CD4}\Shell\Manage\command	Setup64.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-4154726816-2055034831-2297277433-1000_Classes\CLSID	Setup64.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-4154726816-2055034831-2297277433-1000_Classes\CLSID\{3C41D620-8F44-4A20-AFBC-44E7B1ED2CD4}	Setup64.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-4154726816-2055034831-2297277433-1000_Classes\CLSID\{3C41D620-8F44-4A20-AFBC-44E7B1ED2CD4}\Shell	Setup64.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-4154726816-2055034831-2297277433-1000_Classes\CLSID\{3C41D620-8F44-4A20-AFBC-44E7B1ED2CD4}\Shell\Manage	Setup64.exe
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-4154726816-2055034831-2297277433-1000_Classes\CLSID\{3C41D620-8F44-4A20-AFBC-44E7B1ED2CD4}\Shell\Manage\command\ = "\"C:\\ProgramData\\MicroPoint\\WinCombo.exe\" "	Setup64.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{A8CDFF1C-4878-43be-B5FD-F8091C1C60D0}\Instance\	explorer.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-4154726816-2055034831-2297277433-1000_Classes\Local Settings	explorer.exe

Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses 12 IoCs

pid	Process
5776	Notice from Tax Departmen.exe
5776	Notice from Tax Departmen.exe
956	Setup64.exe
956	Setup64.exe
932	WinCombo.exe
932	WinCombo.exe
932	WinCombo.exe
932	WinCombo.exe
4220	WinCombo.exe
4220	WinCombo.exe
4220	WinCombo.exe
4220	WinCombo.exe

Suspicious behavior: LoadsDriver 8 IoCs

pid	Process
5776	Notice from Tax Departmen.exe
5776	Notice from Tax Departmen.exe
956	Setup64.exe
956	Setup64.exe
932	WinCombo.exe
932	WinCombo.exe
4220	WinCombo.exe
4220	WinCombo.exe

Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken 4 IoCs

description	pid	Process
Token: SeLoadDriverPrivilege	5776	Notice from Tax Departmen.exe
Token: SeLoadDriverPrivilege	956	Setup64.exe
Token: SeLoadDriverPrivilege	932	WinCombo.exe
Token: SeLoadDriverPrivilege	4220	WinCombo.exe

Suspicious use of FindShellTrayWindow 2 IoCs

pid	Process
5776	Notice from Tax Departmen.exe
956	Setup64.exe

Suspicious use of SendNotifyMessage 2 IoCs

pid	Process
5776	Notice from Tax Departmen.exe
956	Setup64.exe

Suspicious use of SetWindowsHookEx 1 IoCs

pid	Process
2820	explorer.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 6 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 5776 wrote to memory of 4540	5776	Notice from Tax Departmen.exe	88
PID 5776 wrote to memory of 5916	5776	Notice from Tax Departmen.exe	90
PID 5916 wrote to memory of 956	5916	cmd.exe	92
PID 956 wrote to memory of 4856	956	Setup64.exe	94
PID 956 wrote to memory of 5476	956	Setup64.exe	96
PID 2820 wrote to memory of 932	2820	explorer.exe	98

System policy modification 1 TTPs 6 IoCs

defense_evasion

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\RENlativeLUA = "0"	Notice from Tax Departmen.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\ConsentPromptBehaviorAdmin = "0"	Setup64.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\PromptOnSecureDesktop = "0"	Setup64.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\RENlativeLUA = "0"	Setup64.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\ConsentPromptBehaviorAdmin = "0"	Notice from Tax Departmen.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\PromptOnSecureDesktop = "0"	Notice from Tax Departmen.exe

C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\Notice from Tax Departmen.exe
"C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\Notice from Tax Departmen.exe"
1⤵
- UAC bypass
- Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
- Suspicious behavior: LoadsDriver
- Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
- Suspicious use of FindShellTrayWindow
- Suspicious use of SendNotifyMessage
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
- System policy modification
PID:5776
- C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\citool.exe
  "citool.exe" -r
  2⤵
  PID:4540
- C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\cmd.exe
  cmd.exe /c "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\Setup64.exe"
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
  PID:5916
- - C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\Setup64.exe
    C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\Setup64.exe
    3⤵
    - UAC bypass
    - Executes dropped EXE
    - Modifies registry class
    - Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
    - Suspicious behavior: LoadsDriver
    - Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
    - Suspicious use of FindShellTrayWindow
    - Suspicious use of SendNotifyMessage
    - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
    - System policy modification
    PID:956
  - - C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\citool.exe
      "citool.exe" -r
      4⤵
      PID:4856
  - - C:\Windows\explorer.exe
      explorer.exe shell:::{3C41D620-8F44-4A20-AFBC-44E7B1ED2CD4}
      4⤵
      PID:5476

