valleyrat_s2 | bf925516c54ec083532d22c4f7dec9bccc3104f2407fa38a047541776d89c13d

Analysis

max time kernel
150s
max time network
139s
platform
windows11-ltsc_2024_x64
resource
win11ltsc2024-20260911-en
resource tags

arch:x64arch:x86image:win11ltsc2024-20260911-enlocale:en-usos:windows11-ltsc_2024-x64systemwindows
submitted
15/10/2026, 12:18

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General

Target
libvlc.dll
Size 2.1MB
Sample261015-pgsgrsat7k
SHA256 bf925516c54ec083532d22c4f7dec9bccc3104f2407fa38a047541776d89c13d
MD5 0ebb87d0ed77b7878336d0a1a3ec3263
SHA1 874dc17d2b8b601b266709d9e6a151cf14c0db60
SHA512 37d94598a0034aedbd81a61df8c7aa1cd1f0eae9f859259745d913ffaa5f7b06a6757ad3a5e3c21064133785524c47f701ce3b6243591f717a002ebb6c61b874
SSDEEP 24576:8YUwFrqbec7nudKw2x501woJUwbsS7nuhGumgdJjrG8BrSrTY:8YVrzdX2Pum7FAyrSrM
TLSH
T168A55CFF67440968D0E770B8AC563083AB61BE374670E9890B5337475F2676F1E2A21E
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Score

10^/10

backdoor defense_evasion discovery execution valleyrat_s2 persistence trojan

Malware Config

Extracted

Family

valleyrat_s2

Version

202.61.157.33:21357

Signatures

Family: ValleyRat
ValleyRat stage2 is a backdoor written in C++.
backdoor valleyrat_s2

Detects ValleyRAT payload 6 IoCs

resource	yara_rule
behavioral4/memory/5816-15-0x000001BEBA250000-0x000001BEBA2A0000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2
behavioral4/memory/5816-16-0x000001BEBA250000-0x000001BEBA2A0000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2
behavioral4/memory/5816-17-0x000001BEBA250000-0x000001BEBA2A0000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2
behavioral4/memory/2864-19-0x000001D27E060000-0x000001D27E0B0000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2
behavioral4/memory/2864-21-0x000001D27E060000-0x000001D27E0B0000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2
behavioral4/memory/2864-20-0x000001D27E060000-0x000001D27E0B0000-memory.dmp	family_valleyrat_stage_2_v2

UAC bypass 3 TTPs 4 IoCs

defense_evasion trojan

Bypass User Account Control

T1548.002

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\ConsentPromptBehaviorAdmin = "0"	rundll32.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\PromptOnSecureDesktop = "0"	rundll32.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\ConsentPromptBehaviorAdmin = "0"	Setup64.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\PromptOnSecureDesktop = "0"	Setup64.exe

Executes dropped EXE 3 IoCs

pid	Process
3880	Setup64.exe
5816	WinCombo.exe
2864	WinCombo.exe

Adds Run key to start application 2 TTPs 1 IoCs

persistence

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\iServiceController = "\"C:\\ProgramData\\MicroPoint\\WinCombo.exe\" "	WinCombo.exe

Checks installed software on the system 1 TTPs
Looks up Uninstall key entries in the registry to enumerate software on the system.
discovery

Query Registry
T1012

Enumerates connected drives 3 TTPs 44 IoCs

Attempts to read the root path of hard drives other than the default C: drive.

Query Registry

T1012

Peripheral Device Discovery

T1120

System Information Discovery

T1082

description	ioc	Process
File opened (read-only)	\??\H:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\S:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\T:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\K:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\D:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\I:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\K:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\O:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\Y:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\J:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\L:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\N:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\P:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\U:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\B:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\W:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\I:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\J:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\L:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\M:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\N:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\X:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\P:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\R:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\X:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\M:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\O:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\Q:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\V:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\Y:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\Q:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\R:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\U:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\V:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\Z:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\G:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\T:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\W:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\B:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\D:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\H:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\S:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\Z:	WinCombo.exe
File opened (read-only)	\??\G:	WinCombo.exe

Executes a command shell one-liner 1 TTPs 1 IoCs

Execution of a cmd.exe one-liner (/c "close" or /k "keep") is a common script/loader stage.

execution

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

pid	Process
5736	cmd.exe

Reads the TCP/IP host and domain name from the registry 1 TTPs 4 IoCs

The configured hostname and DNS domain identify the machine and are commonly collected to profile a host before it reports in.

discovery

System Network Configuration Discovery

T1016

description	ioc	Process
Key value queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Domain	WinCombo.exe
Key value queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Hostname	WinCombo.exe
Key value queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Domain	WinCombo.exe
Key value queried	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Hostname	WinCombo.exe

Modifies registry class 8 IoCs

description	ioc	Process
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-1704430598-3087477806-3297458608-1000_Classes\CLSID\{344482E2-98CA-4A8B-B797-0FF0DD28905C}	Setup64.exe
Set value (str)	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-1704430598-3087477806-3297458608-1000_Classes\CLSID\{344482E2-98CA-4A8B-B797-0FF0DD28905C}\Shell\Manage\command\ = "\"C:\\ProgramData\\MicroPoint\\WinCombo.exe\" "	Setup64.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{A8CDFF1C-4878-43be-B5FD-F8091C1C60D0}\Instance\	explorer.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-1704430598-3087477806-3297458608-1000_Classes\Local Settings	explorer.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-1704430598-3087477806-3297458608-1000_Classes\CLSID\{344482E2-98CA-4A8B-B797-0FF0DD28905C}\Shell\Manage\command	Setup64.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-1704430598-3087477806-3297458608-1000_Classes\CLSID	Setup64.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-1704430598-3087477806-3297458608-1000_Classes\CLSID\{344482E2-98CA-4A8B-B797-0FF0DD28905C}\Shell	Setup64.exe
Key created	\REGISTRY\USER\S-1-5-21-1704430598-3087477806-3297458608-1000_Classes\CLSID\{344482E2-98CA-4A8B-B797-0FF0DD28905C}\Shell\Manage	Setup64.exe

Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses 12 IoCs

pid	Process
4612	rundll32.exe
4612	rundll32.exe
3880	Setup64.exe
3880	Setup64.exe
5816	WinCombo.exe
5816	WinCombo.exe
5816	WinCombo.exe
5816	WinCombo.exe
2864	WinCombo.exe
2864	WinCombo.exe
2864	WinCombo.exe
2864	WinCombo.exe

Suspicious behavior: LoadsDriver 8 IoCs

pid	Process
4612	rundll32.exe
4612	rundll32.exe
3880	Setup64.exe
3880	Setup64.exe
5816	WinCombo.exe
5816	WinCombo.exe
2864	WinCombo.exe
2864	WinCombo.exe

Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken 4 IoCs

description	pid	Process
Token: SeLoadDriverPrivilege	4612	rundll32.exe
Token: SeLoadDriverPrivilege	3880	Setup64.exe
Token: SeLoadDriverPrivilege	5816	WinCombo.exe
Token: SeLoadDriverPrivilege	2864	WinCombo.exe

Suspicious use of FindShellTrayWindow 2 IoCs

pid	Process
4612	rundll32.exe
3880	Setup64.exe

Suspicious use of SendNotifyMessage 2 IoCs

pid	Process
4612	rundll32.exe
3880	Setup64.exe

Suspicious use of SetWindowsHookEx 1 IoCs

pid	Process
4856	explorer.exe

Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory 6 IoCs

description	pid	Process	procid_target
PID 4612 wrote to memory of 4564	4612	rundll32.exe	89
PID 4612 wrote to memory of 5736	4612	rundll32.exe	91
PID 5736 wrote to memory of 3880	5736	cmd.exe	93
PID 3880 wrote to memory of 5896	3880	Setup64.exe	94
PID 3880 wrote to memory of 3352	3880	Setup64.exe	96
PID 4856 wrote to memory of 5816	4856	explorer.exe	98

System policy modification 1 TTPs 6 IoCs

defense_evasion

Modify Registry

T1112

description	ioc	Process
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\ConsentPromptBehaviorAdmin = "0"	Setup64.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\PromptOnSecureDesktop = "0"	Setup64.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\RENlativeLUA = "0"	Setup64.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\ConsentPromptBehaviorAdmin = "0"	rundll32.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\PromptOnSecureDesktop = "0"	rundll32.exe
Set value (int)	\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\RENlativeLUA = "0"	rundll32.exe

C:\Windows\system32\rundll32.exe
rundll32.exe C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\libvlc.dll,#1
1⤵
- UAC bypass
- Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
- Suspicious behavior: LoadsDriver
- Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
- Suspicious use of FindShellTrayWindow
- Suspicious use of SendNotifyMessage
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
- System policy modification
PID:4612
- C:\Windows\system32\citool.exe
  "citool.exe" -r
  2⤵
  PID:4564
- C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe
  cmd.exe /c "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\Setup64.exe"
  2⤵
  - Executes a command shell one-liner
  - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
  PID:5736
- - C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\Setup64.exe
    C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\Setup64.exe
    3⤵
    - UAC bypass
    - Executes dropped EXE
    - Modifies registry class
    - Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
    - Suspicious behavior: LoadsDriver
    - Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
    - Suspicious use of FindShellTrayWindow
    - Suspicious use of SendNotifyMessage
    - Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
    - System policy modification
    PID:3880
  - - C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\citool.exe
      "citool.exe" -r
      4⤵
      PID:5896
  - - C:\Windows\explorer.exe
      explorer.exe shell:::{344482E2-98CA-4A8B-B797-0FF0DD28905C}
      4⤵
      PID:3352