C:\Windows\system32\svchost.exe
C:\Windows\system32\svchost.exe -k GPSvcGroup
1⤵
PID:4204

C:\Windows\explorer.exe
C:\Windows\explorer.exe /factory,{75dff2b7-6936-4c06-a8bb-676a7b00b24b} -Embedding
1⤵
- Modifies registry class
- Suspicious use of SetWindowsHookEx
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:2820
- C:\ProgramData\MicroPoint\WinCombo.exe
  "C:\ProgramData\MicroPoint\WinCombo.exe"
  2⤵
  - Adds Run key to start application
  - Enumerates connected drives
  - Executes dropped EXE
  - Reads the TCP/IP host and domain name from the registry
  - Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
  - Suspicious behavior: LoadsDriver
  - Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
  PID:932

C:\ProgramData\MicroPoint\WinCombo.exe
"C:\ProgramData\MicroPoint\WinCombo.exe"
1⤵
- Enumerates connected drives
- Executes dropped EXE
- Reads the TCP/IP host and domain name from the registry
- Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
- Suspicious behavior: LoadsDriver
- Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
PID:4220

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

Command and Scripting Interpreter

T1059

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Privilege Escalation

Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism

T1548

Bypass User Account Control

T1548.002

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Defense Evasion

Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism

T1548

Bypass User Account Control

T1548.002

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

Peripheral Device Discovery

T1120

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Network Configuration Discovery

T1016

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

Replay Monitor

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Downloads

EraseCode.dat

Path C:\ProgramData\MicroPoint\EraseCode.dat
Size 65KB
SHA256 e42efd0f77978a88dc57dce5859f40dea2908d73bbe7ca7dcce036ead7020070
MD5 f77d0df6be7a2153f93fd16bbf67abcc
SHA1 e3d46c9eda10e29c91112cf38c54052368e7ba7d
SHA512 8d9feeaec1df1fc3eb6fa087a481f1a1027d8899fad12132bc0fbd2481d191987f2ba9d0b34c5ff407cd976b01bf46650fe0087ebf23af25b67c2290f75d130b
SSDEEP 768:QW8i8U90JZGQQd6/vlyRMX8gYkiJuXQhpoRsbAUzNNccewnBpvwzLOdNqc8ocNe4:hHYJrOhH7BmcewnrwOWc8ocNeco8L
TLSH
T133634DD3679814C5FEA286B1E5B5C627BE76F9521F1081CF0A9085790F327C0AE386DA
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Submit Download

Setup64.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\Setup64.exe
Size 1.3MB
SHA256 b2acd756d2c2b34288221562608325feec24e7ff416ce62aa8e3a9ec826067e2
MD5 f9d9529232731c77e9f6da7734f70a82
SHA1 2307bc3057224edbccbb9bb27864c00f55c5e89b
SHA512 ca7faf389e1f49bf3b669007131e7020f98d6721fe4c12daac154d926184a86c1c986df77175badbf968c7d9e824781f2b1353d84710600be76ac369ba0b0cf8
SSDEEP 24576:ZKw2x501woJUwbsS7nuhGumgdJjrG8Br:ZX2Pum7FAyr
TLSH
T11F554BBE674504B9D1F320FCAC523083AA70BE278260FD891F47264B9F6536F1E6915E
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Submit Download

memory/932-16-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/932-25-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/932-24-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/932-9-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/932-13-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/932-12-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/932-18-0x000002177F880000-0x000002177F8D0000-memory.dmp

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memory/932-19-0x000002177F880000-0x000002177F8D0000-memory.dmp

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memory/932-17-0x000002177F880000-0x000002177F8D0000-memory.dmp

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memory/4220-11-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/4220-14-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/4220-15-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/4220-20-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/4220-21-0x00000193757E0000-0x0000019375830000-memory.dmp

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memory/4220-22-0x00000193757E0000-0x0000019375830000-memory.dmp

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memory/4220-23-0x00000193757E0000-0x0000019375830000-memory.dmp

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memory/4220-26-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/4220-27-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/5776-7-0x00007FF7095F0000-0x00007FF7096F3000-memory.dmp

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memory/5776-6-0x00007FF7095F0000-0x00007FF7096F3000-memory.dmp

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