C:\Windows\explorer.exe
C:\Windows\explorer.exe /factory,{75dff2b7-6936-4c06-a8bb-676a7b00b24b} -Embedding
1⤵
- Modifies registry class
- Suspicious use of SetWindowsHookEx
- Suspicious use of WriteProcessMemory
PID:4856
- C:\ProgramData\MicroPoint\WinCombo.exe
  "C:\ProgramData\MicroPoint\WinCombo.exe"
  2⤵
  - Executes dropped EXE
  - Adds Run key to start application
  - Enumerates connected drives
  - Reads the TCP/IP host and domain name from the registry
  - Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
  - Suspicious behavior: LoadsDriver
  - Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
  PID:5816

C:\ProgramData\MicroPoint\WinCombo.exe
"C:\ProgramData\MicroPoint\WinCombo.exe"
1⤵
- Executes dropped EXE
- Enumerates connected drives
- Reads the TCP/IP host and domain name from the registry
- Suspicious behavior: EnumeratesProcesses
- Suspicious behavior: LoadsDriver
- Suspicious use of AdjustPrivilegeToken
PID:2864

Network

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v16

Reconnaissance

Resource Development

Initial Access

Execution

Command and Scripting Interpreter

T1059

Windows Command Shell

T1059.003

Persistence

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Privilege Escalation

Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism

T1548

Bypass User Account Control

T1548.002

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

T1547

Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

T1547.001

Defense Evasion

Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism

T1548

Bypass User Account Control

T1548.002

Impair Defenses

T1562

Disable or Modify Tools

T1562.001

Modify Registry

T1112

Credential Access

Discovery

Peripheral Device Discovery

T1120

Query Registry

T1012

System Information Discovery

T1082

System Network Configuration Discovery

T1016

Lateral Movement

Collection

Command and Control

Exfiltration

Impact

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Downloads

EraseCode.dat

Path C:\ProgramData\MicroPoint\EraseCode.dat
Size 65KB
SHA256 e42efd0f77978a88dc57dce5859f40dea2908d73bbe7ca7dcce036ead7020070
MD5 f77d0df6be7a2153f93fd16bbf67abcc
SHA1 e3d46c9eda10e29c91112cf38c54052368e7ba7d
SHA512 8d9feeaec1df1fc3eb6fa087a481f1a1027d8899fad12132bc0fbd2481d191987f2ba9d0b34c5ff407cd976b01bf46650fe0087ebf23af25b67c2290f75d130b
SSDEEP 768:QW8i8U90JZGQQd6/vlyRMX8gYkiJuXQhpoRsbAUzNNccewnBpvwzLOdNqc8ocNe4:hHYJrOhH7BmcewnrwOWc8ocNeco8L
TLSH
T133634DD3679814C5FEA286B1E5B5C627BE76F9521F1081CF0A9085790F327C0AE386DA
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Submit Download

Setup64.exe

Path C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\Setup64.exe
Size 1.3MB
SHA256 b2acd756d2c2b34288221562608325feec24e7ff416ce62aa8e3a9ec826067e2
MD5 f9d9529232731c77e9f6da7734f70a82
SHA1 2307bc3057224edbccbb9bb27864c00f55c5e89b
SHA512 ca7faf389e1f49bf3b669007131e7020f98d6721fe4c12daac154d926184a86c1c986df77175badbf968c7d9e824781f2b1353d84710600be76ac369ba0b0cf8
SSDEEP 24576:ZKw2x501woJUwbsS7nuhGumgdJjrG8Br:ZX2Pum7FAyr
TLSH
T11F554BBE674504B9D1F320FCAC523083AA70BE278260FD891F47264B9F6536F1E6915E
MD5 SHA1 SHA512 SSDEEP TLSH

Submit Download

memory/2864-18-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/2864-25-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/2864-9-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/2864-24-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/2864-12-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/2864-13-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/2864-20-0x000001D27E060000-0x000001D27E0B0000-memory.dmp

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memory/2864-21-0x000001D27E060000-0x000001D27E0B0000-memory.dmp

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memory/2864-19-0x000001D27E060000-0x000001D27E0B0000-memory.dmp

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memory/5816-11-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/5816-17-0x000001BEBA250000-0x000001BEBA2A0000-memory.dmp

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memory/5816-16-0x000001BEBA250000-0x000001BEBA2A0000-memory.dmp

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memory/5816-14-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/5816-15-0x000001BEBA250000-0x000001BEBA2A0000-memory.dmp

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memory/5816-22-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/5816-23-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/5816-10-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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memory/5816-7-0x0000000140000000-0x000000014002A000-memory.dmp

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